Cited by 1,259Immune cells in cancerImmune responses and vaccinationsImmune Response and Inflammation

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Macrophage Polarization Comes of Age

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Mantovani,, Alberto, Sica,, Antonio, Locati, Massimo·2005·Immunity

DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2005.10.001

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Abstract

Functional polarization of macrophages into M1 or M2 cells is an operationally useful, simplified conceptual framework describing the plasticity of mononuclear phagocytes. Genetic approaches have begun to shed new light on mechanisms underlying macrophage polarization and on the actual in vivo significance of polarized M2 cells ( [this issue of Immunity]).

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The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization
MANTOVANI, A., SICA, A., SOZZANI, S., ALLAVENA, P., VECCHI, A., & LOCATI, M. (2004) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2004.09.015 · Cited by 6,534
Self-citation
Alternative activation of macrophages
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Fibrotic disease and the TH1/TH2 paradigm
Wynn, T. A. (2004) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1412 · Cited by 1,765

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“M2 or alternatively activated macrophages secrete high levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and are present in the wound in latter stages of healing, where they are thought to be involved in resolving inflammation and promoting tissue repair and remodeling.(19,20)”
Background
Emerging Evidence of Macrophage Contribution to Hyperinnervation and Nociceptor Sensitization in Vulvodynia
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“In addition to phagocytosis of foreign pathogens and apoptotic cells, macrophages release hundreds of effector molecules and proteins including growth factors, cytokines and chemokines (Mantovani et al., 2005).”
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Pandya, A. D., Jäger, E., Fam, S. B., Höcherl, A., Jäger, A., Sincari, V., Nyström, B., Štěpánek, P., Skotland, T., Sandvig, K., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s208938 · Cited by 35
Amitriptyline Treatment Mitigates Sepsis-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor Expression and Coagulopathy
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Multiple Sclerosis Treatments Affect Monocyte-Derived Microvesicle Production
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“The polarization of macrophages is expressed in terms of cell surface receptor expression, effect or functions, cytokine, and chemokine production (19).”
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A Porcine Urinary Bladder Matrix Does Not Recapitulate the Spatiotemporal Macrophage Response of Muscle Regeneration after Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury
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Lymphocytic Microparticles Modulate Angiogenic Properties of Macrophages in Laser-induced Choroidal Neovascularization
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Osteo-Immunomodulatory Role of Interleukin-4-Immobilized Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation Membranes for Bone Regeneration
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“A balanced M1 to M2 ratio is required for the immune system homeostasis (27).”
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Aurora Kinase A Regulates M1 Macrophage Polarization and Plays a Role in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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Fabrication of nanoadjuvant with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) for developing a single-shot vaccine providing prolonged immunity
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Macrophages, dendritic cells, and regression of atherosclerosis
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Background
CD4+ T-cells are important in regulating macrophage polarization in C57BL/6 wild-type mice
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Background
Cell atlas of the Atlantic salmon spleen reveals immune cell heterogeneity and cell-specific responses to bacterial infection
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“Adhering to this framework, the blood-borne macrophages/monocytes (MP2) and tissue resident macrophages (MP1) might be considered as M1-like and M2-like, respectively [148,154].”
Background
Multifunctional exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cells for fulfilled osseointegration
Zhuang, J., Hang, R., Sun, R., Ding, Y., Yao, X., Hang, R., Sun, H., & Bai, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Chemistry · doi:10.3389/fchem.2022.984131 · Cited by 22
“Macrophages are highly plastic when activated, and M1 and M2 are two typical phenotypes (Mantovani et al., 2005).”
Background
Decreased ferroportin in hepatocytes promotes macrophages polarize towards an M2-like phenotype and liver fibrosis
Cai, C., Zeng, D., Gao, Q., Ma, L., Zeng, B., Zhou, Y., & Wang, H. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-92839-z · Cited by 22
Type I collagen or gelatin stimulates mouse peritoneal macrophages to aggregate and produce pro-inflammatory molecules through upregulated ROS levels
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“This paradoxical role of M1 and M2 in cancer is explained by their functional plasticity, which results in the expression of pro- or antitumor functions [24, 42, 43].”
Background
IFNγ producing CD8+T cells modified to resist major immune checkpoints induce regression of MHC class I-deficient melanomas
Buferne, M., Chasson, L., Grange, M., Mas, A., Arnoux, F., Bertuzzi, M., Naquet, P., Leserman, L., Schmitt‐Verhulst, A., & Auphan‐Anezin, N. (2015) · OncoImmunology · doi:10.4161/2162402x.2014.974959 · Cited by 25
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“It is however, unable to present antigens and are poor defenders against pathogens (Mantovani et al., 2005, 2009; Cassol et al., 2010; Benoit et al., 2008).”

Authors: Mantovani, Sica, & Locati, M.
Affiliations: University of Milan (IT)
Corresponding author: Mantovani,, Alberto
ORCID: Mantovani,, Alberto
Sica,, Antonio
Locati, Massimo
Venue: Immunity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-10
Volume: 23
Issue: 4
Pages: 344-346
ISSN: 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2005.10.001
OpenAlex: W1986736465
Cited by: 1,259
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 41 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 85 · 2013: 89 · 2012: 80
FWCI: 9.96
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 2846 d)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Immunity (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca
Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro
European Commission
Ministero della Salute
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords: macrophage polarization, M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, mononuclear phagocytes, macrophage plasticity
MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation, Macrophages

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Macrophage Polarization Comes of Age

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