Comparing methods for measuring peak look duration: Are individual differences observed on screen-based tasks also found in more ecologically valid contexts?

Wass, Sam V.

doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.04.007

Cited by 32Child and Animal Learning DevelopmentVisual Attention and Saliency DetectionMind wandering and attention

Comparing methods for measuring peak look duration: Are individual differences observed on screen-based tasks also found in more ecologically valid contexts?

Open access

Wass, Sam V.·2014·Infant Behavior and Development

DOI 10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.04.007PMC PMC4103485

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Convergent research points to the importance of studying the ontogenesis of sustained attention during the early years of life, but little research hitherto has compared and contrasted different techniques available for measuring sustained attention. Here, we compare methods that have been used to assess one parameter of sustained attention, namely infants' peak look duration to novel stimuli. Our focus was to assess whether individual differences in peak look duration are stable across different measurement techniques. In a single cohort of 42 typically developing 11-month-old infants we assessed peak look duration using six different measurement paradigms (four screen-based, two naturalistic). Zero-order correlations suggested that individual differences in peak look duration were stable across all four screen-based paradigms, but no correlations were found between peak look durations observed on the screen-based and the naturalistic paradigms. A factor analysis conducted on the dependent variable of peak look duration identified two factors. All four screen-based tasks loaded onto the first factor, but the two naturalistic tasks did not relate, and mapped onto a different factor. Our results question how individual differences observed on screen-based tasks manifest in more ecologically valid contexts.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.04.007

Cites

65 of 65 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

In typical development, individual differences in peak look duration are stable across different screen-based paradigms.
“In typical development, individual differences in peak look duration are relatively reliable, show robust relations to long-term cognitive outcomes [29], and are stable across different screen-based paradigms [30].”
From Reduced engagement with social stimuli in 6-month-old infants with later autism spectrum disorder: a longitudinal prospective study of infants at high familial risk (2016) · cites this paper as [30]
The duration of individual looks during a habituation paradigm is influenced not only by sustained attention but also by the speed at which infants encode the stimulus.
“The duration of individual looks during a habituation paradigm is influenced not only by sustained attention but also by the speed at which infants encode the stimulus [30, 49].”
From Reduced engagement with social stimuli in 6-month-old infants with later autism spectrum disorder: a longitudinal prospective study of infants at high familial risk (2016) · cites this paper as [30]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Multivariate Data Analysis.
Herne, H., Cooley, W. W., & Lohnes, P. R. (1973) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General) · doi:10.2307/2344428 · Cited by 35,801 · see citing works
Multivariate Data Analysis
Einax, J. W., Zwanziger, H. W., & Geiß, S. (1997) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/352760216x.ch5 · Cited by 18,779 · see citing works
Skill formation and the economics of investing in disadvantaged children
Heckman, J. J. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1128898 · Cited by 3,559 · see citing works
Relating effortful control, executive function, and false belief understanding to emerging math and literacy ability in kindergarten.
Blair, C., & Razza, R. P. (2007) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01019.x · Cited by 3,140 · see citing works
Relation of sample size to the stability of component patterns.
Guadagnoli, E., & Velicer, W. F. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.265 · Cited by 2,880 · see citing works
Perception and the conditioned reflex
Granger, G. W. (1964) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(64)90061-0 · Cited by 2,216 · see citing works
Perception and the Conditioned Reflex
Hay, J. C., & Sokolov, Y. N. (1966) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1420734 · Cited by 2,122 · see citing works
Development itself is the key to understanding developmental disorders
Karmiloff-Smith, A. (1998) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(98)01230-3 · Cited by 1,299 · see citing works
Role of locus coeruleus in attention and behavioral flexibility
Aston-Jones, G., Rajkowski, J., & Cohen, J. (1999) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00140-7 · Cited by 900 · see citing works
The Development of Executive Attention: Contributions to the Emergence of Self-Regulation
Rueda, M. R., Posner, M. I., & Rothbart, M. K. (2005) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1207/s15326942dn2802_2 · Cited by 813 · see citing works
Measuring visual clutter
Rosenholtz, R. E., Li, Y., & Nakano, L. (2007) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/7.2.17 · Cited by 805 · see citing works
The development of cognitive skills and gains in academic school readiness for children from low-income families.
Welsh, J. A., Nix, R. L., Blair, C., Bierman, K. L., & Nelson, K. E. (2010) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016738 · Cited by 775 · see citing works
Developing Mechanisms of Temperamental Effortful Control
Rothbart, M. K., Ellis, L., Rueda, M. R., & Posner, M. I. (2003) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/1467-6494.7106009 · Cited by 624 · see citing works
Development of infants’ attention to faces during the first year
Frank, M. C., Vul, E., & Johnson, S. P. (2008) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2008.11.010 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Children's Conscience and Self‐Regulation
Kochanska, G., & Aksan, N. S. (2006) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00421.x · Cited by 345 · see citing works
A Meta-Analysis of Infant Habituation and Recognition Memory Performance as Predictors of Later IQ
McCall, R. B., & Carriger, M. S. (1993) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb02895.x · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Infant Cognition: Predicting Later Intellectual Functioning
Colombo, J. A. (1993) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483326481 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Heart Rate Variability During Attention Phases in Young Infants
Richards, J. E., & Casey, B. J. (1991) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1991.tb03385.x · Cited by 258 · see citing works
A Meta-Analysis of Infant Habituation and Recognition Memory Performance as Predictors of Later IQ
McCall, R. B., & Carriger, M. S. (1993) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131437 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Infants' Attention to Patterned Stimuli: Developmental Change From 3 to 12 Months of Age
Courage, M. L., Reynolds, G. D., & Richards, J. E. (2006) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00897.x · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Attention-Getting and Attention-Holding Processes of Infant Visual Preferences
Cohen, L. B. (1972) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1127638 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
ATTENTION-GETTING AND ATTENTION-HOLDING PROCESSES OF INFANT VISUAL PREFERENCES
Cohen, L. B. (1972) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1972.tb02041.x · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Eye tracking studies of normative and atypical development
Karatekin, C. (2007) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2007.06.006 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
The emergence and basis of endogenous attention in infancy and early childhood
Colombo, J., & Cheatham, C. L. (2006) · Advances in Child Development and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-2407(06)80010-8 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Infant visual habituation
Colombo, J., & Mitchell, D. W. (2009) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2008.06.002 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Training attentional control and working memory – Is younger, better?
Wass, S. V., Scerif, G., & Johnson, M. H. (2012) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2012.07.001 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Self-citation
Training Attentional Control in Infancy
Wass, S. V., Porayska‐Pomsta, K., & Johnson, M. H. (2011) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.08.004 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Self-citation
Studies of attention in the human infant.
Kagan, J., & Lewis, M. (1965) · Merrill-palmer Quarterly · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Habituation and Maternal Encouragement of Attention in Infancy as Predictors of Toddler Language, Play, and Representational Competence
Tamis‐LeMonda, C. S., & Bornstein, M. H. (1989) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1989.tb02754.x · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Habituation and Maternal Encouragement of Attention in Infancy as Predictors of Toddler Language, Play, and Representational Competence
Tamis‐LeMonda, C. S., & Bornstein, M. H. (1989) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130739 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Infant visual recognition memory: Independent contributions of speed and attention.
Rose, S. A., Feldman, J. F., & Jankowski, J. J. (2003) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.39.3.563 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Individual and Developmental Differences in Disengagement of Fixation in Early Infancy
Frick, J. E., Colombo, J. A., & Saxon, T. F. (1999) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00039 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Executive attention and self-regulation in infancy
Sheese, B. E., Rothbart, M. K., Posner, M. I., White, L. K., & Fraundorf, S. H. (2008) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2008.02.001 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Visual Fixation Durations and Saccade Amplitudes: Shifting Relationship in a Variety of Conditions
Pannasch, S., Helmert, J. R., Roth, K., Herbold, A., & Walter, H. (2008) · Journal of Eye Movement Research · doi:10.16910/jemr.2.2.4 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Processing speed in the 1st year of life: A longitudinal study of preterm and full-term infants.
Rose, S. A., Feldman, J. F., & Jankowski, J. J. (2002) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037//0012-1649.38.6.895 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Processing speed in the 1st year of life: A longitudinal study of preterm and full-term infants.
Rose, S. A., Feldman, J. F., & Jankowski, J. J. (2002) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.6.895 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
The development of attention to simple and complex visual stimuli in infants: Behavioral and psychophysiological measures
Richards, J. E. (2010) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2010.03.005 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Video comprehensibility and attention in very young children.
Pempek, T. A., Kirkorian, H. L., Richards, J. E., Anderson, D. R., Lund, A. F., & Stevens, M. (2010) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0020614 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
A cognitive cascade in infancy: Pathways from prematurity to later mental development
Rose, S. A., Feldman, J. F., Jankowski, J. J., & Rossem, R. V. (2007) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2007.07.003 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The Development of Attention and Its Relations to Language in Infancy and Toddlerhood
Kannass, K. N., & Oakes, L. M. (2008) · Journal of Cognition and Development · doi:10.1080/15248370802022696 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Sustained attention and age predict inhibitory control during early childhood
Reck, S. G., & Hund, A. M. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2010.07.010 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Extended Visual Fixation in the Early Preschool Years: Look Duration, Heart Rate Changes, and Attentional Inertia
Richards, J. E., & Cronise, K. (2000) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00170 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
How are eye fixation durations controlled during scene viewing? Further evidence from a scene onset delay paradigm
Henderson, J. M., & Smith, T. J. (2009) · Visual Cognition · doi:10.1080/13506280802685552 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Attentional Inertia Reduces Distractibility during Young Children's TV Viewing
Anderson, D. R., Choi, H. P., & Lorch, E. P. (1987) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1987.tb01420.x · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Individual Differences in Infant Oculomotor Behavior During the Viewing of Complex Naturalistic Scenes
Wass, S. V., & Smith, T. J. (2014) · Infancy · doi:10.1111/infa.12049 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citation
Attentional inertia in children's extended looking at television
Richards, J. E., & Anderson, D. R. (2004) · Advances in child development and behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-2407(04)80007-7 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Developmental Changes in Infant Attention to Dynamic and Static Stimuli
Shaddy, D. J., & Colombo, J. A. (2004) · Infancy · doi:10.1207/s15327078in0503_6 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Attentional Inertia Reduces Distractibility during Young Children's TV Viewing
Anderson, D. R., Choi, H. P., & Lorch, E. P. (1987) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130217 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Brain norepinephrine : neurobiology and therapeutics
Ordway, G. A., Schwartz, M., & Frazer, A. (2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · Cited by 76 · see citing works
The ontogeny of autonomic measures in 6‐ and 12‐month‐old infants
Alkon, A., Lippert, S. C., Davis, N. V., Rodriquez, M. E., Boyce, W. T., & Eskenazi, B. (2006) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.20129 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
How Infants View Natural Scenes Gathered From a Head‐Mounted Camera
Aslin, R. Ν. (2009) · Optometry and Vision Science · doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e3181a76e96 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Difficulties in Comprehending Causal Relations Among Children With ADHD: The Role of Cognitive Engagement.
Lorch, E. P., Eastham, D., Milich, R. S., Lemberger, C. C., Sanchez, R. P., Welsh, R. J., & van den Broek, P. (2004) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.113.1.56 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
The building blocks of cognition
Rose, S. A., Feldman, J. F., & Jankowski, J. J. (2003) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1067/s0022-3476(03)00402-5 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Infants' Transitions toward Adult-Like Scanning
Bronson, G. W. (1994) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131497 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Infants' Transitions toward Adult-like Scanning
Bronson, G. W. (1994) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00815.x · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The locus coeruleus and regulation of behavioral flexibility and attention: clinical implications
Aston‐Jones, G., Iba, M., Clayton, E. C., Rajkowski, J., & Cohen, J. D. (2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511544156.008 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Dimensions of cognition in infancy
ROSE, S. (2004) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2004.01.004 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Micro-analysis of infant looking in a naturalistic social setting: insights from biologically based models of attention
de Barbaro, K., Chiba, A., & Deák, G. O. (2011) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01066.x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The structure of infant cognition at 1 year
Rose, S. A., Feldman, J. F., & Jankowski, J. J. (2005) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2004.11.002 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Developmental Aspects of Sustained Attention among 2- to 6-year-old Children
Sarid, M., & Breznitz, Z. (1997) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1080/016502597384884 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Habituation Rate and Free Exploration Tempo in 4-Month-Old Infants
Pêcheux, M., & Lécuyer, R. (1983) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/016502548300600103 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Infant Perception and Cognition
Colombo, J. A., Brez, C. C., & Curtindale, L. M. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop206003 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Attentional focus moderates habituation–language relationships: slow habituation may be a good thing
Dixon, W. E., & Smith, P. H. (2008) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.490 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Infant Attention, Arousal, and the Brain
Richards, J. E. (2010) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195366709.003.0002 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Motor development during the first 6 months: the case of Brazilian infants
Santos, D. C. C., Gabbard, C. P., & Gonçalves, V. M. G. (2000) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/1522-7219(200009)9:3 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Wass S.V. Gaze-contingent concentration training for infants 2011 University of London Birkbeck (unpublished Ph.D. Thesis)
Wass S.V. Smith T.J. Oculomotor behaviour during naturalistic orienting: relation to individual differences in infancy Infancy 2014 PMC4286103 25635173

Sorted by citations

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline
Holmqvist, K., Örbom, S. L., Hooge, I. T. C., Niehorster, D. C., Alexander, R. G., Andersson, R., Benjamins, J. S., Blignaut, P. J., Brouwer, A.-M., Chuang, L. L., et al. (2022) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Retracted
Reduced engagement with social stimuli in 6-month-old infants with later autism spectrum disorder: a longitudinal prospective study of infants at high familial risk
Jones, E. J. H., Venema, K., Earl, R., Lowy, R., Barnes, K., Estes, A., Dawson, G., & Webb, S. J. (2016) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9139-8 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
“In typical development, individual differences in peak look duration are relatively reliable, show robust relations to long-term cognitive outcomes [29], and are stable across different screen-based paradigms [30].”
Background
Parental neural responsivity to infants’ visual attention: How mature brains influence immature brains during social interaction
Wass, S. V., Noreika, V., Georgieva, S., Clackson, K., Brightman, L., Nutbrown, R., Santamaria, L., & Leong, V. (2018) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2006328 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Self-citation
Developmental change in look durations predicts later effortful control in toddlers at familial risk for ASD
the BASIS Team, Hendry, A. J., Jones, E. J. H., Bedford, R., Gliga, T., Charman, T., & Johnson, M. H. (2018) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/s11689-017-9219-4 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Infants' visual sustained attention is higher during joint play than solo play: is this due to increased endogenous attention control or exogenous stimulus capture?
Wass, S. V., Clackson, K., Georgieva, S., Brightman, L., Nutbrown, R., & Leong, V. (2018) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12667 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citation
Longitudinal touchscreen use across early development is associated with faster exogenous and reduced endogenous attention control
Portugal, A. M., Bedford, R., Cheung, C. H. M., Mason, L., & Smith, T. J. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81775-7 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Look duration at the face as a developmental endophenotype: elucidating pathways to autism and ADHD
Gui, A., Mason, L., Gliga, T., Hendry, A. J., Ali, J. B., Pasco, G., Shephard, E., Curtis, C. J. C., Charman, T., Johnson, M. H., et al. (2020) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579420000930 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Development of Quantitative Thinking Across Correlated Dimensions
Mix, K. S., Levine, S. C., & Newcombe, N. S. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801637-4.00001-9 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Training Basic Visual Attention Leads to Changes in Responsiveness to Social-Communicative Cues in 9-Month-Olds
Forssman, L., & Wass, S. V. (2017) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12812 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citation
Behavioural Measures of Infant Activity but Not Attention Associate with Later Preschool ADHD Traits
Goodwin, A., Hendry, A. J., Mason, L., Bazelmans, T., Ali, J. B., Pasco, G., Charman, T., Jones, E. J. H., Johnson, M. H., & The BASIS/STAARS Team (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11050524 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
When and where do infants follow gaze?
Deák, G. O. (2015) · IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL) · doi:10.1109/devlrn.2015.7346138 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Chaotic home environment is associated with reduced infant processing speed under high task demands
Tomalski, P., Marczuk, K., Pisula, E., Malinowska, A., Kawa, R., & Niedźwiecka, A. (2017) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.04.007 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The use of gaze to study cognition: limitations, solutions, and applications to animal welfare
Wilson, V. A. D., Bethell, E., & Nawroth, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1147278 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
New meanings of thin-skinned: The contrasting attentional profiles of typical 12-month-olds who show high, and low, stress reactivity.
Wass, S. V., de Barbaro, K., Clackson, K., & Leong, V. (2018) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000428 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citation
Infant sustained attention differs by context and social content in the first 2 years of life
Bradshaw, J. L., Fu, X., & Richards, J. E. (2024) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.13500 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Stress reactivity speeds basic encoding processes in infants
de Barbaro, K., Clackson, K., & Wass, S. V. (2016) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.21399 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
In infancy, it’s the extremes of arousal that are ‘sticky’: Naturalistic data challenge purely homeostatic approaches to studying self‐regulation
Wass, S. V., Smith, C. G., Clackson, K., & Mirza, F. U. (2020) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.13059 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
Real-time monitoring of infant theta power during naturalistic social experiences
Throm, E. V., Gui, A., Haartsen, R., da Costa, P. F., Leech, R., & Jones, E. J. H. (2023) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101300 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Foraging and inertia: Understanding the developmental dynamics of overt visual attention
Wass, S. V., Amadó, M. P., Northrop, T., Haresign, I. M., & Phillips, E. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105991 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
Physiological stress, sustained attention and cognitive engagement in 12-month-old infants from urban environments.Preprint
Wass, S. V., Smith, C. G., Stubbs, L., Clackson, K., & Mirza, F. U. (2019) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/7nv34 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
The neural and physiological substrates of real-world attention change across development.Preprint
Amadó, M. P., Greenwood, E., James, Labendzki, P., Haresign, I. M., Northrop, T., Phillips, E., Viswanathan, N. K., Whitehorn, M., Jones, E. J. H., et al. (2023) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/6z27a · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
The neural and physiological substrates of real-world attention change across development.Preprint
Amadó, M. P., Greenwood, E., Ives, J., Labendzki, P., Haresign, I. M., Northrop, T., Phillips, E., Viswanathan, N. K., Whitehorn, M., Jones, E. J. H., et al. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.92171.1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
Developmental Psychology: How Social Context Influences Infants’ Attention
Wass, S. V., & Leong, V. (2016) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.051 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
The neural and physiological substrates of real-world attention change across development.Preprint
Amadó, M. P., Greenwood, E., Ives, J., Labendzki, P., Haresign, I. M., Northrop, T., Phillips, E., Viswanathan, N. K., Whitehorn, M., Jones, E. J. H., et al. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.92171 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
The neural and physiological substrates of real-world attention change across development.Preprint
Amadó, M. P., Greenwood, E., Ives, J., Labendzki, P., Haresign, I. M., Northrop, T., Phillips, E., Viswanathan, N. K., Whitehorn, M., Jones, E. J. H., et al. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.92171.2 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
Automated Infant Eye Tracking: A Systematic Historical Review
Nyström, P., Ziavras, A. N., Makashvili, T., Juslin, A., Lehtonen, V., Riis, A., & Gredebäck, G. (2025) · Infancy · doi:10.1111/infa.70031 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Attention control in preterm and term 5‐month‐old infants: Cross‐task stability increases with gestational age
Perra, O., Winstanley, A., Sperotto, R., & Gattis, M. (2024) · Infancy · doi:10.1111/infa.12574 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Bidirectional Mechanisms rather than Alternatives: The Role of Sustained Attention in Interactive Contexts Can Only Be Understood through Joint Attention
Phillips, E., & Wass, S. V. (2021) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000515869 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
From salience to semantics: multilevel hierarchical contingencies organise parent-infant joint attentionPreprint
Labendzki, P., Amadó, M. P., Viswanathan, N. K., Northrop, T., Ives, J., Lancaster, K., Greenwood, E., Esposito, G., Phillips, E., Jones, E. J. H., et al. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.109024.1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Attention and Self-regulation in Infancy and Toddlerhood : The Early Development of Executive Functions and Effortful Control
Johansson, M. (2015) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Neural bases of sustained attention during naturalistic parent-infant interactions
Serino, G., Dopierała, A. A. W., Shen, C., Denis Mareschal, B., Scerif, G., Kirkham, N. Z., & Emberson, L. L. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-22534-w
From salience to semantics: multilevel hierarchical contingencies organise parent-infant joint attentionPreprint
Labendzki, P., Amadó, M. P., Viswanathan, N. K., Northrop, T., Ives, J., Lancaster, K., Greenwood, E., Esposito, G., Phillips, E., Jones, E. J. H., et al. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.109024
Self-citation

Infant sustained attention differs by context and social content in the first 2 years of life
Bradshaw, J. L., Fu, X., & Richards, J. E. (2024) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.13500 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Covariation and Synchronicity of Sustained Attention Measures in Infancy
Neo, W. S. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.25394/pgs.13322279
Individual differences in 3.5-month-olds’ visual attention: what do they predict at 1 year?
Courage, M. L., Howe, M. L., & Squires, S. E. (2003) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2003.05.004 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Individual differences in infants' recognition of briefly presented visual stimuli
Frick, J. E., & Richards, J. E. (1998) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/s0163-6383(98)91630-7 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cross‐Task Stability in Infant Attention: New Perspectives Using the Still‐Face Procedure
Abelkop, B. S., & Frick, J. E. (2003) · Infancy · doi:10.1207/s15327078in0404_09 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Authors: Wass, S. V.
Affiliations: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit (GB)
Corresponding author: Wass, Sam V.
ORCID: Wass, Sam V.
Venue: Infant Behavior and Development
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-08
Volume: 37
Issue: 3
Pages: 315-325
ISSN: 0163-6383 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.04.007
PMC: PMC4103485
OpenAlex: W2070189916
Cited by: 32
References: 62
Citations by year: 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2
FWCI: 6.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (vor)
Locations: Infant Behavior and Development (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: British Academy
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
Keywords: sustained attention, individual differences, infants, measurement validity, naturalistic observation, ecologically valid assessment, attention development, typically developing infants
MeSH terms: Attention, Child Development, Computer Graphics, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Individuality, Infant, Male, Psychological Tests, Visual Perception, Infant Behavior

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Comparing methods for measuring peak look duration: Are individual differences observed on screen-based tasks also found in more ecologically valid contexts?

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks