Maternal Psychopathology and Infant Development at 18 Months: The Impact of Maternal Personality Disorder and Depression
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Objective No previous longitudinal study has examined the impact of comorbid maternal personality disorder (PD) and depression on child development. We set out to examine whether maternal PD and depression assessed at 2 months post partum would be independently associated with adverse developmental outcomes at 18 months of age.Method Women were recruited into the study shortly after delivery and screened for depression and PD. Those meeting criteria for depression, PD, or both conditions, were selected for assessment at 2 months post partum, together with a comparison group with neither condition (total sample, N = 200). Assessments of cognitive, social and emotional development were conducted with their children at 18 months of age.Results Maternal postpartum depression and PD were both associated with higher levels of dysregulated infant behavior. There was a significant interaction between depression and PD in the model of dysregulated behavior and the detrimental effects of maternal depression and PD were evident only among mothers with both conditions. Maternal depression was independently associated with impaired infant cognitive scores and higher levels of internalizing behavior.Conclusions Future studies of the effects of maternal depression should also take into account the effects of comorbid maternal PD. Health professionals need to be aware of the possible co-occurrence of PD among mothers presenting with postnatal depression and that mothers with these co-occurring disorders are likely to require greater support.
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Maternal PPD has a detrimental effect on dysregulated behavior in infants only when PPD is associated with a comorbid personality disorder.
“Another study showed a detrimental effect of maternal PPD on dysregulated behavior in infants only when PPD was associated with a comorbid personality disorder.133”
From Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes (2019) · cites this paper as [133]
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- Authors
- Conroy, S., Pariante, C. M., Marks, M. N., Davies, H. A., Farrelly, S., Schacht, R., & Moran, P.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Conroy, Susan
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 51-61
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2133473033
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 5.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Nuffield Foundation
- Lullaby Trust
- Menzies Centre for Australian Studies, King's College London, University of London
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- maternal depression, postpartum depression, comorbidities, infant development, infant cognitive development, internalizing problems, emotional dysregulation, postpartum mental health, mother-infant relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Child Development, Cognition, Emotions, Female, Humans, Infant, Longitudinal Studies, Mother-Child Relations, Mothers, Neuropsychological Tests, Personality Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Social Behavior, Comorbidity, Infant Behavior, Depression, Postpartum, Postpartum Period
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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