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Evaluating the unique contribution of intolerance of uncertainty relative to other cognitive vulnerability factors in anxiety psychopathology
Abstract
Background Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a cognitive vulnerability factor associated with a wide range of anxiety psychopathology. Other cognitive vulnerabilities such as anxiety sensitivity (AS), distress tolerance (DT), and discomfort intolerance (DI) have also been investigated as constructs of interest across anxiety disorders. As researchers increasingly uncover viable transdiagnostic vulnerabilities to anxiety, it becomes important to determine the degree of overlap between these constructs.Methods The present studies examined the unique relationships between IU, other vulnerability factors (AS, DT, and DI) and social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and worry symptoms across two nonclinical samples (n=217, n=241).Results Findings were highly consistent across samples. IU was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms in all analyses, even when accounting for other transdiagnostic risk variables. Anxiety sensitivity, was uniquely related to social anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in all analyses, but was related to worry in only one study. Distress tolerance was only uniquely associated with worry. Discomfort intolerance was not uniquely related to the anxiety symptoms in any analyses.Limitations Future research should attempt to replicate the findings in a clinical population and utilize a longitudinal design.Conclusions The robust and incremental relationships between IU and anxiety symptoms suggests the potential benefit of targeting IU in the context of transdiagnostic anxiety treatments.
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“Research corroborates this idea, as individual differences in IU have been related to symptoms of anxiety disorders in non-clinical (Norr et al., 2013) and clinical samples (McEvoy & Mahoney, 2011), even when controlling for other vulnerability factors such as neuroticism (McEvoy & Mahoney, 2011), anxiety sensitivity (Boelen & Reijntjes, 2009), and negative affect (Norr et al., 2013).”
From Responding to uncertain threat: A potential mediator for the effect of mindfulness on anxiety (2021) · cites this paper as Norr et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“As a result, such individuals may engage in maladaptive behaviours such as cognitive and behavioural avoidance that serve the goal of reducing uncertainty (Norr et al., 2013).”
From Responding to uncertain threat: A potential mediator for the effect of mindfulness on anxiety (2021) · cites this paper as Norr et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“Consequently, IU is thought to be a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor for anxiety psychopathology.”
From Responding to uncertain threat: A potential mediator for the effect of mindfulness on anxiety (2021) · cites this paper as Norr et al., 2013
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Metadata
- Authors
- Norr, A. M., Oglesby, M. E., Capron, D. W., Raines, A. M., Korte, K. J., & Schmidt, N. B.
- Affiliations
- Florida State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schmidt, Norman B.
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 151
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 136-142
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1975785337
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 14.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive vulnerability, anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, transdiagnostic risk factors, social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, worry, anxiety disorders, non-clinical sample
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychological Tests, Psychopathology, Risk Factors, Stress, Psychological, Uncertainty, Young Adult
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