CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 280Treatment of Major DepressionAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Treatment and Access

Gender differences in major depressive disorder: results from the Netherlands study of depression and anxiety

Schuch, Jérôme J.J., Roest, Annelieke M., Nolen, Willem A., Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., de Jonge, Peter·2014·Journal of Affective Disorders
DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.011
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Although an overall gender difference in prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been well established, several questions concerning gender differences in the clinical manifestation of depression remain. This study aims to identify gender differences in psychopathology, treatment, and public health consequences in patients with MDD.Methods Baseline data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) were used, including 1115 participants (364 men, 751 women, mean age 41 years) with a DSM-IV diagnosis of current MDD. Characteristics studied included symptom profiles, comorbidity, treatment, and public health consequences.Results Women reported a younger age of onset of single (27.8 years vs. 31.6 years; p=0.001) and recurrent MDD (24.8 years vs. 27.6 years; p=0.014), a higher comorbidity of panic disorder with agoraphobia (24.9% vs. 17.3%; p=0.006) and life-time overall anxiety disorder (77.6% vs. 71.4%; p=0.029) than men. More men than women suffered from comorbid alcohol dependence or abuse (48.1% vs. 24.5%; p<0.001). An increased prevalence of atypical depression in women (24.6% vs. 17.3%; p=0.009) was found. Women were treated more frequently by an alternative caretaker (20.6% vs. 14.8%; p=0.025), men more often in mental health care organizations (61.0% vs. 53.7%; p=0.025). No gender differences in frequency of medication use or counseling were found.Limitations Cross sectional design.Conclusions Main gender differences in the clinical presentation of MDD concerned a younger age of onset, higher anxiety and lower alcohol use comorbidity and higher prevalence of atypical depression in women. These differences were accompanied by differences in health care use.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.011

Cites

55 of 55 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Schuch, J. J. J., Roest, A. M., Nolen, W. A., Penninx, B. W. J. H., & de Jonge, P.
Affiliations
University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
Corresponding author
Schuch, Jérôme J.J.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Affective Disorders
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-03
Volume
156
Pages
156-163
ISSN
0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.011
OpenAlex
W2078820641
Cited by
280
References
55
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1
FWCI
12.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
major depressive disorder, gender differences, age of onset, recurrent depression, panic disorder with agoraphobia, anxiety comorbidity, alcoholism, atypical depression, mental health service utilization, NESDA
MeSH terms
Adult, Alcoholism, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Employment, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Sex Factors, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Age of Onset, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review