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Cited by 34Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyBipolar Disorder and Treatment

Suicide attempts and emotion regulation in psychiatric outpatients

Harris, Lauren, Chelminski, Iwona, Dalrymple, Kristy, Morgan, Theresa, Zimmerman, Mark·2018·Journal of Affective Disorders
DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.054
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Abstract

Background Suicidal behavior has been associated with maladaptive strategies for emotion regulation; however, limited research has explored this association after controlling for diagnosis. This study aims to explore this connection across diagnoses. We hypothesized that patients who reported greater difficulty with emotion regulation would be more likely to have made suicide attempts.Method Participants included 1046 psychiatric outpatients. Diagnoses and information about suicide history were determined using semi-structured interviews. Patients also completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between emotion regulation difficulties and lifetime suicide attempts.Results Emotion regulation difficulties did not independently predict suicidal behavior. After controlling for the contribution of emotion dysregulation on lifetime suicide attempts, diagnoses of borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder were the only disorders independently associated with a history of suicidal behavior.Limitations The generalizability of our findings may be limited based on the sample's demographic characteristics and low base rate of suicide attempts. This study was cross-sectional in nature; therefore, the predictive capacity of either DERS scores or psychiatric diagnoses in terms of future suicidal behavior could not be determined.Conclusions The independent effect of emotion dysregulation on suicidal behavior was negated after controlling for psychiatric diagnosis. Individuals with certain disorders tend to make suicide attempts for reasons that are distinct from emotion dysregulation, whereas emotion dysregulation may be at the core of suicidality for individuals with other clinical presentations.

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  • In some studies in which a significant association was detected, the introduction of other variables overcame the role of emotional dysregulation, suggesting that suicide attempt may be dependent on other aspects.

    “Moreover, in some of those studies [41,58] in which a significant association was detected, the introduction of other variables overcame the role of emotional dysregulation, suggesting that suicide attempt may be dependent on other aspects.”

    From The Role of Emotion Dysregulation in Understanding Suicide Risk: A Systematic Review of the Literature (2024) · cites this paper as [41]

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Authors
Harris, L., Chelminski, I., Dalrymple, K., Morgan, T., & Zimmerman, M.
Affiliations
Brown University (US)
Corresponding author
Harris, Lauren
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Affective Disorders
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-05
Volume
232
Pages
300-304
ISSN
0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.054
OpenAlex
W2791625326
Cited by
34
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3
FWCI
5.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at Brown Medical School
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Keywords
suicide attempts, emotion regulation, emotional dysregulation, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, psychiatric outpatients, borderline personality disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychiatric diagnosis, suicidality
MeSH terms
Adult, Affective Symptoms, Emotions, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Outpatients, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted

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