Examining the incremental contribution of behavioral inhibition to generalized anxiety disorder relative to other Axis I disorders and cognitive-emotional vulnerabilities
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to investigate the incremental contribution of behavioral inhibition system (BIS) sensitivity to the presence of a current generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) diagnosis relative to other Axis I disorders (e.g., major depression, other anxiety disorders) and cognitive-emotional vulnerabilities (e.g., anxiety sensitivity, emotion dysregulation) previously found to be associated with GAD. Participants were 91 individuals recruited from the local community who completed a diagnostic interview and self-report questionnaires. Consistent with expectations, BIS sensitivity emerged as a significant predictor of current GAD status above and beyond major depression, anxiety disorder diagnoses, anxiety sensitivity, emotion dysregulation, and behavioral activation system sensitivity. However, emotion dysregulation also emerged as a significant predictor of GAD status in the final model. Findings speak to the importance of considering BIS sensitivity in models of the development and maintenance of GAD.
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SAD has been reported in adolescents characterized in childhood as non-inhibited, and BI has been associated with anxiety disorders more generally, not just with SAD.
“Nonetheless, as discussed earlier, the converse has been shown, as SAD has been reported in adolescents characterized in childhood as non-inhibited (Hirshfeld-Becker et al., 2007) and BI has been associated with anxiety disorders more generally, not just with SAD (Maack et al., 2012).”
From Gaining insight into adolescent vulnerability for social anxiety from developmental cognitive neuroscience (2014) · cites this paper as Maack et al., 2012
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- Authors
- Maack, D. J., Tull, M. T., & Gratz, K. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Mississippi (US)
- University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Maack, Danielle J.
- Venue
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-08
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 689-695
- ISSN
- 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071247587
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 4.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- generalized anxiety disorder, anxiety sensitivity, emotional dysregulation, major depressive disorder, Axis I disorders
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affective Symptoms, Anxiety Disorders, Cognition, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Risk Factors, Comorbidity, Self Efficacy, Resilience, Psychological, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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