Self- and other-perceptions of interpersonal problems: Effects of generalized anxiety, social anxiety, and depression
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Despite attention on overlap and distinction between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and major depressive disorder (MDD), interpersonal specificity (distinct, prototypical interpersonal features) between the disorders has been understudied. There is emerging evidence for such specificity (e.g., Erickson et al., 2016), but most studies relied on self-report, and not all studies controlled for shared variance between the disorders, complicating interpretation of findings. The present study extended the literature by examining unique interpersonal correlates of GAD, SAD, and MDD symptoms on self- and informant-report, and how self-informant agreement (both mean-level and correlation) in perception of interpersonal affiliation, dominance, and distress varied as a function of the symptoms. 369 college-aged participants (43% with clinical-level symptoms for at least one of the disorders (GAD, SAD, MDD), 57% non-disordered) and up to three of their significant others rated participants' interpersonal problems (interpersonal behaviors that were difficult to engage in or engaged in excessively). We found evidence for exploitable tendencies in GAD, socially avoidant and nonassertive tendencies in SAD, and coldness in MDD based on self-report, but not on informant-report. Although self-other correlation was positive across outcomes, participants endorsed higher affiliation and interpersonal distress and lower dominance relative to informants. GAD, SAD, and MDD symptoms showed distinct moderating effects on these self-informant discrepancies. GAD symptoms predicted over-endorsing affiliation, SAD predicted under-endorsing dominance and affiliation, and MDD predicted no discrepancies in affiliation and dominance. The results speak to potential differentiation of the disorders based on distinct patterns of self-other discrepancy in interpersonal perceptions.
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There is evidence of discrepancies in self and partner report on interpersonal factors in GAD, which suggests people with GAD may lack insight into interpersonal processes.
“There is evidence of discrepancies in self and partner report on interpersonal factors in GAD, which suggests people with GAD may lack insight into interpersonal processes (e.g. Erickson et al ., 2016; Shin and Newman, 2019).”
From Partner symptom accommodation in generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary examination of correlates with symptoms and cognitive behavioural therapy outcome (2024) · cites this paper as Shin and Newman, 2019
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that higher GAD symptoms predicted greater self-reported affiliation relative to informants’ ratings, and suggests this may reflect a biased interpersonal self-view. The informants were close others, including friends and family, not necessarily partners; the paper therefore does not establish a discrepancy specifically between self- and partner reports. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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- Authors
- Shin, K. E., & Newman, M. G.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shin, Ki Eun
- Venue
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-06
- Volume
- 65
- Pages
- 1-10
- ISSN
- 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6658327
- OpenAlex
- W2940988578
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 6
- FWCI
- 10.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- ScholarSphere (Penn State Libraries) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH115128)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, interpersonal problems, self-other perception, interpersonal dominance, interpersonal distress, social avoidance, coldness, university students
- MeSH terms
- Phobia, Social, Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Social Behavior, Young Adult, Self Report
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