Characteristics of biochar and its application in remediation of contaminated soil
Abstract
Biochar is produced by thermal decomposition of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions (pyrolysis), and it has received attention in soil remediation and waste disposal in recent years. The characteristics of biochar are influenced mainly by the preparation temperature and biomass. Higher pyrolysis temperature often results in the increased surface area and carbonized fraction of biochar leading to high sorption capability for pollutants. Biochars derived from various source materials show different properties of surface area, porosity and the amount of functional groups which are important concerning on the effect of biochar. Biochar has been proved to be effective in improving soil properties and increasing crop biomass. It has also been suggested that it can even enhance crop resistance to disease. Biochar has recently been used to remediate soil with both heavy metal and organic pollutants. The mechanism is electrostatic interaction and precipitation in the case of heavy metal, and the surface adsorption, partition and sequestration in the case of organic contaminants. However, application of biochar in soil has been shown to result in decreased efficacy of pesticides, which indicates a trade-off between the potentially promising effect of biochar on pesticide remediation and its negative effect on pesticide efficacy. While arguments on the effectiveness of biochar appear sound, further research is needed prior to widespread application of biochar in soil remediation.
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Heat treatment reduces volatile carbon, increases fixed carbon, porosity, surface area, and oxidative stability.
“Heat treatment reduces volatile carbon (VC), increases fixed Carbon (FC), porosity, surface area, and oxidative stability [46].”
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- Authors
- Tang, J., Zhu, W., Kookana, R., & Katayama, A.
- Affiliations
- Nankai University (CN)
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
- Nagoya University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Tang, Jingchun
- Venue
- Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 653-659
- ISSN
- 1347-4421 (ISSN-L)
- 1389-1723
- OpenAlex
- W2085418298
- Cited by
- 604
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 2.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Keywords
- biochar, soil remediation, pyrolysis temperature, biomass sources, surface area and porosity, functional groups, heavy metal adsorption, organic pollutant adsorption, pesticide efficacy, crop yield, disease resistance, electrostatic interactions, precipitation chemistry
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Charcoal, Pesticides, Soil, Soil Pollutants, Metals, Heavy, Environmental Restoration and Remediation
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