Impact of biochar application to a mediterranean wheat crop on soil microbial activity and greenhouse gas fluxes
Abstract
Biochar has been recently proposed as a management strategy to improve crop productivity and global warming mitigation. However, the effect of such approach on soil greenhouse gas fluxes is highly uncertain and few data from field experiments are available. In a field trial, cultivated with wheat, biochar was added to the soil (3 or 6 kg m(-2)) in two growing seasons (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) so to monitor the effect of treatments on microbial parameters 3 months and 14 months after char addition. N(2)O, CH(4) and CO(2) fluxes were measured in the field during the first year after char addition. Biochar incorporation into the soil increased soil pH (from 5.2 to 6.7) and the rates of net N mineralization, soil microbial respiration and denitrification activity in the first 3 months, but after 14 months treated and control plots did not differ significantly. No changes in total microbial biomass and net nitrification rate were observed. In char treated plots, soil N(2)O fluxes were from 26% to 79% lower than N(2)O fluxes in control plots, excluding four sampling dates after the last fertilization with urea, when N(2)O emissions were higher in char treated plots. However, due to the high spatial variability, the observed differences were rarely significant. No significant differences of CH(4) fluxes and field soil respiration were observed among different treatments, with just few exceptions. Overall the char treatments showed a minimal impact on microbial parameters and GHG fluxes over the first 14 months after biochar incorporation.
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Biochar addition decreases net N mineralisation.
“decrease net N mineralisation [34,50]”
From A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics (2013) · cites this paper as [50]
Biochar addition causes increased net N mineralisation.
“cause increased net N mineralisation [50]”
From A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics (2013) · cites this paper as [50]
Several studies have shown that addition of biochar to soils can mitigate N2O emissions in situ from soybean and grass ecosystems, following ruminant urine deposition, in wheat plots and during laboratory or greenhouse incubations under various conditions.
“To date, several studies have shown that the addition of biochar to soils can mitigate N2O emissions in situ from soybean and grass ecosystems [48], following ruminant urine deposition [49], in wheat plots [50] and during laboratory or greenhouse incubations under various conditions [8,9,47,51-61]”
From A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics (2013) · cites this paper as [50]
The promotion of net nitrification in natural ecosystems by biochar is due to the liming effects of biochar or the removal of inhibiting substances such as polyphenols or tannins.
“due to the liming effects of biochar or the removal of inhibiting substances such as polyphenols or tannins [50,79,80].”
From A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics (2013) · cites this paper as [50]
Biochar application may have no effect on gross or net nitrification rates in agricultural soils.
“Biochar application may have no effect on gross or net nitrification rates in agricultural soils [50,71]”
From A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics (2013) · cites this paper as [50]
Biochar application promotes net nitrification in natural ecosystems.
“biochar application has been shown to promote net nitrification in natural ecosystems”
From A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics (2013) · cites this paper as [50]
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- Authors
- Castaldi, S., Riondino, M., Baronti, S., Esposito, F. R., Marzaioli, R., Rutigliano, F. A., Vaccari, F. P., & Miglietta, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (IT)
- Istituto di Biometeorologia (IT)
- Fondazione Edmund Mach (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Castaldi, S.
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-11
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1464-1471
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2022863178
- Cited by
- 338
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 23.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Fondazione Edmund Mach) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
- Keywords
- biochar, wheat, soil microbial activity, greenhouse gas fluxes, nitrous oxide emissions, methane flux, soil respiration, soil nitrogen mineralization, denitrification, soil pH, soil microbial biomass, Mediterranean agriculture, climate change mitigation
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Carbon Dioxide, Charcoal, Environmental Monitoring, Fertilizers, Gases, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, Soil Microbiology, Triticum, Greenhouse Effect, Crops, Agricultural
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