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Cited by 15Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchMemory Processes and InfluencesIdentity, Memory, and Therapy

Can an experimental self-efficacy induction through autobiographical recall modulate analogue posttraumatic intrusions?

Krans, Julie, Brown, Adam D., Moulds, Michelle L.·2018·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.07.001
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Abstract

Background and objectives Research has shown a link between self-efficacy appraisals and PTSD symptoms. Less is known about the relation between perceived self-efficacy and specific PTSD symptoms such as intrusions. These two experiments tested the causal relationship between perceived self-efficacy and intrusions from a trauma film.Methods In Experiment I, healthy student participants received a self-efficacy manipulation consisting of the recall of autobiographical memories of success (high self-efficacy condition), failure (low self-efficacy condition) or 'important' memories (control condition). Afterwards, they viewed a trauma film and recorded their intrusions of the film in the following week. In Experiment II the self-efficacy manipulation was given after the film.Results In contrast to expectations, the high self-efficacy condition reported a higher number of intrusions relative to the low self-efficacy condition in both experiments.Limitations The trauma film provides experimental control but precludes generalization to real-life trauma. The effect of the experimental manipulation was small. The control condition also affected mood and confidence.Conclusions The results suggest that the relation between self-efficacy and intrusions development is causal, but not straightforward. Recalling personal memories of success before or after a traumatic event may increase the risk of developing intrusions, at least under some circumstances. Conversely, recalling past failure experiences may be protective, perhaps by preparing the individual for adversity, or prompting them to search for coping strategies that have been successful in the past. Overall, autobiographical recall involves complex processes related to the self that could be useful but need to be more fully understood.

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  • Participants instructed to recall autobiographical memories of success reported fewer intrusive memories of a distressing film in the following week compared to memories of failure, regardless of whether the manipulation was administered before or after film viewing.

    “participants who were instructed to recall autobiographical memories of success (high self-efficacy condition) relative to memories of failure (low self-efficacy condition) reported fewer intrusive memories of a distressing film in the following week, regardless of whether the manipulation was administered before or after film viewing.”

    From Intrusive memories of trauma: A target for research bridging cognitive science and its clinical application (2019) · cites this paper as Krans, Brown, & Moulds, 2018

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Authors
Krans, J., Brown, A. D., & Moulds, M. L.
Affiliations
  • KU Leuven (BE)
  • Sarah Lawrence College (US)
  • UNSW Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author
Krans, Julie
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-03
Volume
58
Pages
1-11
ISSN
0005-7916 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.07.001
OpenAlex
W2738787990
Cited by
15
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
FWCI
1.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lirias (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
  • National Health and Medical Research Council (1004151)
  • Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
  • University of New South Wales
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
Keywords
self-efficacy, autobiographical memory, post-traumatic stress disorder, trauma film
MeSH terms
Psychological Trauma, Achievement, Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mental Recall, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Self Efficacy, Young Adult, Memory, Episodic

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