The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Psychological flexibility and inflexibility as sources of resiliency and risk during a pandemic: Modeling the cascade of COVID-19 stress on family systems with a contextual behavioral science lens
Open accessAbstract
Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and the historic economic shutdown and stay-at-home efforts to slow its spread have radically impacted the lives of families across the world, completely disrupting routines and challenging them to adjust to new health risks as well as to new work and family demands. The current study applied a contextual behavioral science lens to the spillover hypothesis of Family Systems Theory to develop a multi-stage mechanistic model for how COVID-19 stress could impact family and child functioning and how parents' psychological flexibility could shape those processes.Methods A total of 742 coparents (71% female; 84% Caucasian, 85% married, M = 41 years old) of children (ages 5-18, M = 9.4 years old, 50% male) completed an online survey from March 27th to the end of April 2020.Results Path analyses highlighted robust links from parent inflexibility to all components of the model, predicting: greater COVID-19 stress, greater coparenting discord and family discord, greater caustic parenting, and greater parent and child distress. Parent flexibility was associated with greater family cohesion, lower family discord and greater use of constructive parenting strategies (inductive, democratic/autonomy supportive, positive). Results further suggested that COVID-19 stressors predicted greater family and coparent discord, which in turn predicted greater use of caustic parenting (reactive, inconsistent, aggressive), which in turn predicted greater child and parent distress.Conclusions The current results highlight parental flexibility and inflexibility as key points of intervention for helping families navigate the current global health crisis, highlighting the crucial role they play in the lives of families.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“During the pandemic PF has also been found to moderate the relationships between social isolation and depression and anxiety (Smith et al., 2020), COVID-19 risk factors and mental health difficulties (Pakenham et al., 2020), COVID-19 stressors and suicide risk (Crasta et al., 2020) and psychological distress within family systems (Daks et al., 2020).”
From Behind the masks: A cross-sectional study on intolerance of uncertainty, perceived vulnerability to disease and psychological flexibility in relation to state anxiety and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as Daks et al., 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“and a moderating role between the psychological impacts of COVID-19 and mental health outcomes and wellbeing (Chong et al., 2021; Crasta et al., 2020; Daks et al., 2020; Pakenham et al., 2020; Smith et al., 2020).”
From Behind the masks: A cross-sectional study on intolerance of uncertainty, perceived vulnerability to disease and psychological flexibility in relation to state anxiety and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as Daks et al., 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“As stated, caregivers with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress are at higher risk of negative consequences due to COVID-19 and the quarantine (Brooks et al., 2020, Brown et al., 2020, Daks et al., 2020).”
From Brief Transdiagnostic Intervention for Parents With Emotional Disorder Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Example (2021) · cites this paper as Daks et al., 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Some of these identify psychological flexibility, or the ability to act with openness, awareness, and engagement (Hayes et al., 2006) as an important target in the treatment and recovery of those adversely affected”
From Health, well-being, and persisting symptoms in the pandemic: What is the role of psychological flexibility? (2022) · cites this paper as Daks et al., 2020
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · Cited by 44,910
Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30566-3 · Cited by 27,263 · cited 1×
“Given the high lethality of COVID-19 (e.g., Zhou et al., 2020) and its high communicability (e.g., Kucharski et al., 2020), countries and local municipalities have taken drastic steps rarely seen in the last 100 years (i.e., stay at home orders and social distancing policies) to address this public…”
BackgroundAcceptance and commitment therapy: model, processes and outcomes
Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J. B., Bond, F. W., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.006 · Cited by 6,587 · cited 1×
“More specifically, ACT-based interventions have been shown to reduce parental distress among parents of children with autism (Blackledge & Hayes, 2006), to reduce both the use of lax parenting and child behavior problems in families with children with cerebral palsy (Whittingham, Sanders, McKinlay,…”
THE McMASTER FAMILY ASSESSMENT DEVICE*
Epstein, N. B., Baldwin, L. M., & Bishop, D. S. (1983) · Journal of Marital and Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.1983.tb01497.x · Cited by 3,584
Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J. K., Saltzman, H., Thomsen, A. H., & Wadsworth, M. E. (2001) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.87 · Cited by 3,277
Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health
Kashdan, T. B., & Rottenberg, J. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.03.001 · Cited by 3,054
Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: A review and agenda for future research.
Allen, T. D., Herst, D. E. L., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/1076-8998.5.2.278 · Cited by 2,767 · cited 1×
“These links are consistent with studies that have shown how extremely difficult situations can strain family functioning (e.g., Allen et al., 2000; Pedersen & Revenson, 2005), which in turn impacts parenting behaviors (e.g., Krishnakumar & Buehler, 2000), which is ultimately linked to individual…”
Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study
Kucharski, A. J., Russell, T., Diamond, C., Liu, Y., Edmunds, J., Funk, S., Eggo, R. M., Sun, F., Jit, M., Munday, J. D., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30144-4 · Cited by 2,699
Economic Stress, Coercive Family Process, and Developmental Problems of Adolescents
Conger, R. D., Ge, X., Elder, G. H., Lorenz, F. O., & Simons, R. L. (1994) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00768.x · Cited by 2,005
Relational frame theory: a post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition
Barnes‐Holmes, Y., Hayes, S. C., Barnes‐Holmes, D., & Roche, B. T. (2001) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.39-2482 · Cited by 1,975
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–196 of 196
Predictors of Mothers’ Perceived Change in Warm and Punitive Parenting During COVID-19
Çorapçı, F., Yavuz, H. M., & Sümer, N. (2023) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-023-02716-8 · Cited by 5
“Consistent with previous research, COVID-19 stressors were found to predict higher levels of co-parenting discord (Daks et al., 2020; Lucassen et al., 2021) and intimate partner violence (Usher et al., 2020).”
InfluentialGurba, E., Senejko, A., Godawa, G., & Kalus, A. M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18126358 · Cited by 6
“The relatively poor knowledge of the virus, the ease of infection, the speed with which it spreads and the threat to life made this situation a source of stress and even trauma for people of different ages [2,3].”
BackgroundEarly childhood leadership: Risk and protective factors during the COVID-19 pandemic
Neilsen‐Hewett, C., Lindsay, G. M., Warren, J., Tonge, K. L., & Cronin, L. (2022) · Australasian Journal of Early Childhood · doi:10.1177/18369391221103286 · Cited by 5
“Consistent with international studies of COVID leadership (Chen & Bonano, 2020; Daks et al., 2020; Prime et al., 2020), these leaders demonstrated strength, optimism and a sense of calm, while continually adapting and shifting their responses in accordance with child, familial and staff needs.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialWerchan, D. M., Hendrix, C. L., Ablow, J. C., Amstadter, A. B., Austin, A., Babineau, V., Bogat, G. A., Cioffredi, L., Conradt, E., Crowell, S. E., et al. (2021) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-185357/v1 · Cited by 5
Cohen, Z. P., Cosgrove, K. T., DeVille, D. C., Akeman, E., Singh, M. K., White, E. J., Stewart, J. L., Aupperle, R. L., Paulus, M. P., & Kirlić, N. (2020) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/rka2n · Cited by 5
Psikolojik Danışma'nın Psikolojik Esnekliğe Etkisi: Yarı-Deneysel bir Çalışma
TANHAN, A., UĞUR, E., ÇİÇEK, İ., NALBANT, A., & KALENDEROĞLU, A. (2022) · e-International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.19160/e-ijer.1063518 · Cited by 4
Güre, P., Gürmen, M., & Acar, I. (2024) · Journal of Marital & Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/jmft.12739 · Cited by 4
Akat, M., Okur, S., Akbulut, Ö. F., Satıcı, S. A., & Hamarta, E. (2025) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-025-10134-w · Cited by 6
“Low psychological flexibility, characterized by cognitive rigidity and emotional avoidance, may hinder effective communication and conflict resolution within the family [17].”
Zampini, L., Zanchi, P., Riva, P., & Tobia, V. (2022) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2022.2062841 · Cited by 5
“…March 2020, the explosion of the coronavirus-related emergency ( COVID-19 COVID-19 ) in During the last two years, different studies investigated the associations between the COVID-19 related restrictions and parenting stress and disciplinary practices (e.g. Daks et al. 2020, Gassman-Pines et al .”
BackgroundSalehuddin, A. S., King, J., Afifi, T. D., & Afifi, W. A. (2023) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1093/joc/jqad011 · Cited by 3
Çeli̇k, H., Savaş, M., Ödek, Ö., & Zincir, H. (2023) · Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi · doi:10.38108/ouhcd.1016338 · Cited by 3
Johnson, S. L., Rieder, A. D., Rasmussen, J. D., Mansoor, M., Quick, K. N., Proeschold‐Bell, R. J., Coping Together Team, Boone, W. J., & Puffer, E. S. (2024) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-024-01183-z · Cited by 4
“Parents’ psychological flexibility—the tolerance or acceptance of challenging thoughts, feelings, and experiences—was also associated with increased family cohesion and constructive parenting during the pandemic (Daks et al., 2020).”
The impact of Covid-19 on communication and interpersonal relationships
Tillewein, H., Bhuyan, L., & Hille, J. J. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-07055-5 · Cited by 3
“The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic was marked by nations worldwide imposing restrictions on movement and in-person contact to slow the spread of the virus, including mandated quarantines, remote work, and social distancing (Gassman-Pines et al., 2020; Daks et al., 2020; Eales et al., 2021).”
Pusvitasari, P., & Yuliasari, H. (2021) · MOTIVA JURNAL PSIKOLOGI · doi:10.31293/mv.v4i2.5844 · Cited by 3
Impact of Confinement on Coping Strategies and Psychosocial Factors among University Students
Gutiérrez-Lozano, C., García‐Martínez, I., Landa, J. M. A., & León, S. P. (2022) · European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education · doi:10.3390/ejihpe12080067 · Cited by 3
Xu, J., Yue, J.-L., Zhang, T., Wang, Z., Shi, L., Lu, L., & Zhao, X. (2023) · Journal of Family Issues · doi:10.1177/0192513x221150985 · Cited by 3
Kabasakal, H. Z., & Yıldız, F. (2024) · Buca eğitim fakültesi dergisi (Online)/Buca Eğitim Fakültesi dergisi · doi:10.53444/deubefd.1431t6esa55 · Cited by 3
Family Factors Affecting Adolescents’ Happiness During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Wahyuningsih, H., Novitasari, R., & Kusumaningrum, F. A. (2021) · KnE Social Sciences · doi:10.18502/kss.v4i15.8187 · Cited by 2
“The independent variables included in this study were: (1) perceived parentadolescent relationship, (2) perceived parental marital quality, (3) allowance, and (4) sex.”
Longitudinal Distress among Brazilian University Workers during Pandemics
Zibetti, M. R., Serralta, F. B., & Evans, C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18179072 · Cited by 3
“The demands of the pandemic have led to an increase in life–work conflicts, particularly in families with younger children [38], and this variable has been considered a predictor of disagreement and stress in family systems [39].”
BackgroundLappalainen, A.-L., Keinonen, K., Lappalainen, P., Lappalainen, R., Kaipainen, K., Puolakanaho, A., & Kiuru, N. (2025) · Child & Family Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1080/07317107.2024.2437637 · Cited by 3
“Psychological flexibility skills have previously been shown to promote resilience by providing the individual a set of skills they can use to respond to challenges in life (e.g., Daks et al., 2020).”
Family and peer functioning mediate associations between COVID-19 impact and child mental health
Zik, J. B., Hawks, J. L., Ellingson, J. M., Elliotte, E., Penner, A. E., Malaska, C. M., Trujillo, T. H., & Stoddard, J. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-05780-5 · Cited by 2
“The initial phase of COVID-19 has been associated with decreased in-person peer interactions and increased family discord (Daks et al., 2020 ), two factors which are known to broadly influence child mental health (Hossain et al., 2020a; Czyz et al., 2012; Family and peer support are well-known…”
Chong, Y. Y., Yau, P. T., Kwan, J. Y. M., & Chien, W. T. (2024) · European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education · doi:10.3390/ejihpe14110186 · Cited by 4
Li, Q., Shen, X., Tu, Y., Zhou, Z., & Wang, J. (2025) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-025-02170-3 · Cited by 3
“Such parenting approaches may hinder the development of children ’ s mental health and social skills (Daks et al., 2020), and may consequently increase the risk of children engaging in bullying behaviors or becoming victims of peer victimization (Georgiou et al., 2018).”
Vangölü, M. S., & Tanhan, F. (2025) · Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.53444/deubefd.1485339 · Cited by 2
Maqsood, R., Ilyas, U., & Waters, C. S. (2025) · Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology · doi:10.52053/jpap.v6i2.354 · Cited by 2
Moreira, H., Dias, T., & Trindade, I. A. (2025) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100950 · Cited by 2
Self-management of the Dual Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS and Diabetes During COVID-19
Zuñiga, J. A., Cuevas, H. E., Jones, K., Adiele, K., Cebulske, L., Frost, L., Sannigrahi, S., García, A. A., & Heitkemper, E. (2021) · Advances in Nursing Science · doi:10.1097/ans.0000000000000409 · Cited by 2
Ramacciotti, M. C. C., Soares, R. D. S., Sato, J. R., & Gualtieri, M. (2024) · Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1159/000539023 · Cited by 4
Mann, E., Wilson, E., Heys, M., Cameron, C., Rosenthal, D. M., Whitaker, L., Hauari, H., Hollingworth, K., & O'Toole, S. E. (2024) · Discover Social Science and Health · doi:10.1007/s44155-024-00082-4 · Cited by 2
“This global health crisis has become a major social and economic crisis [4] that will have significant consequences for family’s income and employment [5] and well-being [6].”
Relaciones de pareja durante el aislamiento: Parejas que se separaron.
Agostinelli, J. D., Ceberio, M. R., Daverio, R. F., Benedicto, M. G., Wild, C., Baez, N. A., & Deffina, J. T. (2024) · Dialogos Abiertos · doi:10.32654/dialogosabiertos.3-1.1 · Cited by 2
Fortier, J., Salmon, S., Taillieu, T., Stewart-Tufescu, A., MacMillan, H. L., Tonmyr, L., González, A., Kimber, M., Roos, L. E., Sareen, J., et al. (2025) · FACETS · doi:10.1139/facets-2023-0161 · Cited by 3
Han, J., Zhao, Z., & Ren, Z. (2025) · PsyCh Journal · doi:10.1002/pchj.825 · Cited by 2
“Although PF and PI are related constructs (Rogge et al. 2019; Rolffs, Rogge, and Wilson 2018), they are distinct and can change independently (Daks, Peltz, and Rogge 2020).”
Lin, Q., Soejima, T., Zhang, S., & Kitao, M. (2025) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci14050312 · Cited by 2
“Moreover, several studies have indicated co-parenting quality as a crucial protective factor during crises, capable of mitigating the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (Conway and Feinberg 2025; Daks et al. 2020).”
Enfants et adolescents au cours de la crise sanitaire
Purper‐Ouakil, D., & Kerbage, H. (2021) · La Presse Médicale Formation · doi:10.1016/j.lpmfor.2021.06.012 · Cited by 2
Shintyar, A. R., & Widanarko, B. (2021) · PREPOTIF Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat · doi:10.31004/prepotif.v5i2.1954 · Cited by 2
Martinsone, B., Dziedātāja, S., & Stokenberga, I. (2021) · Human, Technologies and Quality of Education · doi:10.22364/htqe.2021.10 · Cited by 2
Figueiredo, S., & Devezas, M. (2021) · Análisis y Modificación de Conducta · doi:10.33776/amc.v47i176.7064 · Cited by 2
Similar minds in the family: COVID ‐19 centrality and relationship quality
Büyükcan-Tetik, A., Aydın, Ç., & Eisma, M. C. (2023) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/pere.12479 · Cited by 2
Nainggolan, E. R. M., & Puspitawati, H. (2023) · Journal of Family Sciences · doi:10.29244/jfs.v8i1.43239 · Cited by 2
“According to Daks, Peltz, and Rogge (2020), during the COVID-19 pandemic, families need psychological flexibility, which is a source of family resilience in facing challenges during the pandemic.”
BackgroundRuga, G. K. (2023) · Journal of Elementary and Secondary School · doi:10.31098/jess.v1i2.1682 · Cited by 2
Introduction to the special issue on COVID-19
Martin, S. C., Rogge, R. D., & Karekla, M. (2021) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.09.005 · Cited by 2
Self-citationLobato, D., Flujas-Contreras, J. M., Montesinos, F., & Montoya-Rodríguez, M. M. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16010082 · Cited by 1
“…in the short term, but the psychological discomfort increases in the long term (S. Hayes et al., 2014), which can cause parental stress and anxiety (Daks et al., 2020; Fonseca et al., 2020), depressive episodes (Biglan et al., 2015), and/or inconsistent or maladaptive habits (Sairanen et al.,…”
Jiao, N., Pituch, K. A., & Petrov, M. E. R. (2024) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae061 · Cited by 1
“COVID-19 pandemic family stress may negatively affect parent–infant interactions [62–64], and parents engage in fewer positive parenting practices [65], which may further shape infant temperamental negative affectivity [62–64].”
BackgroundChild emotional problems: Associations with maternal distress and parenting practices
Xiao, B., Wang, J., Feng, Y., Wang, S., & Li, Y. (2024) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.13099 · Cited by 1
Lim, R. G., Mohamad, F. S., & Voon, S. P. (2025) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100920 · Cited by 1
Hen‐Herbst, L., & Fogel, Y. (2025) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.19587 · Cited by 1
“Furthermore, parental in fl exibility was linked to reduced family cohesion and constructive parenting strategies and increased family discord ( Daks, Peltz & Rogge, 2020 ).”
Arbinaga, F., Vargas, G. A., & Moreno, E. (2025) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.1177/00315125251365290 · Cited by 2
“It can even be asserted that if behaviors indicative of psychological fl exibility is demonstrated by individuals in the environment, the impact of adverse situations on the individual, in this case the referee, is lessened (Daks et al., 2020; Dindo et al., 2019).”
Shnitzer‐Meirovich, S., Aviad, S., Reich, A., Lifshitz, H., & Gur, A. (2025) · Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities · doi:10.1177/15407969251390467 · Cited by 1
“Based on prior literature on parenting under stress (Daks et al., 2020; Eltanamly et al., 2021; Yılmaz et al., 2021), we hypothesized that wartime conditions would be associated with lower PSE, psychological flexibility, and PRF, and that both psychological flexibility and PRF would show positive…”
Parentalidade e saúde física e mental na pandemia da covid-19
de BRITO, A., TERUYA, K., de Souza, M. L. A., & Remor, E. (2021) · Dialética eBooks · doi:10.48021/978-65-5956-026-4c2 · Cited by 1
Health in the context of psychological flexibility and acceptance and commitment therapy
Prokopowicz, A., Stańczykiewicz, B., & Uchmanowicz, I. (2021) · Medical Research Journal · doi:10.5603/mrj.a2021.0032 · Cited by 1
“Similarly, higher PF measures were associated with greater family cohesion and the use of constructive parenting strategies such as inductive, democratic behavior and positive and supportive parenting practices [62].”
BackgroundMaybe I can go back to school in a few weeks'
Gunnarsdóttir, H., Wilson, S., & Enoksen, E. (2022) · Journal of Comparative Social Work · doi:10.31265/jcsw.v17i1.403 · Cited by 1
“Others have noted that the home is not necessarily the safest place for all children (Daks et al., 2020).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialPrasetyo, Y. B., Velinda, C., & Dewi, Y. S. (2024) · Health Problems of Civilization · doi:10.5114/hpc.2024.134772 · Cited by 1
Yates, J., Burke, S. M., Orchard, T. R., & Mantler, T. (2024) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807241232480 · Cited by 2
Exploring the experiences of parents and young children during the COVID-19 outbreak
Işık, E., Cilmeli, E., Özcan, Ö. E., Şişman, Z., & Acar, İ. H. (2024) · Early Years Journal of International Research and Development · doi:10.1080/09575146.2024.2338119 · Cited by 1
“Moreover, mothers with young children were one of the main groups severely affected by the pandemic (Daks, Peltz, and Rogge 2020).”
Optimizing learning comfort: ergonomic influences on children’s transition to online education
Obeidat, M. S., & Saaydeh, D. (2024) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139.2024.2367160 · Cited by 1
“Daks et al. (2020) inspected how depression affected families and children based on an online survey. a total of 742 responses from parents of children of 5–18 year of age were received.”
Identity and Family Formation During Young Adulthood
Waite‐Jones, J. M., & Rodriguez, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88177-0_4 · Cited by 1
Mohan, K. P., Daovisan, H., & Wongpech, W. (2025) · The Journal of Behavioral Science · doi:10.69523/tjbs.2025.283772 · Cited by 1
Cogenitorialità e funzionamento familiare nell'epoca del Covid-19
Santona, A. M. R., Tognasso, G., Porcedda, L., & Gorla, L. (2022) · TERAPIA FAMILIARE · doi:10.3280/tf2022-129008 · Cited by 1
Ketangguhan Keluarga Menghadapi Pandemi COVID 19: Perspektif Psikologi dan Islam
Djamal, N. N., Hidayat, I. N., Tahrir, T., & Jaenudin, U. (2022) · Psikologika Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Psikologi · doi:10.20885/psikologika.vol27.iss2.art3 · Cited by 1
Deng, F., & sun, Z. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3995937 · Cited by 1
Gavazzi, S. M., & Lim, J.-Y. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_455-3 · Cited by 1
Santos, M., Ferraz, A., Bernardo, A. C., Machado, A. M., Evangelista, M., Ribeiro, I., & Pereira, M. G. (2023) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · doi:10.5093/clysa2023a1
زيدان, ح. ا. ع. ا. (2021) · مجلة کلیة التربیة فى العلوم النفسیة · doi:10.21608/jfeps.2021.180060
Buitenhuis, S. D. (2021) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Family Communication on Families with Children with Disabilities
Soedarsono, D. K., Soedarsono, D. K., Ramadhana, M. R., Setyorini, R. H., & Nurrezqia, A. (2022) · Proceedings Of International Conference On Communication Science · doi:10.29303/iccsproceeding.v1i1.9
“This follows the conclusions of previous research on supportive communication in the application of family functions (Daks et al., 2020).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPersepsi Orang Tua Siswa Sekolah Dasar dalam Pembelajaran Daring Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Fitriyani, Y., Septiani, Y., Triarianti, M., & Helmia, A. F. (2022) · DWIJA CENDEKIA Jurnal Riset Pedagogik · doi:10.20961/jdc.v6i1.53268
البراشدية, ح. س. أ. (2022) · Journal of Educational Sciences – Qatar University · doi:10.29117/jes.2022.0075
Recognition, Employment and the Social Crisis in Times of COVID-19 and Beyond
Schweiger, G. (2022) · Studies in global justice · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-97982-9_8
Family experiences during illness outbreaks: A systematic reviewPreprint
Sheen, J. A., Chen, L., Lee, B., Aridas, A., & Reupert, A. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.11.16.22282428
ALTIN, B., & Erden, G. (2022) · Turkish Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5080/u25936
Juric, L. C., Vernucci, S., Andrés, M. L., Flores-Kanter, P. E., Poó, F. M., Avincetto, M. M. Y., del Valle, M. V., López‐Morales, H., & Urquijo, S. (2023) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-023-00285-9
“…as those measures proposed to control the spread of the disease (Hawryluck et al., 2004), could lead to adverse cascade effects on mental health (Daks et al., 2020) due to worries about one’s health and that of loved ones, economic disruption and losses, challenges in meeting basic needs,…”
Nuruddin, N., Muis, A., & Muniron, M. (2023) · QALAMUNA Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial dan Agama · doi:10.37680/qalamuna.v15i1.2340
“Research conducted by Daks states that families will encounter many unexpected things after the pandemic, such as financial pressures, additional parenting burdens, and child care (Daks et al., 2020).”
BackgroundEmerging Social Burdens on Married Working Women in the Health Sector During Covid – 19 Pandemic
Kazan, A., & Al-Saqr, R. A. (2023) · Jordan Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.35516/jjss.v16i3.2204
Xu, J., Lü, L., & Zhao, X. (2024) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807231225218
#ThisIsWhatAnxietyFeelsLike: Twitter Users’ Narratives of the Interpersonal Effects of Anxiety
Russo, R. B., Seedall, R. B., Aller, T. B., & Clark, J. K. (2024) · Contemporary Family Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10591-024-09695-y
“Although in lower levels, anxiety can foster some psychological flexibility and be beneficial (Daks et al., 2020), it can also be disruptive to individuals and relationships.”
Topalian, M., Mir, R. E., Malaeb, D. N., Sakr, F., Dabbous, M., Hallit, S. R., Fekih‐Romdhane, F., & Obeïd, S. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4303437/v1
COVID-19 and Child Adjustment: The role of Coparenting Conflict and Child Temperament
Menéndez, D., Li, Z., Klapper, R. E., Rosengren, K. S., & Sturge‐Apple, M. L. (2024) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-024-02841-y
“Indeed, research has documented a greater prevalence of depressive symptoms (e.g., Xie et al., 2020), anxiety (Duan et al., 2020), worry (Gassman-Pines et al., 2020), and greater distress (Daks et al., 2020) in children during the pandemic.”
Yip, A., Mo, K. Y., Yip, Y., Tsui, Z., Fong, F.-F., & Chu, P.-M. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12242512
“This overwhelming situation posed unique challenges, especially for vulnerable households, including those facing socioeconomic adversity, caregiver mental health struggles, or children with special needs [25,26].”
Behavioral Analysis and Sub-Topic Detection in COVID-19 Data Using Path-Aware Graph Neural Networks
Akiladevi, G., & Murugesan, M. (2024) · International Conference on Innovations in Communications, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICICEC) · doi:10.1109/icicec62498.2024.10808952
Kamalinia, M., Zahrakar, K., & Arabzadeh, M. (2025) · مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک · doi:10.61186/jams.27.6.378
Rethinking Post-COVID-19 Behavioral Science: Old Questions, New Insights
Daovisan, H., Mamom, J., Choowan, P., & Suwanwong, C. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15060831
Development of an Indigenous Psychological Flexibility Scale (PFS) for Parents of Children with ASD
Mazhar, M., & Kausar, N. (2025) · ACADEMIA International Journal for Social Sciences · doi:10.63056/acad.004.03.0514
Association of COVID-19 stimulus receipt and spending with family health
Reese, E. M., Lines, N., Thacker, E. L., & Barnes, M. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0328389
“During the pandemic, researchers found that COVID-19 stressors within families predicted greater family discord – stressors predicted negative parenting techniques and parental conflict, which increased child distress and decreased family cohesion [22,23].”
InfluentialLiu, J., Ma, Y.-W., Liang, H., Hu, Y.-J., Zheng, W., & Chen, H. (2025) · Psycho-Oncologie · doi:10.18282/po3679
Yan, C., Qian, M., & Sun, T. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105997
Cooper, D. J., Evans, H. L., & Collins, M. R. (2022) · International Journal of Social and Psychological Aspects of Healthcare · doi:10.51847/rmo4xngxpk
Mohammed, H. G., & Mohammed, H. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04022-6
“Daks et al. [77] claimed that psychological flexibility improves parent-child interaction.”
Lobato, D., Flujas-Contreras, J. M., Montoya-Rodríguez, M. M., Polín, E., & Montesinos, F. (2026) · Child & Family Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1080/07317107.2026.2640383
“Higher PPF is associated with more adaptive parenting practices, less punitive behavior, lower stress, increased family cohesion, and better child behavioral or emotional outcomes (Daks et al., 2020; Moyer et al., 2018).”
Hare, M. M., Fava, N. M., & Trucco, E. M. (2026) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.108049
Xin, Y., Davis, A. K., Yoon, S., & Lee, M. Y. (2026) · Psychedelic Medicine · doi:10.1177/28314425261448756
Mostardinha, A. F., Sousa, D., Senra, H., Simões, M., Rodrigues, A. P., Vagos, P., & Castelo-Branco, M. S. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1769001 · Cited by 1
Perfectionism and psychological (in)flexibility as predictors of coping strategies in fencers
Arbinaga, F., Durán-Andrada, J., & Ozcorta, E. J. F. (2026) · Acta Gymnica · doi:10.5507/ag.2026.011
西憲, 敬. (2026) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-026-01183-6
Metadata
- Authors
- Daks, J. S., Peltz, J. S., & Rogge, R. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester (US)
- Daemen College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Daks, Jennifer S.
- Venue
- Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-10
- Volume
- 18
- Pages
- 16-27
- ISSN
- 2212-1447 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7428754
- OpenAlex
- W3048447575
- Cited by
- 197
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 13.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2021-07-01)
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- psychological flexibility, COVID-19 pandemic, family systems theory, spillover hypothesis, family conflict, family cohesion, child distress, parental distress, contextual behavioral science, family resilience
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
