Cited by 28Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationMachine Learning in HealthcareArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Artificial intelligence and machine learning: Definition of terms and current concepts in critical care research

Sun, Kai, Roy, Arkajyoti, Tobin, Joshua M.·2024·Journal of Critical Care

Abstract

With increasing computing power, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have prospered, which facilitate the analysis of large datasets, especially those found in critical care. It is important to define these terminologies, to inform a standardized approach to critical care research. This manuscript hopes to clarify these terms with examples from medical literature. Three major components that are required for a successful ML implementation: (i) reliable dataset, (ii) ML algorithm, and (iii) unbiased model evaluation, are discussed. A reliable dataset can be structured or unstructured with limited noise, outliers, and missing values. ML, a subset of AI, is typically focused on supervised or unsupervised learning tasks in which the output is based on inputs and derived from iterative pattern recognition algorithms, while AI is the overall ability of a machine to "think" or mimic human behavior; and to analyze data free from human influence. Even with successful implementation, advanced AI and ML algorithms have faced challenges in adoption into practice, mainly due to their lack of interpretability, which hinders trust, buy-in, and engagement from clinicians. Consequently, traditional algorithms, such as linear and logistic regression, that may have reduced predictive power but are highly interpretable, continue to be widely used.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jcrc.2024.154792

Cites

136 of 136 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • AI has the potential to revolutionize critical care by automating tasks, providing real-time data analysis, and supporting clinical decision-making.

    “Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize critical care by automating tasks, providing real-time data analysis, and supporting clinical decision-making [1].”

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Authors
Sun, K., Roy, A., & Tobin, J. M.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
  • The University of Texas at San Antonio (US)
Corresponding author
Roy, Arkajyoti
Venue
Journal of Critical Care
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2024-08
Volume
82
Pages
154792
ISSN
0883-9441 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4393305526
Cited by
28
References
142
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 5
FWCI
2.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Critical Care (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Machine Learning in Healthcare
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Keywords
artificial intelligence, machine learning, critical care research, terminology definitions, dataset reliability, model evaluation, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, model interpretability, clinical adoption of AI, linear regression, logistic regression
MeSH terms
Machine Learning, Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Critical Care, Humans, Terminology as Topic

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