The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Antiviral Mechanisms of Human Defensins
Open accessAbstract
Defensins are an effector component of the innate immune system with broad antimicrobial activity. Humans express two types of defensins, α- and β-defensins, which have antiviral activity against both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. The diversity of defensin-sensitive viral species reflects a multitude of antiviral mechanisms. These include direct defensin targeting of viral envelopes, glycoproteins, and capsids in addition to inhibition of viral fusion and post-entry neutralization. Binding and modulation of host cell surface receptors and disruption of intracellular signaling by defensins can also inhibit viral replication. In addition, defensins can function as chemokines to augment and alter adaptive immune responses, revealing an indirect antiviral mechanism. Nonetheless, many questions regarding the antiviral activities of defensins remain. Although significant mechanistic data is known for α-defensins, molecular details for β-defensin inhibition are mostly lacking. Importantly, the role of defensin antiviral activity in vivo has not been addressed due to the lack of a complete defensin knockout model. Overall, the antiviral activity of defensins is well established as are the variety of mechanisms by which defensins achieve this inhibition; however, additional research is needed to fully understand the role of defensins in viral pathogenesis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Defensins: antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity
Ganz, T. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1180 · Cited by 3,066
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense self-DNA coupled with antimicrobial peptide
Lande, R., Gregorio, J., Facchinetti, V., Chatterjee, B., Wang, Y.-H., Homey, B., Cao, W., Wang, Y.-H., Su, B., Nestle, F. O., et al. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06116 · Cited by 1,910
β-Defensins: Linking Innate and Adaptive Immunity Through Dendritic and T Cell CCR6
Yang, D., Chertov, O., Bykovskaia, S. N., Chen, Q., Buffo, M. J., Shogan, J., Anderson, M., Schröder, J. M., Wang, J. M., Howard, O. M. Z., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5439.525 · Cited by 1,809
Paneth cells, antimicrobial peptides and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis
Bevins, C. L., & Salzman, N. H. (2011) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2546 · Cited by 1,238
Mercer, J., Schelhaas, M., & Helenius, A. (2010) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-060208-104626 · Cited by 1,057
Defensins in innate antiviral immunity
Klotman, M. E., & Chang, T. L. (2006) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1860 · Cited by 471
Mechanism of HBD-3 deficiency in atopic dermatitis
Howell, M. D., Boguniewicz, M., Pastore, S., Novak, N., Bieber, T., Girolomoni, G., & Leung, D. Y. M. (2006) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2006.08.008 · Cited by 208
Proud, D., Sanders, S. P., & Wiehler, S. (2004) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.7.4637 · Cited by 154
Interactions of α-, β-, and θ-Defensins with Influenza A Virus and Surfactant Protein D
Doss, M., White, M. R., Tecle, T., Gantz, D., Crouch, E. C., Jung, G., Ruchala, P., Waring, A. J., Lehrer, R. I., & Hartshorn, K. L. (2009) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0804049 · Cited by 138
Cited by
Kumar, D. K. V., Choi, S. H., Washicosky, K. J., Eimer, W. A., Tucker, S., Ghofrani, J., Lefkowitz, A., McColl, G., Goldstein, L. E., Tanzi, R. E., et al. (2016) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf1059 · Cited by 971
The vaginal microbiota, host defence and reproductive physiology
Smith, S. B., & Ravel, J. (2017) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp271694 · Cited by 441
Platelets and Infection – An Emerging Role of Platelets in Viral Infection
Assinger, A. (2014) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00649 · Cited by 386
Perspectives for clinical use of engineered human host defense antimicrobial peptides
Pachón-Ibáñez, M. E., Smani, Y., Pachón, J., & Sánchez-Céspedes, J. (2017) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1093/femsre/fux012 · Cited by 159
Ehmann, D., Wendler, J., Koeninger, L., Larsen, I. S., Klag, T., Berger, J., Marette, A., Schaller, M., Stange, E. F., Malek, N. P., et al. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1817376116 · Cited by 112
Metadata
- Authors
- Wilson, S. S., Wiens, M. E., & Smith, J. G.
- Venue
- Journal of Molecular Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 425
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 4965-4980
- ISSN
- 0022-2836 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2018308755
- Cited by
- 315
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 21.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Antiviral Mechanisms of Human Defensins. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.jmb.2013.09.038
- The paper
- Wilson, S. S., Wiens, M. E., & Smith, J. G. (2013). Antiviral Mechanisms of Human Defensins. Journal of Molecular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2013.09.038
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
