Cited by 498Receptor Mechanisms and SignalingProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase SignalingCellular transport and secretion

Regulation, signaling, and physiological functions of G-Proteins

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Syrovatkina, Viktoriya, Alegre, Kamela O., Dey, Raja, Huang, Xin-Yun·2016·Journal of Molecular Biology

Abstract

Heterotrimeric guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins) mainly relay the information from G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the plasma membrane to the inside of cells to regulate various biochemical functions. Depending on the targeted cell types, tissues, and organs, these signals modulate diverse physiological functions. The basic schemes of heterotrimeric G-proteins have been outlined. In this review, we briefly summarize what is known about the regulation, signaling, and physiological functions of G-proteins. We then focus on a few less explored areas such as the regulation of G-proteins by non-GPCRs and the physiological functions of G-proteins that cannot be easily explained by the known G-protein signaling pathways. There are new signaling pathways and physiological functions for G-proteins to be discovered and further interrogated. With the advancements in structural and computational biological techniques, we are closer to having a better understanding of how G-proteins are regulated and of the specificity of G-protein interactions with their regulators.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.08.002

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  • Primary effects of NP-GPCRs expressed in cortex fall into just three major categories distinguished by G-protein alpha subunit (Gα) family: Gi/o inhibits cAMP production, Gs stimulates cAMP production, and Gq/11 amplifies calcium signaling dynamics.

    “Primary effects of NP-GPCRs expressed in cortex, in turn, fall into just three major categories distinguished by G-protein alpha subunit (Gα) family. The Gi/o family (i/o) inhibits cAMP production, the Gs family (s) stimulates cAMP production, and the Gq/11 family (q/11) amplifies calcium signaling dynamics”

    From Single-cell transcriptomic evidence for dense intracortical neuropeptide networks (2019) · cites this paper as Syrovatkina et al., 2016

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Authors
Syrovatkina, V., Alegre, K. O., Dey, R., & Huang, X.-Y.
Affiliations
Cornell University (US)
Corresponding author
Huang, Xin-Yun
Venue
Journal of Molecular Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-09
Volume
428
Issue
19
Pages
3850-3868
ISSN
0022-2836 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2516956609
Cited by
498
References
157
Citations by year
2026: 34 · 2025: 74 · 2024: 74 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 3
FWCI
2.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Molecular Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • NIH (R01CA193815, R01HL130478)
  • Qatar National Research Fund (NPRP 7-709-3-195)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
Keywords
G proteins, heterotrimeric G proteins, G protein-coupled receptors, G protein signaling, G protein regulation, G protein structure
MeSH terms
Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Models, Biological, Models, Molecular, Protein Conformation, Signal Transduction, GTP-Binding Proteins, Protein Multimerization

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