Mindfulness is associated with psychological health and moderates pain in knee osteoarthritis
Open accessAbstract
Objective Previous studies suggest that higher mindfulness is associated with less pain and depression. However, the role of mindfulness has never been studied in knee osteoarthritis (OA). We evaluate the relationships between mindfulness and pain, psychological symptoms, and quality of life in knee OA.Method We performed a secondary analysis of baseline data from our randomized comparative trial in participants with knee OA. Mindfulness was assessed using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). We measured pain, physical function, quality of life, depression, stress, and self-efficacy with commonly-used patient-reported measures. Simple and multivariable regression models were utilized to assess associations between mindfulness and health outcomes. We further tested whether mindfulness moderated the pain-psychological outcome associations.Results Eighty patients were enrolled (60.3 ± 10.3 years; 76.3% female, body mass index: 33.0 ± 7.1 kg/m 2). Total mindfulness score was associated with mental (beta = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.68, 1.95) and physical (beta = 0.69, 95% CI:0.06, 1.31) component quality of life, self-efficacy (beta = 0.22, 95% CI:0.07, 0.37), depression (beta = -1.15, 95% CI:-1.77, -0.54), and stress (beta = -1.07, 95% CI:-1.53, -0.60). Of the five facets, the Describing, Acting-with-Awareness, and Non-judging mindfulness facets had the most associations with psychological health. No significant association was found between mindfulness and pain or function (P = 0.08-0.24). However, we found that mindfulness moderated the effect of pain on stress (P = 0.02).Conclusion Mindfulness is associated with depression, stress, self-efficacy, and quality of life among knee OA patients. Mindfulness also moderates the influence of pain on stress, which suggests that mindfulness may alter the way one copes with pain. Future studies examining the benefits of mind-body therapy, designed to increase mindfulness, for patients with OA are warranted.
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In clinical and community groups, including chronic pain patients, greater mindfulness is linked to better physical and psychological outcomes.
“Higher levels of mindfulness are associated with better physical and psychological outcomes in clinical and community populations, including in patients with chronic pain,4–10”
From Mindfulness is associated with psychological health and moderates the impact of fibromyalgia (2019) · cites this paper as [8]
The Results (page unavailable) associate higher mindfulness with better mental and physical quality-of-life scores, less depression and stress, and greater self-efficacy in patients with knee osteoarthritis. They find no significant association with pain or physical function. The paper does not establish the broader claim for community populations. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe Describing, Acting-with-awareness, and Non-judging facets tend to show similar positive associations with psychological health.
“The Describing, Acting-with-awareness, and Non-judging facets are often similarly associated with better psychological health.”
From Mindfulness is associated with psychological health and moderates the impact of fibromyalgia (2019) · cites this paper as [8]
The five facets of mindfulness have different relationships with health outcomes.
“These facets of mindfulness differ in their associations with health outcomes.4–10,13–17”
From Mindfulness is associated with psychological health and moderates the impact of fibromyalgia (2019) · cites this paper as [8]
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Associations of rumination and worry with pain and functional limitation in knee osteoarthritis
Kahraman, B., & Kahraman, H. Ç. (2026) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000051052
- Authors
- Lee, A. C., Harvey, W. F., Price, L. L., Morgan, L. P. K., Morgan, N. L., & Wang, C.
- Affiliations
- Tufts Medical Center (US)
- Tufts University (US)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (US)
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, A.C.
- Harvey, W.F.
- Price, L.L.
- Morgan, L.P.K.
- Morgan, N.L.
- Wang, C.
- Venue
- Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 824-831
- ISSN
- 1063-4584 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5183521
- OpenAlex
- W2460926952
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 4.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Osteoarthritis and Cartilage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01AT005521, K24AT007323, UL1TR001064)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R01AT005521, K24AT007323)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR001064)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
- Keywords
- mindfulness, knee osteoarthritis, pain, mental health, quality of life, depression, stress, self-efficacy, pain coping, moderation, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, mind-body interventions
- MeSH terms
- Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Arthralgia, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Self Efficacy, Tai Ji, Mindfulness
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