Disordered (Pathologic or Problem) Gambling and Axis I Psychiatric Disorders: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

Chou, K.-L.; Afifi, T. O.

doi:10.1093/aje/kwr017

Cited by 134Gambling Behavior and TreatmentsSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesMental Health Treatment and Access

Disordered (Pathologic or Problem) Gambling and Axis I Psychiatric Disorders: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

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Chou, K.-L., Afifi, T. O.·2011·American Journal of Epidemiology

DOI 10.1093/aje/kwr017PMC PMC3139964

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Abstract

The authors' objective in this study was to examine the role of disordered gambling as a risk factor for the subsequent occurrence of specific Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Axis I psychiatric disorders after adjusting for medical conditions, health-related quality of life, and stressful life events. Community-dwelling respondents from nationally representative US samples (n = 33,231) were interviewed in 2000-2001 and 2004-2005. Past-year disordered gambling at baseline was associated with the subsequent occurrence of any Axis I psychiatric disorder, any mood disorder, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, any substance use disorder, alcohol use disorders, and alcohol dependence disorder after adjustment for sociodemographic variables. After simultaneous adjustment for medical conditions, health-related quality of life, and recent stressful life events, disordered gambling remained significantly related to any mood disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use disorders, and alcohol dependence. The clinical implications of these findings are that treatment providers need to screen gambling patients for mood, anxiety, and substance use problems and monitor the possible development of later comorbid conditions.

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Individuals with gambling disorder demonstrate elevated substance abuse symptoms compared to those without this condition.
“Similarly, individuals with gambling disorder demonstrate elevated substance abuse symptoms compared to those without this condition (K.-L. Chou & Afifi, 2011; el-Guebaly et al., 2006; Parhami et al., 2014; Possemato et al., 2015).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as K.-L. Chou & Afifi, 2011
Substance use disorders are one of the most frequently comorbid conditions in gambling disorder.
“Substance use disorders are one of the most frequently comorbid conditions in gambling disorder (K.-L. Chou & Afifi, 2011; Lorains et al., 2011; Walther, Morgenstern, & Hanewinkel, 2012).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as K.-L. Chou & Afifi, 2011

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Authors: Chou, K.-L., & Afifi, T. O.
Affiliations: University of Hong Kong (HK)
Corresponding author: Chou, K.-L.
ORCID: Chou, K.-L.
Afifi, T. O.
Venue: American Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2011-04-05
Volume: 173
Issue: 11
Pages: 1289-1297
ISSN: 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
1476-6256
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr017
PMC: PMC3139964
OpenAlex: W2159654906
Cited by: 134
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 13.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
National Institute on Drug Abuse
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords: gambling addiction, problem gambling, Axis I psychiatric disorders, mood disorders, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders, alcoholism, psychiatric comorbidity, risk factors, life events, health-related quality of life, gambling screening
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Mental Disorders, Female, Gambling, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Mood Disorders, Alcohol-Related Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Young Adult

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Disordered (Pathologic or Problem) Gambling and Axis I Psychiatric Disorders: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

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