Psychological distress and sleep quality of COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, a lockdown city as the epicenter of COVID-19
Open accessAbstract
The major Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused tens of thousands of diagnosed patients quarantined and treated in designated hospitals in Wuhan, the epicenter of the disease in China. Evidence for the psychological problems of COVID-19 patients was limited. Here we report a cross-sectional study of the mental distress and sleep quality of patients in a single center in Wuhan. The study was based on a combined questionnaire of basic questions designed by the study group, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). On Feb 17th and Mar 14th, two groups of patients were recruited respectively in a designated hospital for COVID-19. Univariate analysis and regression models were used to identify predictors for patients' psychological distress and sleep quality. In total, there were 202 participants in our combined sample. The average SAS, SDS, and PSQI score of participants were 44.2, 51.7, and 9.3 respectively. Factors associated with SAS score include gender, subjective evaluation of disease symptoms, and evaluation of medical staffs' attitude. Gender, age, education level, frequency of contacting with family, subjective knowledge level of COVID 19, and evaluation of medical staffs' attitude are associated with participants SDS score. Factors associated with PSQI score are age and subjective evaluation of disease symptoms.
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One of the risk factors for elevated emotional distress is having a family member or a colleague with confirmed COVID-19.
“One of the risk factors for elevated emotional distress is having a family member or a colleague with confirmed COVID-19”
From Fear of COVID‐19 and COVID‐19 stress and association with sociodemographic and psychological process factors in cases under surveillance in a frontline worker population in borneo (2021) · cites this paper as [59]
In Results > Factors associated with mental health status (Table 3; page unavailable), patients with and without a family member diagnosed with COVID-19 had virtually identical anxiety scores (44.2 in both groups) and no significant difference in depression scores (p = 0.42). Table 5 likewise found no significant association with depression scores after adjustment (p = 0.87). The paper does not report colleague infection as a risk factor. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe pandemic contributed to health problems such as stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, denial, anger, and fear on a global scale.
“The pandemic has contributed to health problems such as stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, denial, anger, and fear on a global scale [89,90,91].”
From The Effect of Vinyasa Yoga Practice on the Well-Being of Breast-Cancer Patients during COVID-19 Pandemic (2023) · cites this paper as [91]
The Introduction says COVID-19 brought patients physical and mental problems, and the Discussion reports anxiety, depressive mood, and sleep problems among COVID-19 patients in Wuhan (pages not provided). The paper does not establish that these effects occurred on a global scale, and the cited passages do not report denial, anger, or fear. (LLM, conf=0.89)
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- Authors
- Jiang, Z., Zhu, P., Wang, L., Hu, Y., Pang, M., Ma, S., & Tang, X.
- Affiliations
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Wuhan Union Hospital (CN)
- Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tang, Xin
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-04
- Volume
- 136
- Pages
- 595-602
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7590814
- OpenAlex
- W3097077756
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 4.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81470100)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, psychological distress, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, hospitalized patients, lockdown, Wuhan, medical staff attitudes, predictors of mental health
- MeSH terms
- Psychological Distress, COVID-19, Adult, Anxiety, China, Cities, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sleep
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