The DOI matches its Crossref record; 79 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Exploring the Paradox of Competence-creating Subsidiaries: Balancing Bandwidth and Dispersion in MNEs
Open accessOverview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This perspective is extremely salient when examining innovation in emerging economies, since MNEs function as crucial conduits to transfer knowledge across multiple contexts (Narula, 2014).”
From Innovation in and from emerging economies: New insights and lessons for international business research (2021) · cites this paper as Narula, 2014
Citations
Cites
An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change.
Loasby, B. J., Nelson, R. R., & Winter, S. G. (1983) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2232409 · Cited by 21,426
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND VALUE CREATION: THE ROLE OF INTRAFIRM NETWORKS.
Tsai, W., & Ghoshal, S. (1998) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/257085 · Cited by 6,035
The Search-Transfer Problem: The Role of Weak Ties in Sharing Knowledge across Organization Subunits
Hansen, M. T. (1999) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2667032 · Cited by 5,809 · cited 1×
“The literature on social capital (e.g. Hansen 1999, Tsai and Ghoshal 1998) has highlighted the importance of the creation of social structures in the diffusion of knowledge within and across organizational units. if MNEs want to increase their technological performance by adopting a geographically…”
Chesbrough, H. W. (2002) · Industrial and Corporate Change · doi:10.1093/icc/11.3.529 · Cited by 4,744
The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Restatement and Some Possible Extensions
Dunning, J. (1988) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490372 · Cited by 4,660
SECI, Ba and leadership: A unified model of dynamic knowledge creation
Nonaka, I., Toyama, R., & Konno, N. (2000) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/s0024-6301(99)00115-6 · Cited by 4,135
Managing Across Borders: The Transnational Solution
Bartlett, C. A., & Ghoshal, S. (2009) · doi:10.1007/978-1-137-28787-8_25 · Cited by 4,096
Knowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation
Kogut, B., & Zander, U. (1993) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490248 · Cited by 3,967
Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy.
McCaffrey, D. P., & Dunning, J. H. (1995) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393707 · Cited by 3,903
An evolutionary theory of economic change
Wright, G. (1982) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/0160-791x(82)90007-0 · Cited by 3,207
Tsai, W. (2002) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.13.2.179.536 · Cited by 1,960
A perspective on regional and global strategies of multinational enterprises
Rugman, A. M., & Verbeke, A. (2004) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400073 · Cited by 1,662
Managing across Borders: The Transnational Solution
Tallman, S. (1990) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/jibs.1990.10 · Cited by 1,610
MNE competence‐creating subsidiary mandates
Cantwell, J., & Mudambi, R. (2005) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.497 · Cited by 1,295
Subsidiary‐specific advantages in multinational enterprises
Rugman, A. M., & Verbeke, A. (2001) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.153 · Cited by 1,285
Birkinshaw, J., & Hood, N. (1998) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1998.1255638 · Cited by 1,254
Meyer, K. E., Mudambi, R., & Narula, R. (2010) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00968.x · Cited by 1,212
Self-citationAndersson, U. R., Forsgren, M., & Holm, U. (2002) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.267 · Cited by 997
Knowledge, Clusters, and Competitive Advantage
Tallman, S., Jenkins, M., Henry, N., & Pinch, S. P. (2004) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2004.12736089 · Cited by 985
The Strategic Impact of External Networks
Andersson, U. R., Forsgren, M., & Holm, U. (2015) · Palgrave Macmillan eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137508829_13 · Cited by 923
Multinational enterprises and the global economy
Clegg, J. L. (1993) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/0969-5931(93)90008-k · Cited by 793
Centers of excellence in multinational corporations
Frost, T. S., Birkinshaw, J., & Ensign, P. C. (2002) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.273 · Cited by 777
The Diversity-Bandwidth Trade-off
Aral, S., & Alstyne, M. V. (2010) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/661238 · Cited by 661
Down with MNE-centric theories! Market entry and expansion as the bundling of MNE and local assets
Hennart, J.-F. (2009) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/jibs.2009.42 · Cited by 585
Balancing subsidiary influence in the federative MNC: a business network view
Andersson, U. R., Forsgren, M., & Holm, U. (2007) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400292 · Cited by 538
Distributed R&D, cross-regional knowledge integration and quality of innovative output
Singh, J. (2007) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2007.09.004 · Cited by 502
Ambos, T. C., Ambos, B., & Schlegelmilch, B. B. (2006) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2006.01.002 · Cited by 496
Monteiro, L. F., Arvidsson, N., & Birkinshaw, J. (2007) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1070.0264 · Cited by 456
Geographic Distribution of R&D Activity: How Does it Affect Innovation Quality?
Lahiri, N. (2010) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2010.54533233 · Cited by 438
What are the consequences of initiative-taking in multinational subsidiaries?
Ambos, T. C., Andersson, U., & Birkinshaw, J. (2010) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/jibs.2010.19 · Cited by 388
Toward coopetition within a multinational enterprise: a perspective from foreign subsidiaries
Luo, Y. (2004) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2004.10.006 · Cited by 364
Does it matter where patent citations come from? Inventor vs. examiner citations in European patents
Criscuolo, P., & Verspagen, B. (2008) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2008.07.011 · Cited by 355
Transnational firms and the changing organisation of innovative activities
Zanfei, A. (2000) · Cambridge Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/cje/24.5.515 · Cited by 306
Innovation systems and ‘inertia’ in R&D location: Norwegian firms and the role of systemic lock-in
Narula, R. (2002) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(01)00148-2 · Cited by 304
Self-citationPhysical attraction and the geography of knowledge sourcing in multinational enterprises
Cantwell, J., & Mudambi, R. (2011) · Global Strategy Journal · doi:10.1002/gsj.24 · Cited by 300
Polanyi Symposium: a conversation on embeddedness
Krippner, G. R. (2004) · Socio-Economic Review · doi:10.1093/soceco/2.1.109 · Cited by 299
Rugman, A. M., Verbeke, A. C., & Yuan, W. (2010) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00969.x · Cited by 296
Centralization and autonomy: back to the future
Young, S., & Tavares, A. T. (2004) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2003.06.002 · Cited by 293
Figueiredo, P. N. (2010) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00965.x · Cited by 260
R&D co-practice and ‘reverse’ knowledge integration in multinational firms
Frost, T. S., & Zhou, C. (2005) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400168 · Cited by 259
Do we need different frameworks to explain infant MNEs from developing countries?
Narula, R. (2012) · Global Strategy Journal · doi:10.1111/j.2042-5805.2012.01035.x · Cited by 258
Self-citationUnderstanding Multinationals from Emerging Markets
(2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781107587632 · Cited by 242
Local R&D Strategies and Multilocation Firms: The Role of Internal Linkages
Alcácer, J., & Zhao, M. (2011) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.1110.1451 · Cited by 240
Location Choices Across the Value Chain: How Activity and Capability Influence Collocation
Alcácer, J. (2006) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.1060.0658 · Cited by 234
The Eclectic Paradigm in the Global Economy
Cantwell, J., & Narula, R. (2001) · International Journal of the Economics of Business · doi:10.1080/13571510110051504 · Cited by 213
Self-citationRabbiosi, L. (2010) · Journal of International Management · doi:10.1016/j.intman.2010.10.001 · Cited by 200
Reverse Knowledge Transfer in MNEs: Subsidiary Innovativeness and Entry Modes
Mudambi, R., Piscitello, L., & Rabbiosi, L. (2013) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2013.08.013 · Cited by 194
Parenting advantage in the MNC: An embeddedness perspective on the value added by headquarters
Nell, P. C., & Ambos, B. (2013) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.2058 · Cited by 188
Rabbiosi, L., & Santangelo, G. D. (2012) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2012.06.016 · Cited by 185
Unleash innovation in foreign subsidiaries.
Birkinshaw, J., & Hood, N. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 177
How subsidiaries gain power in multinational corporations
Mudambi, R., Pedersen, T., & Andersson, U. R. (2013) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2013.02.001 · Cited by 165
Knowledge sharing and subsidiary R&D mandate development: A matter of dual embeddedness
Achcaoucaou, F., Matamoros, P. M., & Darder, F. L. (2013) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2013.08.006 · Cited by 145
Hierarchy, coordination, and innovation in the multinational enterprise
Mudambi, R. (2011) · Global Strategy Journal · doi:10.1002/gsj.32 · Cited by 142
Location, collocation and R&D alliances in the European ICT industry
Narula, R., & Santangelo, G. D. (2009) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2008.11.005 · Cited by 140
Self-citationThe firm as an epistemic community: the knowledge-based view revisited
Håkanson, L. (2010) · Industrial and Corporate Change · doi:10.1093/icc/dtq052 · Cited by 129
Benito, G. R. G., Lunnan, R., & Tomassen, S. (2011) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00962.x · Cited by 104
Najafi-Tavani, Z., Giroud, A., & Andersson, U. R. (2013) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2013.02.004 · Cited by 103
Location and collocation advantages in international innovation
Narula, R., & Santangelo, G. D. (2012) · Multinational Business Review · doi:10.1108/15253831211217161 · Cited by 100
Self-citationGlobalization & technology: interdependence, innovation systems and industrial policy
Narula, R. (2003) · Polity Press eBooks · Cited by 91
Self-citationFoss, K., Foss, N. J., & Nell, P. C. (2012) · Journal of International Management · doi:10.1016/j.intman.2012.03.001 · Cited by 88
Perri, A., Andersson, U. R., Nell, P., & Santangelo, G. (2013) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2012.09.006 · Cited by 80
Neo-Marshallian Clusters and Global Networks
Nachum, L., & Keeble, D. E. (2003) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/s0024-6301(03)00114-6 · Cited by 80
Criscuolo, P., & Narula, R. (2007) · Management International Review · doi:10.1007/s11575-007-0038-9 · Cited by 77
Self-citationInternational Business Strategy: Rethinking the Foundations of Global Corporate Success
Verbeke, A. C. (2009) · Cited by 74
The new geography of corporate research in Information and Communications Technology (ICT)
Cantwell, J., & Santangelo, G. D. (2002) · Journal of Evolutionary Economics · doi:10.1007/s00191-002-0109-9 · Cited by 68
Keeping the Eclectic Paradigm Simple
Narula, R. (2010) · Multinational Business Review · doi:10.1108/1525383x201000009 · Cited by 63
Self-citationThe tension of information sharing: Effects on subsidiary embeddedness
Santangelo, G. D. (2011) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.01.004 · Cited by 62
The Contribution of Local Environments to Competence Creation in Multinational Enterprises
Andersson, U. R., Dellestrand, H., & Pedersen, T. (2013) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2013.10.002 · Cited by 60
Management Control and the Decentralization of R&D
Ecker, B., van Triest, S., & Williams, C. (2013) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206311411507 · Cited by 60
A Missing Operationalization: Entrepreneurial Competencies in Multinational Enterprise Subsidiaries
Dimitratos, P., Liouka, I., & Young, S. (2013) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2013.10.004 · Cited by 50
Hoenen, A. K., Nell, P. C., & Ambos, B. (2013) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2013.08.009 · Cited by 48
Devinney, T. M. (2001) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2001.4845855 · Cited by 47
Internationalisation of R&D into Emerging Markets: Fiat's R&D in Brazil, Turkey and India
Athreye, S. S., Celikel, A. T., & Ujjual, V. (2013) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2013.10.003 · Cited by 43
Santangelo, G. D. (2000) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(99)00052-9 · Cited by 42
InnovationXchange: A case study in innovation intermediation
Håkanson, L., Caessens, P. W. J. R., & MacAulay, S. C. (2011) · Innovation · doi:10.5172/impp.2011.13.2.261 · Cited by 40
Cantwell, J., & Santangelo, G. D. (2002) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 30
Multinationals as Flagship Firms
Devinney, T. M., Rugman, A. M., & D’cruz, J. R. (2001) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/259190 · Cited by 27
Palmié, M., Keupp, M. M., & Gassmann, O. (2013) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2013.10.007 · Cited by 26
Blomkvist, K., Kappen, P., & Zander, I. (2013) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2013.10.001 · Cited by 22
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Petricevic, O., & Teece, D. J. (2019) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/s41267-019-00269-x · Cited by 501
Managing the MNE subsidiary: Advancing a multi-level and dynamic research agenda
Meyer, K. E., Li, C., & Schotter, A. P. J. (2020) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/s41267-020-00318-w · Cited by 388
Boundary Spanning in Global Organizations
Schotter, A. P. J., Mudambi, R., Doz, Y. L., & Gaur, A. (2017) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.12256 · Cited by 363
Anand, J., McDermott, G., Mudambi, R., & Narula, R. (2021) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/s41267-021-00426-1 · Cited by 251
Self-citationLocal R&D Strategies and Multilocation Firms: The Role of Internal Linkages
Alcácer, J., & Zhao, M. (2011) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.1110.1451 · Cited by 240
Metadata
- Authors
- Narula, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Reading (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Narula, Rajneesh
- ORCID
- Narula, Rajneesh
- Venue
- Long Range Planning
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 4-15
- ISSN
- 0024-6301 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1971714333
- Cited by
- 223
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 34.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Long Range Planning (publishedVersion)
- UNU Collections (United Nations University) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Innovation and Knowledge Management
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › International Business and FDI
- Social Sciences › Communication › International Student and Expatriate Challenges
- Keywords
- multinational corporations, firm-specific advantages, knowledge flows, knowledge integration, coordination, market failure, subsidiary networks
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review