The application of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease
Abstract
This article gives an updated account of the clinical application of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD). The clinically most relevant biomarkers, total tau, phospho-tau and Aβ42 are discussed, and how they may be used, together with other diagnostic investigations, to make a predementia diagnosis of AD. Recent findings in sporadic and genetic preclinical AD are also discussed and, more specifically, what the biomarkers have taught us on the sequence of events in the pathogenic process underlying AD.
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Relative to control subjects, MCI and AD subjects typically show low CSF Aβ, high total tau, and high phosphorylated tau levels.
“Relative to control subjects, MCI and AD subjects typically show low CSF Aβ, high total tau, and high phosphorylated tau levels [201, 202].”
From The Alzheimer’s disease mitochondrial cascade hypothesis: progress and perspectives (2014) · cites this paper as [202]
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- Authors
- Blennow, K., & Zetterberg, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Blennow, Kaj
- Venue
- Medical Clinics of North America
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 369-376
- ISSN
- 0025-7125 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1985030911
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 1.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medical Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, early diagnosis, total tau, phosphorylated tau, amyloid-beta 42, preclinical Alzheimer's disease, sporadic Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer disease pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Atrophy, Brain, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nerve Degeneration, Neurons, Peptide Fragments, Phosphorylation, Predictive Value of Tests, Software Design, Synapses, Biomarkers, Amyloid beta-Peptides, tau Proteins, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Early Diagnosis, Positron-Emission Tomography, Asymptomatic Diseases, Cognitive Dysfunction, Prodromal Symptoms
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