Bivalent Regions of Cytosine Methylation and H3K27 Acetylation Suggest an Active Role for DNA Methylation at Enhancers
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The role of cytosine methylation in the structure and function of enhancers is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the role of DNA methylation at enhancers by comparing the epigenomes of the HCT116 cell line and its highly demethylated derivative, DKO1. Unlike promoters, a portion of regular and super- or stretch enhancers show active H3K27ac marks co-existing with extensive DNA methylation, demonstrating the unexpected presence of bivalent chromatin in both cultured and uncultured cells. Furthermore, our findings also show that bivalent regions have fewer nucleosome-depleted regions and transcription factor-binding sites than monovalent regions. Reduction of DNA methylation genetically or pharmacologically leads to a decrease of the H3K27ac mark. Thus, DNA methylation plays an unexpected dual role at enhancer regions, being anti-correlated focally at transcription factor-binding sites but positively correlated globally with the active H3K27ac mark to ensure structural enhancer integrity.
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Extensive DNA methylation coexists with active H3K27 acetylation marks in a large number of enhancers.
“extensive DNA methylation was found to coexist with active H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) marks in a large number of enhancers79.”
From Transcription factors as readers and effectors of DNA methylation (2016) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Charlet, J., Duymich, C. E., Lay, F. D., Mundbjerg, K., Dalsgaard Sørensen, K., Liang, G., & Jones, P. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Liang, Gangning
- Jones, Peter A.
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-05
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 422-431
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4859934
- OpenAlex
- W2346016617
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 9
- FWCI
- 9.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA170550, R01CA082422, R01CA083867)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
- Keywords
- DNA methylation, enhancers, H3K27 acetylation, bivalent chromatin, super-enhancers, nucleosome-depleted regions, transcription factor binding sites, HCT116 cells, epigenome
- MeSH terms
- Acetylation, Binding Sites, Cytosine, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Histones, Humans, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Time Factors, DNA Methylation, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly, Epigenesis, Genetic, HCT116 Cells
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