Cited by 116Psychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology ResearchMental Health and Psychiatry

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 347 of the 350 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 2 are not checked yet.

Biomarkers of Pathological Dissociation: A Systematic Review

Open access
Roydeva, Monika I., Reinders, Antje A.T.S.·2021·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

Abstract

Pathological dissociation is a severe, debilitating and transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom. This review identifies biomarkers of pathological dissociation in a transdiagnostic manner to recommend the most promising research and treatment pathways in support of the precision medicine framework. A total of 205 unique studies that met inclusion criteria were included. Studies were divided into four biomarker categories, namely neuroimaging, psychobiological, psychophysiological and genetic biomarkers. The dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, bilateral superior frontal regions, (anterior) cingulate, posterior association areas and basal ganglia are identified as neurofunctional biomarkers of pathological dissociation and decreased hippocampal, basal ganglia and thalamic volumes as neurostructural biomarkers. Increased oxytocin and prolactin and decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are identified as psychobiological markers. Psychophysiological biomarkers, including blood pressure, heart rate and skin conductance, were inconclusive. For the genetic biomarker category studies related to dissociation were limited and no clear directionality of effect was found to warrant identification of a genetic biomarker. Recommendations for future research pathways and possible clinical applicability are provided.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.019

Cites

347 of 349 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

1 retracted

Items 201–349 of 349

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Cocker, 1994, Electrophysiological changes under hypnosis in multiple personality disorder: A two-case exploratory study, Aust. J. Clin. Exp. Hypn., 22, 165
  2. Farina, 2013, Does a dissociative psychopathological dimension exist? A review on dissociative processes and symptoms in developmental trauma spectrum disorders, Clin. Neuropsychiatry, 10, 11
  3. Jalal, 2015, Serum prolactin levels in patients of major depressive episode with dissociative symptoms: A co-relational study, Pakistan J. Med. Heal. Sci., 9, 1033
  4. Khanam, 2008, Serum Immunoglobulin Profiles of Conversion Disorder Patients, Repr. from Ger. J. Psychiatry, 1

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 116

Metadata

Authors
Roydeva, M. I., & Reinders, A. A. T. S.
Affiliations
King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author
Reinders, Antje A.T.S.
Venue
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-04
Volume
123
Pages
120-202
ISSN
0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3107607617
Cited by
116
References
350
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 4
FWCI
1.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • National Institute for Health Research
  • King's College London
  • King’s College London
  • South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
Keywords
pathological dissociation, transdiagnostic psychiatry, neuroimaging biomarkers, oxytocin, prolactin, TNF-α, genetic biomarkers, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, basal ganglia, thalamus, precision medicine
MeSH terms
Mental Disorders, Frontal Lobe, Hippocampus, Humans, Biomarkers, Neuroimaging

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review