RELN-expressing neuron density in layer I of the superior temporal lobe is similar in human brains with autism and in age-matched controls
Open accessAbstract
Reelin protein (RELN) level is reduced in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of subjects with autism. RELN is synthesized and secreted by a subpopulation of neurons in the developing cerebral cortex termed Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells. These cells are abundant in the marginal zone during cortical development, many die after development is complete, but a small population persists into adulthood. In adult brains, RELN is secreted by the surviving CR cells, by a subset of GABAergic interneurons in layer I, and by pyramidal cells and GABAergic interneurons in deeper cortical layers. It is widely believed that decreased RELN in layer I of the cerebral cortex of subjects with autism may result from a decrease in the density of RELN expressing neurons in layer I; however, this hypothesis has not been tested. We examined RELN expression in layer I of the adult human cortex and found that 70% of cells express RELN in both control and autistic subjects. We quantified the density of neurons in layer I of the superior temporal cortex of subjects with autism and age-matched control subjects. Our data show that there is no change in the density of neurons in layer I of the cortex of subjects with autism, and therefore suggest that reduced RELN expression in the cerebral cortex of subjects with autism is not a consequence of decreased numbers of RELN-expressing neurons in layer I. Instead reduced RELN may result from abnormal RELN processing, or a decrease in the number of other RELN-expressing neuronal cell types.
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Reelin expression is decreased in ASD brains, although the density of Reelin-expressing layer I neurons in the superior temporal cortex is comparable to controls.
“Expression of Reelin, a protein necessary for neuronal migration during cortical lamination, is decreased in brains from subjects with ASD, although the density of layer I neurons expressing Reelin in the superior temporal cortex of subjects with ASD is comparable to that in controls [48].”
From Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models (2017) · cites this paper as [48]
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- Authors
- Camacho, J., Ejaz, E., Ariza, J., Noctor, S. C., & Martínez-Cerdeño, V.
- Affiliations
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Northern California (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Venue
- Neuroscience Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 579
- Pages
- 163-167
- ISSN
- 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4324637
- OpenAlex
- W1974881805
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 1.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH101188, MH094681, R01MH094681)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- reelin, autism spectrum disorder, superior temporal cortex, layer I, Cajal-Retzius cells, GABAergic interneurons, neuronal density, cerebral cortex
- MeSH terms
- Reelin Protein, Adolescent, Adult, Autistic Disorder, Cell Count, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Middle Aged, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurons, Serine Endopeptidases, Temporal Lobe, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Pyramidal Cells, Young Adult
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