The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Diffusion tensor imaging detects early Wallerian degeneration of the pyramidal tract after ischemic stroke
Abstract
We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess Wallerian degeneration of the pyramidal tract within the first 2 weeks after ischemic stroke, and correlated the extent of Wallerian degeneration with the motor deficit. Nine patients with middle cerebral artery stroke were examined 2-16 days after stroke by DTI and T2-weighted MRI. We measured fractional anisotropy (FA), averaged diffusivity (Dav), eigenvalues of the diffusion tensor and T2-weighted signal in the cerebral peduncle and compared these values between the affected and the unaffected side and between patients and six controls. FA was significantly reduced on the affected side compared to the unaffected side and compared to the control group. The largest eigenvalue was reduced, whereas the smallest eigenvalue was elevated on the affected side. There was no significant difference in T2-weighted signal and Dav. The decrease of anisotropy correlated positively with the motor deficit at the time of DTI study and 90 days after stroke. The reduction of anisotropy mirrors the disintegration of axonal structures, as it occurs in the early phase of Wallerian degeneration. DTI detects changes of water diffusion related to beginning pyramidal tract degeneration within the first 2 weeks after stroke that are not yet visible in conventional T2-weighted or orientationally averaged diffusion weighted MRI. We demonstrated for the first time a correlation of early DTI findings of pyramidal tract damage with the motor deficit. DTI can help prognosing recovery of motor function after stroke within the early subacute phase.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Changes in FA signal one or many microstructural alterations, such as Wallerian degeneration (Pierpaoli et al., 2001; Thomalla et al., 2004) or decreased neuronal membrane permeability (Jones, KnöSche, & Turner, 2013).”
From Substance abuse and white matter: Findings, limitations, and future of diffusion tensor imaging research (2019) · cites this paper as Thomalla et al., 2004
Citations
Cites
Measurements of acute cerebral infarction: a clinical examination scale.
Brott, T. G., Adams, H. P., Olinger, C. P., Marler, J. R., Barsan, W. G., Biller, J., Spilker, J. A., Holleran, R. S., EBERLE, R. W., & Hertzberg, V. (1989) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.20.7.864 · Cited by 6,034
The basis of anisotropic water diffusion in the nervous system—A technical review.
Beaulieu, C. (2002) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.782 · Cited by 4,628
Self-citationBasser, P. J., & Pierpaoli, C. (1996) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Series B · doi:10.1006/jmrb.1996.0086 · Cited by 4,306
Estimation of the Effective Self-Diffusion Tensor from the NMR Spin Echo
Basser, P. J., Mattiello, J., & Bihan, D. L. (1994) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Series B · doi:10.1006/jmrb.1994.1037 · Cited by 3,656
Diffusion tensor imaging: Concepts and applications
Le Bihan, D., Mangin, J., Poupon, C., Clark, C. A., Pappata, S., Molko, N., & Chabriat, H. (2001) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.1076 · Cited by 3,547
Diffusion tensor MR imaging of the human brain
Pierpaoli, C., Jezzard, P., Basser, P. J., Barnett, A., & Di Chiro, G. (1996) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.201.3.8939209 · Cited by 2,664
Dysmyelination revealed through MRI as increased radial (but unchanged axial) diffusion of water
Song, S.-K., Sun, S.-W., Ramsbottom, M. J., Chang, C., Russell, J., & Cross, A. H. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1267 · Cited by 2,582
Moseley, M. E., Cohen, Y., Mintorovitch, J., Chileuitt, L., Shimizu, H., Kucharczyk, J., Wendland, M. F., & Weinstein, P. R. (1990) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910140218 · Cited by 1,644
The Human Central Nervous System
Nieuwenhuys, R., Voogd, J., & van Huijzen, C. (2008) · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-34686-9 · Cited by 1,262
Water diffusion changes in wallerian degeneration and their dependence on white matter architecture
Pierpaoli, C., Barnett, A., Pajevic, S., Chen, R., Penix, L., Virta, A., & Basser, P. (2001) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0765 · Cited by 938
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based white matter mapping in brain research: a review
Assaf, Y., & Pasternak, O. (2008) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-007-0029-0 · Cited by 1,537
“MS (Gd enhanced) 0.44±0.12 N/A −22 Bammer et al. 2000 MS (corpus callosum) 0.75±0.06 0.79±0.05 −13 Bammer et al. 2000 MS (ring enhanced) 0.23±0.01 N/A −38 Bammer et al. 2000 MS (centrum semiovale) 0.46±0.06 0.53±0.07 −5 Bammer et al. 2000 MS 0.39±0.11 0.54±0.15 −28 Assaf and Cohen 2002 MS 0.52±0.15 0.54±0.15 −4 Assaf…”
InfluentialFunctional potential in chronic stroke patients depends on corticospinal tract integrity
Stinear, C. M., Barber, P. A., Smale, P., Coxon, J. P., Fleming, M. K., & Byblow, W. D. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl333 · Cited by 864
“Studies that have examined small homogeneous samples of subcortical stroke patients have found that larger asymmetries in FA are associated with poorer motor reco- very (Watanabe et al., 2001; Thomalla et al., 2004; Jang et al., 2005).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSidaros, A., Engberg, A. W., Sidaros, K., Liptrot, M. G., Herning, M., Petersen, P., Paulson, O. B., Jernigan, T. L., & Rostrup, E. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm294 · Cited by 526
“Regardless of the exact proportionate contribution of these pathological processes, the observed DTI pattern is consistent with Wallerian or Wallerian-like degeneration (Pierpaoli et al., 2001; Thomalla et al., 2004), most likely reflecting consequences of DAI and/or secondary hypoxic–ischaemic injury.”
ResultBennett, I. J., Madden, D. J., Vaidya, C. J., Howard, D. V., & Howard, J. H. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20872 · Cited by 512
“One interpretation of age-related decreases in AD can be inferred from previous research on the effect of ischemic stroke on DTI-based measures of white matter integrity in humans (Pierpaoli et al., 2001; Thomalla et al., 2004) and mice (Song et al.”
Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter integrity in cognitive aging
Madden, D. J., Bennett, I. J., Burzynska, A. Z., Potter, G. G., Chen, N., & Song, A. W. (2011) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.08.003 · Cited by 510
“This type of diffusivity pattern has been observed in secondary (Wallerian) degeneration, which is the degeneration, over time, of axon fibers distal to the point of transsection or injury [36–37, 40–42].”
BackgroundMotor system activation after subcortical stroke depends on corticospinal system integrity
Ward, N., Newton, J. M., Swayne, O. B. C., Lee, L., Thompson, A. J., Greenwood, R., Rothwell, J. C., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl002 · Cited by 424
“However, clinical outcome after stroke is in part related to the residual functional integrity of the corticospinal system (CSS) as assessed by TMS (Heald et al., 1993; Cruz et al., 1999; Pennisi et al., 1999) and diffusion tensor imaging (Thomalla et al., 2004).”
Sun, S., Liang, H., Trinkaus, K., Cross, A. H., Armstrong, R. C., & Song, S. (2006) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.20774 · Cited by 461
“Although the exact mechanism for the reduced in damaged axons is still not clear, the association between decreased and axonal damage has been reported (10,27,28,29).”
BackgroundAssessing the effects of age on long white matter tracts using diffusion tensor tractography
Davis, S. W., Dennis, N. A., Buchler, N. G., White, L. E., Madden, D. J., & Cabeza, R. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.01.068 · Cited by 458
“This technique assesses the diffusion of water molecules, which is more constrained for intact than degraded white matter fibers (Concha et al., 2006; Thomalla et al., 2004).”
Age-related differences in white matter microstructure: Region-specific patterns of diffusivity
Burzynska, A. Z., Preuschhof, C., Bäckman, L., Nyberg, L. H., Li, S., Lindenberger, U., & Heekeren, H. R. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.041 · Cited by 400
“after ischemic stroke (Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundMethodStructural integrity of corticospinal motor fibers predicts motor impairment in chronic stroke
Lindenberg, R., Renga, V., Zhu, L. L., et al. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181ccc6d9 · Cited by 361
Versace, A., Almeida, J., Hassel, S., Walsh, N., Novelli, M., Klein, C. R., Kupfer, D. J., & Phillips, M. L. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.9.1041 · Cited by 316
Hsu, J., Leemans, A., Bai, C., Lee, C.-H., Tsai, Y., Chiu, H., & Chen, W.-H. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.017 · Cited by 313
“This agerelated FA alteration could be caused by intrinsic fiber alterations or by Wallerian degeneration from gray matter loss (Thomalla et al., 2004).”
White matter injury in ischemic stroke
Wang, Y., Liu, G., Hong, D., Chen, F., Ji, X., & Cao, G. (2016) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.04.005 · Cited by 316
Towards multimodal atlases of the human brain
Toga, A. W., Thompson, P. M., Mori, S., Amunts, K., & Zilles, K. (2006) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2012 · Cited by 313
“Therefore, we can investigate such questions as 'which white matter tracts are affected by stroke?”
BackgroundLoss of white matter integrity is associated with gait disorders in cerebral small vessel disease
de Laat, K. F., Tuladhar, A. M., van Norden, A. G. W., Norris, D. G., Zwiers, M. P., & de Leeuw, F.-E. (2011) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awq343 · Cited by 296
“Wallerian degeneration after ischaemic stroke is, furthermore, a well-known phenomenon (Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundConcha, L., Gross, D. W., Wheatley, B. M., & Beaulieu, C. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.04.187 · Cited by 293
Self-citationZahr, N. M., Torsten Rohlfing, B., Adolf Pfefferbaum, A., & Sullivan, E. V. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.046 · Cited by 283
“…to the current results, pathological studies have demonstrated that λ1 decreases in acute axonal injury, specifically in distal sites where injury (e.g., stroke, ischemia) induces Wallerian degeneration (Schwartz and Hackney, 2003; Song et al., 2003; Sun et al., 2006b; Thomalla et al., 2004).”
Moeller, F. G., Hasan, K. M., Steinberg, J. L., Kramer, L. A., Dougherty, D. M., Santos, R. M., Valdes, I., Swann, A. C., Barratt, E. S., & Narayana, P. A. (2004) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300617 · Cited by 263
“Prior studies have also Neuropsychopharmacology shown that Wallerian degeneration in white matter tracts secondary to cortical injury can be detected by reductions in FA on DTI (Pierpaoli et al, 2001; Thomalla et al, 2004).”
BackgroundOouchi, H., Yamada, K., Sakai, K., Kizu, O., Kubota, T., Ito, H., & Nishimura, T. (2007) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a0488 · Cited by 256
Brain networks and their relevance for stroke rehabilitation
Guggisberg, A. G., Koch, P., Hummel, F. C., & Buetefisch, C. M. (2019) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.04.004 · Cited by 266
Predicting functional motor potential in chronic stroke patients using diffusion tensor imaging
Lindenberg, R., Zhu, L. L., Rüber, T., & Gottfried Schlaug, A. (2011) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21266 · Cited by 244
“The use of regional FA values as surrogate markers of motor impairment after stroke has been well established in several cross-sectional studies of the corticospinal system: lower ipsilesional values correlated with poorer motor function [Lindenberg et al., 2010a; ; Schaechter et al., 2009; Thomalla et al., 2004].”
Atypical development of white matter microstructure in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
Cheng, Y., Chou, K., Chen, I.-Y., Fan, Y., Decety, J., & Lin, C. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.011 · Cited by 243
“, 2002), compromised myelin structure, changes in axonal morphologic structure, and altered interaxonal spacing of fiber bundles (Arfanakis et al., 2002; Beaulieu, 2002; Concha et al., 2005; Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundInfluence of Stroke Infarct Location on Functional Outcome Measured by the Modified Rankin Scale
Cheng, B., Forkert, N. D., Zavaglia, M., Hilgetag, C. C., Golsari, A., Gellißen, S., Fiehler, J., Pedraza, S., Puig, J., Cho, T., et al. (2014) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.005152 · Cited by 249
Self-citationAnatomy of Stroke Injury Predicts Gains From Therapy
Riley, J. D., Le, V., Der-Yeghiaian, L., See, J., Newton, J. M., Ward, N., & Cramer, S. C. (2010) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.110.599340 · Cited by 235
Time course of wallerian degeneration after ischaemic stroke revealed by diffusion tensor imaging
Thomalla, G. (2005) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2004.046375 · Cited by 233
Self-citationvan Meer, M. P. A., Otte, W. M., van der Marel, K., Nijboer, C. H. A., Kavelaars, A., van der Sprenkel, J. W. B., Viergever, M. A., & Dijkhuizen, R. M. (2012) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3662-11.2012 · Cited by 234
“…final sensorimotor performance outcome correlated positively with FA in ipsilesional corticospinal tract regions subacutely, where poor functional outcome was linked to subacutely low FA, in line with DTI studies in human patients (Thomalla et al., 2004; Puig et al., 2010; Radlinska et al., 2010).”
The Biological Basis of Diffusion Anisotropy
Beaulieu, C. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374709-9.00006-7 · Cited by 240
Self-citationSun, S., Liang, H., Le, T. Q., Armstrong, R. C., Cross, A. H., & Song, S. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.04.212 · Cited by 222
Yu, C., Zhu, C., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., Qin, W., Wang, M., & Li, K. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.066 · Cited by 219
“A few previous studies have delineated the process of WD using DTI (Pierpaoli et al., 2001; Thomalla et al., 2004, 2005).”
MethodInfluentialEffects of age and gender on white matter integrity
Inano, S., Takao, H., Hayashi, N., Abe, O., & Ohtomo, K. (2011) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2785 · Cited by 213
“It is suggested that in the human brain, age-related increases in RD are due to demyelination(16-19) or a decrease in axonal packing attenuation,(16,19) and age-related decreases in AD are caused by axonal degeneration and the subsequent gliosis that follows an ischemic incident or lesion formation.(17,20,21) Previous…”
BackgroundNetwork analysis detects changes in the contralesional hemisphere following stroke
Crofts, J. J., Higham, D. J., Bosnell, R., Jbabdi, S., Matthews, P. M., Behrens, T. E. J., & Johansen‐Berg, H. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.032 · Cited by 210
“…studies of fractional anisotropy (FA) reveal patterns of anterograde (Wallerian) and retrograde white matter tract degeneration in pathways in the lesioned hemisphere connected to a site of primary damage (Liang et al., 2007; Pierpaoli et al., 2001; Thomalla et al., 2004; Werring et al., 2000).”
BackgroundSun, S., Liang, H., Cross, A. H., & Song, S. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.11.049 · Cited by 204
“As indicated by arrows, decreased λ|| was seen at 3 and 14 days in not change at 3 day but decreased RA and increased λ⊥ were observed at the gray matter (Gupta et al., 2006; Khong et al., 2004; Thomalla et al., 2004, 2005), the reduced diffusion anisotropy was also seen in the present study.”
InfluentialFunctional imaging and related techniques: An introduction for rehabilitation researchers
Crosson, B., Ford, A. A., McGregor, K., Meinzer, M., Cheshkov, S., Li, X., Walker-Batson, D., & Briggs, R. W. (2010) · The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development · doi:10.1682/jrrd.2010.02.0017 · Cited by 220
Upstream Dysfunction of Somatomotor Functional Connectivity After Corticospinal Damage in Stroke
Carter, A. R., Patel, K. R., Astafiev, S. V., Snyder, A. Z., Rengachary, J., Strube, M., Pope, A., Shimony, J. S., Lang, C. E., Shulman, G. L., et al. (2011) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/1545968311411054 · Cited by 216
“Our results show that structural damage to the CST, as determined by a template derived from DTI in healthy controls, was associated with decreased somatomotor interhemispheric rsFC.”
BackgroundInfluentialChen, J., Liu, W., Zhang, H., Lacy, L., Yang, X., Song, S., Wickline, S. A., & Yu, X. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00041.2005 · Cited by 197
“This method was applied previously to depict fiber tracts in the central nervous system to detect stroke and other fiber-disrupting pathologies (18, 40, 43).”
MethodWhite matter integrity in small vessel disease is related to cognition
Tuladhar, A. M., van Norden, A. G. W., de Laat, K. F., Zwiers, M. P., van Dijk, E. J., Norris, D. G., & de Leeuw, F.-E. (2015) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2015.02.003 · Cited by 182
“Themaskswere visually inspected andmiscellaneous voxels that belonged to other regions, such as the cingulum bundle, were excluded.”
BackgroundZhang, J., Jones, M., DeBoy, C. A., Reich, D. S., Farrell, J. A. D., Hoffman, P. N., Griffin, J. W., Sheikh, K. A., Miller, M. I., Mori, S., et al. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3941-08.2009 · Cited by 191
“, fractional anisotropy (FA), are sensitive to axon degeneration in patients (Werring et al., 2000; Pierpaoli et al., 2001; Thomalla et al., 2004; Valsasina et al., 2005; Trip et al., 2006; Agosta et al., 2007).”
BackgroundPuig, J., Pedraza, S., Blasco, G., Daunis-i-Estadella, J., Prats, A., Prados, F., Boada, I., Castellanos, M., Sánchez-González, J., Remollo, S., et al. (2010) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2038 · Cited by 169
“Thomalla et al.(17) found a 13% decrease in FA measured at the cerebral peduncle 2– 6 months and 2–16 days after stroke.”
BackgroundInfluentialRiley, J. D., Franklin, D. L., Choi, V., et al. (2010) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02508.x · Cited by 176
“, 2006) and in chronic changes related to ischemic stroke (Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundNi, H., Kavcic, V., Zhu, T., EKHOLM, S. E., & Zhong, J. (2006) · PubMed Central · Cited by 176
Klöppel, S., Draganski, B., Golding, C. V. P., Chu, C., Nagy, Z., Cook, P. A., Hicks, S. L., Kennard, C., Alexander, D. C., Parker, G. J. M., et al. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm275 · Cited by 173
“the pyramidal tract) are affected by disease (Sach et al., 2004; Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundEwing‐Cobbs, L., Prasad, M. R., Swank, P. R., Kramer, L. A., Cox, C. S., Fletcher, J. M., Barnes, M. A., Zhang, X., & Hasan, K. M. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.06.031 · Cited by 168
“Human (Arfanakis et al., 2002; Concha et al., 2006; Tasker et al., 2005; Thomalla et al., 2004) and animal studies (Boska et al., 2007; Mac Donald et al., 2007) suggest that radial diffusivity assesses change associated with myelin.”
BackgroundThiel, A., Radlinska, B. A., Paquette, C., Sidel, M., Soucy, J., Schirrmacher, R., & Minuk, J. (2010) · Journal of Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.2967/jnumed.110.076612 · Cited by 167
“A decrease in FA distal to the lesion after the first few weeks has been described by some authors (12) and interpreted as a correlate of Wallerian degeneration (38).”
BackgroundKhalil, C., Hancart, C., Thuc, V. L., et al. (2008) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-008-0971-4 · Cited by 163
“One might have expected an increase in ADC values in patients suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome, similarly to what has been reported in Wallerian degeneration of the pyramidal tract after ischemic stroke [38, 39].”
ResultKumar, R., Gupta, R. K., Husain, M., Chaudhry, C., Srivastava, A., Saksena, S., & Rathore, R. K. S. (2009) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699050903014915 · Cited by 168
“They found decreased FA and characteristic changes in the principal eigenvalues reflecting early WD in the cerebral peduncle after ischemic stroke [55, 57].”
BackgroundResultBurzynska, A. Z., Jiao, Y., Knecht, A. M., Fanning, J., Awick, E. A., Chen, T., Gothe, N., Voss, M. W., McAuley, E., & Kramer, A. F. (2017) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00059 · Cited by 150
“This involves an increase in extracellular volume fraction resulting from losses in both axons and myelin (Thomalla et al., 2004; Cosottini et al., 2005; Sen and Basser, 2005; Concha et al., 2006; Lindquist et al., 2007; Sidaros et al., 2008; Sun et al., 2008).”
BackgroundPuig, J., Blasco, G., Gottfried Schlaug, A., Stinear, C. M., Daunis‐i‐Estadella, P., Biarnés, C., Figueras, J., Serena, J. L., Hernández‐Pérez, M., Alberich‐Bayarri, Á., et al. (2017) · Neuroradiology · doi:10.1007/s00234-017-1816-0 · Cited by 152
“creasingly demonstrating greater accuracy in detecting microstructural damage related toWallerian degeneration after acute stroke [15, 16].”
BackgroundSelf-citationPredicting language outcome and recovery after stroke: the PLORAS system
Price, C. J., Seghier, M. L., & Leff, A. P. (2010) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2010.15 · Cited by 144
Tuladhar, A. M., van Dijk, E., Zwiers, M. P., van Norden, A. G. W., de Laat, K. F., Shumskaya, E., Norris, D. G., & de Leeuw, F.-E. (2016) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.23032 · Cited by 142
“SVD has a detrimental effect on the multiple white matter tracts by means of direct and indirect damage, which can be ascribed to demyelination, reduction in axonal number, and density and/or gliosis [de Laat et al., 2011; Pantoni and Garcia, 1997; Thomalla et al., 2004].”
BackgroundDiffusion tensor imaging in hydrocephalus: initial experience.
Assaf, Y., Ben‐Sira, L., Constantini, S., Chang, L., & Beni‐Adani, L. (2006) · PubMed Central · Cited by 141
Xu, J., Yang, L., Lin, H., Sinha, R., & Potenza, M. N. (2011) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21491 · Cited by 138
“This pattern of changes in DTI parameters was observed within days after stroke or corpus callosotomy [Pierpaoli et al., 2001; Song et al., 2003; Thomalla et al., 2004] and was hypothesized to reflect acute axonal degeneration [Bennett et al.”
Wang, L. E., Tittgemeyer, M., Imperati, D., Diekhoff, S., Ameli, M., Fink, G. R., & Grefkes, C. (2011) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21417 · Cited by 141
“, 2008] and motor performance of the paretic hand [Jang et al., 2008; Lindenberg et al., 2010; Schaechter et al., 2009; Stinear et al., 2007; Thomalla et al., 2004; Yu et al., 2009].”
BackgroundConcha, L. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.004 · Cited by 134
Lin, Y., Wang, J., Wu, C.-M., Wai, Y., Yu, J., & Ng, S.-H. (2008) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.21464 · Cited by 130
“Previous studies have shown a reduction in FA in disease states, whereas MD was found to increased (20), unchanged (21), or even decreased (22).”
BackgroundSchaechter, J. D., Perdue, K. L., & Wang, R. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.071 · Cited by 124
“DTI studies in hemiparetic stroke patients have reported early (Thomalla et al., 2004), progressive (Moller et al.”
BackgroundAcute Corticospinal Tract Wallerian Degeneration Is Associated With Stroke Outcome
DeVetten, G., Coutts, S. B., Hill, M. D., Goyal, M., Eesa, M., O'Brien, B., Demchuk, A. M., & Kirton, A. (2010) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.109.573287 · Cited by 122
Structural Plasticity in Adulthood with Motor Learning and Stroke Rehabilitation
Sampaio‐Baptista, C., Sanders, Z., & Johansen‐Berg, H. (2018) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-080317-062015 · Cited by 126
Compensatory role of the cortico-rubro-spinal tract in motor recovery after stroke
Rüber, T., Schlaug, G., & Lindenberg, R. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31826356e8 · Cited by 118
Abhinav, K., Yeh, F.-C. F., Pathak, S., Suski, V. R., Lacomis, D., Friedlander, R. M., & Fernandez-Miranda, J. C. (2014) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.08.002 · Cited by 121
Chen, D.-C., Lin, S., Fan, J.-R., Lin, C.-H., Lee, W., Lin, C.-C., Liu, Y., Tsai, C., Chen, J., Cho, D.-Y., et al. (2014) · Cell Transplantation · doi:10.3727/096368914x678562 · Cited by 119
Effects of home-based telerehabilitation in patients with stroke
Chen, J., Sun, D., Zhang, S., Shi, Y., Qiao, F., Zhou, Y., Liu, J., & Ren, C. (2020) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000010821 · Cited by 118
Dynamic changes in corticospinal tracts after stroke detected by fibretracking
Moller, M., Frandsen, J. R., Andersen, G., et al. (2007) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.100248 · Cited by 118
Yoshioka, H., Horikoshi, T., Aoki, S., et al. (2008) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000311066.03121.b8 · Cited by 116
“MRI sequences and parameters are also reported to affect the results of DT imaging data (15, 17, 23); however, these did not affect our results because all patients in this study were examined with the same MRI protocol.”
BackgroundResultHaller, S., Badoud, S., Nguyen, D. D., Garibotto, V., Lövblad, K., & Burkhard, P. R. (2012) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a3126 · Cited by 116
Liang, Z., Zeng, J., Liu, S., Ling, X., Xu, A., Yu, J., & Ling, L. (2007) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.099077 · Cited by 113
Salminen, L. E., & Paul, R. H. (2014) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2014-0046 · Cited by 113
“, 2010), although other diffusion patterns have been reported (Thomalla et al., 2004; Acosta-Cabronero et al., 2010; Burzynska et al., 2010).”
BackgroundBacigaluppi, M., Russo, G. L., Peruzzotti‐Jametti, L., Rossi, S., Sandrone, S., Butti, E., Ceglia, R. D., Bergamaschi, A., Motta, C., Gallizioli, M., et al. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1643-16.2016 · Cited by 109
“Indeed, axonal degeneration is invariably seen not only within the lesion site but also in remote brain structures that have neuroanatomical links with the ischemic area (Thomalla et al., 2004; Crofts et al., 2011; Sist et al., 2012).”
BackgroundStructural connectivity analyses in motor recovery research after stroke
Koch, P., Schulz, R. J., & Hummel, F. C. (2016) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.278 · Cited by 107
“These findings highlight one potentially critical point: Various studies have related the integrity indices of the ipsilesional CST to the value of the contralesional tract to account for intersubject variability in premorbid white matter microstructure.(16,35,41,54,55) Despite that gross structural changes are natura…”
BackgroundBrainstem and spinal cord MRI identifies altered sensorimotor pathways post-stroke
Karbasforoushan, H., Cohen‐Adad, J., & Dewald, J. P. A. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11244-3 · Cited by 111
Haller, S., Nguyen, D. D., Rodriguez, C. K., Emch, J., Gold, G., Bartsch, A., Lövblad, K., & Giannakopoulos, P. (2010) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2010-100840 · Cited by 104
“Fractional anisotropy (FA) is estimated from DTI [24] and correlates with the integrity of white matter fiber bundles [25].”
BackgroundDiffusion Tensor Imaging and Fiber Tractography in Acute Stroke
Mukherjee, P. (2005) · Neuroimaging Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.nic.2005.08.010 · Cited by 106
“The subacute infarction also is seen as hyperintensity are more sensitive than ADC for wallerian degeneration [47,48].”
BackgroundDiffusion tensor imaging, permanent pyramidal tract damage, and outcome in subcortical stroke
Radlinska, B. A., Ghinani, S. A., Leppert, I. R., Minuk, J., Pike, G. B., & Thiel, A. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181f39aa0 · Cited by 104
Deprez, S., Billiet, T., Sunaert, S. G., & Leemans, A. (2013) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-012-9220-1 · Cited by 109
“In particular, an increased RD was found in the case of a decrease in myelin thickness (Song et al. 2002, 2005; Thomalla et al. 2004) and a reduced AD in the case of axonal loss (Song et al.”
BackgroundCorticospinal Tract Diffusion Abnormalities Early After Stroke Predict Motor Outcome
Groisser, B. N., Copen, W. A., Singhal, A. B., Hirai, K. K., & Schaechter, J. D. (2014) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/1545968314521896 · Cited by 109
Chen, J. L., & Schlaug, G. (2013) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2013.00178 · Cited by 113
“These findings are consistent with those from prior studies in chronic (3, 4) and acute (22, 23) stroke, and suggest that the FA decreases may be related to reduced integrity of the myelin sheath (21).”
Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonian Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Zhang, Y., & Burock, M. A. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.531993 · Cited by 105
“Despite these limitations, the decreased FA and increased MD have been found correlated with neuronal degeneration (70) and degeneration caused by dopamine loss (71).”
BackgroundHampton, W. H., Hanik, I. M., & Olson, I. R. (2019) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.005 · Cited by 95
Fitzsimmons, S., Oostra, E., Postma, T. S., van der Werf, Y. D., & van den Heuvel, O. A. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.11.016 · Cited by 104
Motor recovery and microstructural change in rubro-spinal tract in subcortical stroke
Takenobu, Y., Hayashi, T., Moriwaki, H., Nagatsuka, K., Naritomi, H., & Fukuyama, H. (2013) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2013.12.003 · Cited by 98
“…FA decrease found in the ipsi-lesional PT tract, in particular in the CP and CR, provides insight on the progress of Wallerian degeneration (Waller, 1850) and reproduces the findings of previous longitudinal DTI studies in stroke (Liang et al., 2007; Thomalla et al., 2004, 2005; Yu et al., 2009).”
MethodResultMR Relaxation in Multiple Sclerosis
MacKay, A. L., Vavasour, I. M., Rauscher, A., Kolind, S., Mädler, B., Moore, G. R. W., Traboulsee, A. L., Li, D. K. B., & Laule, C. (2008) · Neuroimaging Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.nic.2008.09.007 · Cited by 95
Westerhausen, R., Huster, R. J., Kreuder, F., Wittling, W., & Schweiger, E. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.05.047 · Cited by 94
“Finally, clinical studies using modern magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques reported a relationship between the degree of damage of the CST and contralateral upper limb motor impairment in multiple sclerosis (Lee et al., 2000) and stroke (Pendlebury et al., 1999; Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundRijntjes, M. (2006) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000203886.28068.38 · Cited by 94
Circulating neurofilament light in ischemic stroke: temporal profile and outcome prediction
Pedersén, A., Stanne, T. M., Nilsson, S., Klasson, S., Rosengren, L., Holmegaard, L., Jood, K., Blennow, K., Zetterberg, H., & Jern, C. (2019) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-019-09477-9 · Cited by 93
MR Diffusion Imaging in Ischemic Stroke
Fung, S. H., Roccatagliata, L., González, R. G., & Schaefer, P. W. (2011) · Neuroimaging Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.nic.2011.03.001 · Cited by 92
Kusano, Y., Seguchi, T., Horiuchi, T., Kakizawa, Y., Kobayashi, T., Tanaka, Y., Seguchi, K., & Hongo, K. (2009) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a1639 · Cited by 92
“They reported that the FA in the affected pyramidal tract was reduced 13%–32% during the subacute-to-chronic phase of an ischemic stroke, and the reductions in the FA were more severe at later time points of 2 days to 1 year.(10,11,12,29) Yoshida et at(14) reported that the FA ratio in the affected side decreased 20%…”
BackgroundInfluentialDoughty, C. T., Wang, J., Feng, W., Hackney, D. B., Pani, E., & Schlaug, G. (2016) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.115.012088 · Cited by 98
Akpan, N., Serrano‐Saiz, E., Zacharia, B. E., Otten, M. L., Ducruet, A. F., Snipas, S. J., Liu, W., Velloza, J., Cohen, G., Sosunov, S. A., et al. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0698-11.2011 · Cited by 90
“Axon degeneration occurs during stroke with diffusion tensor imaging revealing extensive loss of axonal tracts in the stroke penumbra (Lie et al., 2004; Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundWidjaja, E., Blaser, S. E., Miller, E., Kassner, A., Shannon, P. T., Chuang, S. H., Snead, O. C., & Raybaud, C. R. (2007) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01105.x · Cited by 88
“Changes in λmajor reflect axonal integrity and have been observed in cases of Wallerian degeneration (Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundAssessing optic nerve pathology with diffusion MRI: from mouse to human
Xu, J., Sun, S., Naismith, R. T., Snyder, A. Z., Cross, A. H., & Song, S. (2008) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.1307 · Cited by 89
Lin, F., Yu, C., Jiang, T., Li, K., & Chan, P. (2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 88
Diffusion properties of major white matter tracts in young, typically developing children
Johnson, R. T., Yeatman, J. D., Wandell, B. A., Buonocore, M. H., Amaral, D. G., & Nordahl, C. W. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.11.025 · Cited by 93
“along the long axis of a fascicle of fibers) and has been related to changes in axon integrity such as during axonal degeneration (Kim et al., 2007; Song et al., 2003; Sun et al., 2006; Thomalla et al., 2004).”
BackgroundGupta, R. K., Saksena, S., Hasan, K. M., Agarwal, A. K., Haris, M., Pandey, C. M., & Narayana, P. A. (2006) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.20677 · Cited by 88
“A recent report demonstrated WD of the pyramidal tract within the first two weeks after ischemic stroke using DTI (10).”
BackgroundYu, C., Lin, F., Li, K., Jiang, T., Qin, W., Sun, H., & Chan, P. (2007) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2461062075 · Cited by 86
Structural and Resting-State Brain Connectivity of Motor Networks After Stroke
Thiel, A., & Vahdat, S. (2014) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.006307 · Cited by 86
“Pyramidal Tract Integrity in Chronic Stroke Decreases in FA have traditionally been interpreted as a correlate of Wallerian degeneration of fiber tracts after stroke.(3) Wallerian degeneration is the anterograde degeneration of axons and their myelin sheaths after proximal axonal injury and most studies traditionally…”
BackgroundBrain-Mapping Techniques for Evaluating Poststroke Recovery and Rehabilitation: A Review
Eliassen, J. C., Boespflug, E. L., Lamy, M., Allendorfer, J. B., Chu, W., & Szaflarski, J. P. (2008) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1310/tsr1505-427 · Cited by 85
“months post stroke, indicating that the degree of FA reduction may be predictive of motor function outcome.(38,41,44,45,49) Thalamic hypometabolism and cortico-spinal tract integrity also are associated with poststroke motor recovery.”
BackgroundSaindane, A. M., Law, M., Ge, Y., Johnson, G., Babb, J. S., & Grossman, R. I. (2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 83
Hong, X., Lu, Z. K., Teh, I., Nasrallah, F. A., Teo, W., Ang, K. K., Phua, K. S., Guan, C., Chew, E., & Chuang, K. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08928-5 · Cited by 85
Neurofilament changes in serum and cerebrospinal fluid after acute ischemic stroke
Pujol-Calderón, F., Portelius, E., Zetterberg, H., Blennow, K., Rosengren, L., & Höglund, K. (2018) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.12.042 · Cited by 84
“Neurofilaments are abundant in large myelinated axons susceptible to Wallerian post-stroke degeneration and the time profile of immunohistochemical as well as radiological findings after stroke showing a delayed and longstanding degenerative process fit the release pattern of the neurofilament proteins in this study […”
BackgroundBigourdan, A., Munsch, F., Pierrick Coupé, A., Guttmann, C. R. G., Sagnier, S., Renou, P., Debruxelles, S., Poli, M., Dousset, V., Sibon, I., et al. (2016) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.115.011576 · Cited by 82
“Measurement of CST integrity with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)(11) has been proposed both by assessment of decreases in FA distal to the stroke area and by the quantification of a decrease in the number of CST fibers, as an index of fiber degeneration (Wallerian degeneration).(12,13) In most previous work, including…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialArbeláez, A. M., Semenkovich, K. A., & Hershey, T. G. (2013) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1111/pedi.12088 · Cited by 81
Metadata
- Authors
- Thomalla, G., Glauche, V., Koch, M. A., Beaulieu, C., Weiller, C., & Röther, J.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Thomalla, Götz
- ORCID
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-08
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1767-1774
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2059177186
- Cited by
- 438
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 18.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Keywords
- Wallerian degeneration, corticospinal tract, ischemic stroke, middle cerebral artery stroke, diffusion tensor imaging, fractional anisotropy, motor impairment, cerebral peduncle
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Axons, Dominance, Cerebral, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Middle Aged, Movement Disorders, Neurologic Examination, Prognosis, Pyramidal Tracts, Reference Values, Statistics as Topic, Wallerian Degeneration, Anisotropy, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
