Investigation of relationships between fMRI brain networks in the spectral domain using ICA and granger causality reveals distinct differences between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls
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Functional network connectivity (FNC) is an approach that examines the relationships between brain networks (as opposed to functional connectivity (FC) that focuses upon the relationships between single voxels). FNC may help explain the complex relationships between distributed cerebral sites in the brain and possibly provide new understanding of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. In this paper, we use independent component analysis (ICA) to extract the time courses of spatially independent components and then use these in Granger causality test (GCT) to investigate causal relationships between brain activation networks. We present results using both simulations and fMRI data of 155 subjects obtained during two different tasks. Unlike previous research, causal relationships are presented over different portions of the frequency spectrum in order to differentiate high and low-frequency effects and not merged in a scalar. The results obtained using Sternberg item recognition paradigm (SIRP) and auditory oddball (AOD) tasks showed FNC differentiations between schizophrenia and control groups, and explained how the two groups differed during these tasks. During the SIRP task, secondary visual and cerebellum activation networks served as hubs and included most complex relationships between the activated regions. Secondary visual and temporal lobe activations replaced these components during the AOD task.
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Opposing task-related modulation of network recruitment in mentalizing networks was demonstrated using an approach in which fMRI data from two tasks collected on the same individuals was included within one sICA.
“Unlike prior studies on social cognition, semantic recall and the DMN, however, we demonstrated opposing task-related modulation of network recruitment in mentalizing networks using an approach in which fMRI data from two tasks collected on the same individuals was included within one (vs.separate) sICA, a method introduced only recently [Cetin et al., 2014;Demirci et al., 2009].”
From Specific default mode subnetworks support mentalizing as revealed through opposing network recruitment by social and semantic FMRI tasks: Mentalizing and Default-Mode Subnetworks (2015) · cites this paper as Demirci et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Demirci, O., Stevens, M. C., Andreasen, N. C., Michael, A., Liu, J., White, T., Pearlson, G. D., Clark, V. P., & Calhoun, V. D.
- Affiliations
- Mind Research Network (US)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Corresponding author
- Demirci, Oguz
- ORCID
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 419-431
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2713821
- OpenAlex
- W1973404966
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 8.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1 R01 EB 000840, 1 R01 EB 005846)
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-99ER62764)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- functional network connectivity, schizophrenia, Granger causality, independent component analysis, spectral domain, auditory oddball paradigm, secondary visual cortex, cerebellum, temporal lobe, network hubs, functional connectivity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Auditory Cortex, Brain Mapping, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Reference Values, Schizophrenia, Principal Component Analysis, Young Adult
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