Cited by 256Functional Brain Connectivity StudiesAdvanced Neuroimaging Techniques and ApplicationsNeural dynamics and brain function

Changes in the interaction of resting-state neural networks from adolescence to adulthood

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Stevens, Michael C., Pearlson, Godfrey D., Calhoun, Vince D.·2009·Human Brain Mapping

Abstract

This study examined how the mutual interactions of functionally integrated neural networks during resting‐state fMRI differed between adolescence and adulthood. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify functionally connected neural networks in 100 healthy participants aged 12–30 years. Hemodynamic timecourses that represented integrated neural network activity were analyzed with tools that quantified system “causal density” estimates, which indexed the proportion of significant Granger causality relationships among system nodes. Mutual influences among networks decreased with age, likely reflecting stronger within‐network connectivity and more efficient between‐network influences with greater development. Supplemental tests showed that this normative age‐related reduction in causal density was accompanied by fewer significant connections to and from each network, regional increases in the strength of functional integration within networks, and age‐related reductions in the strength of numerous specific system interactions. The latter included paths between lateral prefrontal‐parietal circuits and “default mode” networks. These results contribute to an emerging understanding that activity in widely distributed networks thought to underlie complex cognition influences activity in other networks. Hum Brain Mapp 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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  • Contemporary views consider brain maturation a dynamic process in which functionally related networks become more strongly linked over time by weakening between-network connections and intensifying within-network connections, aided by preferential myelination of longer axonal tracts.

    “Rather, contemporary views of brain maturation consider it to be a dynamic process by which different networks of functionally related regions become more strongly linked over time (24; 28; 29) via weakening connections between different networks while intensifying within-network connections, particularly those linking more distant network regions (30) – the later presumably aided by the”

    From Adolescent Neurodevelopment (2013) · cites this paper as [29]

  • A resting-state connectivity study found that a network including anterior insular cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, anterior prefrontal cortex, and thalamus was already established by adolescence, but inter-network strength including the anterior insular cortex-prefrontal cortex pathway continued to increase with age.

    “For example, a study examining resting state connectivity within a network including the AIC, the dorsal ACC, the anterior PFC and the thalamus found that although the network was already established by adolescence, inter-network strength, including the specific pathway between the AIC and PFC, continued to increase with age [65].”
  • Stevens et al. (2009) demonstrated that a network composed of insula, striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, and temporal lobe was already operational by adolescence, but its interconnectivity continued to strengthen with age into young adulthood.

    “Using a resting-state connectivity approach, Stevens et al. [69] (2009) demonstrated that a network composed of the insula, striatum, ACC and temporal lobe was already operational by adolescence but, like the control network observed by Fair et al. [65] (2007), the interconnectivity of this network continued to strengthen with increases in age into young adulthood.”
  • Resting-state connectivity studies across development are beginning to appear.

    “studies of resting state connectivity across development are starting to emerge (Fair et al., 2009; Stevens et al., 2009)”

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Bollobas B (1985): Random Graphs. London: Academic Press.

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Authors
Stevens, M. C., Pearlson, G. D., & Calhoun, V. D.
Affiliations
  • Hartford Hospital (US)
  • Yale University (US)
  • Mind Research Network (US)
Corresponding author
Stevens, Michael C.
Venue
Human Brain Mapping
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2009-01-26
Volume
30
Issue
8
Pages
2356-2366
ISSN
  • 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
  • 1097-0193
OpenAlex
W2038494284
Cited by
256
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 11
FWCI
11.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH070036)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Keywords
resting-state functional connectivity, neural network interactions, adolescence, brain development, causal density, Granger causality, default mode network, age-related changes, functional integration
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aging, Brain, Child, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neural Pathways, Regression Analysis, Rest, Adolescent Development, Young Adult

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