Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity in Primate Corticospinal Connections Induced during Free Behavior
Open accessAbstract
Motor learning and functional recovery from brain damage involve changes in the strength of synaptic connections between neurons. Relevant in vivo evidence on the underlying cellular mechanisms remains limited and indirect. We found that the strength of neural connections between motor cortex and spinal cord in monkeys can be modified with an autonomous recurrent neural interface that delivers electrical stimuli in the spinal cord triggered by action potentials of corticospinal cells during free behavior. The activity-dependent stimulation modified the strength of the terminal connections of single corticomotoneuronal cells, consistent with a bidirectional spike-timing-dependent plasticity rule previously derived from in vitro experiments. For some cells, the changes lasted for days after the end of conditioning, but most effects eventually reverted to preconditioning levels. These results provide direct evidence of corticospinal synaptic plasticity in vivo at the level of single neurons induced by normal firing patterns during free behavior.
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Establishing a continuous link between the brain and spinal cord promotes the reorganization of residual neuronal pathways that link these two regions under normal physiological conditions.
“This cooperation probably plays an essential role in the reorganization of neuronal pathways that mediate neurological recovery in response to neurorehabilitation with the BSI.”
From Walking naturally after spinal cord injury using a brain–spine interface (2023) · cites this paper as [38]
The Abstract and Discussion report that an activity-dependent brain–spinal interface changed the strength of corticospinal connections in monkeys during free behavior. The Clinical relevance section suggests that a similar approach could strengthen spared connections in patients, but the study does not establish reorganization that mediates neurological recovery during BSI neurorehabilitation. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Nishimura, Y., Perlmutter, S. I., Eaton, R. W., & Fetz, E. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nishimura, Yukio
- Fetz, Eberhard E.
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1301-1309
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4079851
- OpenAlex
- W2044857133
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 5.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS012542, NS 40867, R37NS012542, NS12542, R01NS040867)
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- spike-timing-dependent plasticity, synaptic plasticity, motor cortex, spinal cord, bidirectional plasticity, electrical stimulation, motor learning, monkeys, free behavior
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Biophysics, Circadian Rhythm, Electric Stimulation, Electromyography, Macaca nemestrina, Male, Motor Neurons, Nerve Net, Neural Inhibition, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Tracts, Time Factors, Wakefulness
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