Causal evidence of performance monitoring by neurons in posterior cingulate cortex during learning
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The posterior cingulate cortex (CGp) is a major hub of the default mode network (DMN), a set of cortical areas with high resting activity that declines during task performance. This relationship suggests that DMN activity contributes to mental processes that are antagonistic to performance. Alternatively, DMN may detect conditions under which performance is poor and marshal cognitive resources for improvement. To test this idea, we recorded activity of CGp neurons in monkeys performing a learning task while varying reward size and novelty. We found that CGp neurons responded to errors, and this activity was magnified by small reward and novel stimuli. Inactivating CGp with muscimol impaired new learning when rewards were small but had no effect when rewards were large; inactivation did not affect performance on well-learned associations. Thus, CGp, and by extension the DMN, may support learning, and possibly other cognitive processes, by monitoring performance and motivating exploration.
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The dPCC monitors and signals affective changes in the sensory environment and allocates attentional resources.
“It is also associated with monitoring and signaling affective changes in the sensory environment and allocating attentional resources to address said environmental alterations [29; 36; 37].”
From Neural mechanisms supporting the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and pain (2018) · cites this paper as [29]
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Nick, Q., Gale, D. J., Areshenkoff, C. N., de Brouwer, A. J., Nashed, J. Y., Wammes, J. D., Zhu, T., Flanagan, R., Smallwood, J., & Gallivan, J. P. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.07.05.547880
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Heilbronner, S. R., & Platt, M. L.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Heilbronner, Sarah R.
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1384-1391
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3892695
- OpenAlex
- W2021251760
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 2.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH086712, R01MH096875)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (F31DA028133)
- National Eye Institute (R01EY013496)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- posterior cingulate cortex, default mode network, performance monitoring, error detection, learning, reward magnitude, novelty, muscimol inactivation, single-unit recording, cognitive control, exploration motivation
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Exploratory Behavior, Gyrus Cinguli, Learning, Macaca mulatta, Male, Muscimol, Neurons, Photic Stimulation, Reward, GABA-A Receptor Agonists
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