Cannabinoid receptor-mediated antinociception with acetaminophen drug combinations in rats with neuropathic spinal cord injury pain

Hama, Aldric T.; Sagen, Jacqueline

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.12.010

Cited by 61Pain Mechanisms and TreatmentsCannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchSpinal Cord Injury Research

Cannabinoid receptor-mediated antinociception with acetaminophen drug combinations in rats with neuropathic spinal cord injury pain

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Hama, Aldric T., Sagen, Jacqueline·2010·Neuropharmacology

DOI 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.12.010PMC PMC2826109

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Abstract

Pre-clinical evidence demonstrates that neuropathic spinal cord injury (SCI) pain is maintained by a number of neurobiological mechanisms, suggesting that treatments directed at several pain-related targets may be more advantageous compared to a treatment focused on a single target. The current study evaluated the efficacy of the non-opiate analgesic acetaminophen, which has several putative analgesic mechanisms, combined with analgesic drugs used to treat neuropathic pain in a rat model of below-level neuropathic SCI pain. Following an acute compression of the mid-thoracic spinal cord, rats exhibited robust hind paw hypersensitivity to innocuous mechanical stimulation. Fifty percent antinociceptive doses of gabapentin, morphine, tramadol or memantine were combined with an ineffective dose of acetaminophen; acetaminophen alone was not antinociceptive. The combination of acetaminophen with either tramadol or memantine resulted in an additive antinociceptive effect. Acetaminophen combined with either morphine or gabapentin, however, resulted in supra-additive (synergistic) efficacy. One of the analgesic mechanisms of acetaminophen is inhibiting the uptake of endocannabinoids from the extracellular space. Pre-treatment with AM251, a cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1) antagonist, significantly diminished the antinociceptive effect of the acetaminophen + gabapentin combination. Pre-treatment with AM630, a cannabinoid-2 receptor (CB2) antagonist, did not have an effect on this combination. By contrast, both AM251 and AM630 reduced the efficacy of the acetaminophen + morphine combination. None of the active drugs alone were affected by either CB receptor antagonist. The results imply that modulation of the endocannabinoid system in addition to other mechanisms mediate the synergistic antinociceptive effects of acetaminophen combinations. Despite the presence of a cannabinoid mechanism, synergism was not present in all acetaminophen combinations. The combination of currently available drugs may be an appropriate option in ameliorating neuropathic SCI pain if single drug therapy is ineffective.

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The expected synergism between paracetamol and opiates is attenuated in mice pretreated with a selective CB1 antagonist.
“The expected synergism between paracetamol and opiates was also attenuated in mice pretreated with selective CB1 antagonist.57”
From An Updated Review on the Metabolite (AM404)-Mediated Central Mechanism of Action of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen): Experimental Evidence and Potential Clinical Impact (2023) · cites this paper as [57]
The Abstract reports synergistic antinociception from acetaminophen plus morphine and reduced efficacy of that combination after CB1-antagonist pretreatment. But the study was in rats with neuropathic spinal cord injury pain, not mice, and its Results (§3.5; page unavailable) describe acetaminophen plus tramadol as additive rather than synergistic. The paper supports the point for morphine, not opiates generally. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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Authors: Hama, A. T., & Sagen, J.
Affiliations: University of Miami (US)
Corresponding author: Hama, Aldric T.
ORCID: Hama, Aldric T.
Sagen, Jacqueline
Venue: Neuropharmacology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-03
Volume: 58
Issue: 4-5
Pages: 758-766
ISSN: 0028-3908 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.12.010
PMC: PMC2826109
OpenAlex: W2160265565
Cited by: 61
References: 82
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 3.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuropharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R21NS061172, NS61172)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spinal Cord Injury Research
Keywords: paracetamol, neuropathic pain, spinal cord injury, antinociception, combination therapy, endocannabinoid system, cannabinoid 1 receptor, cannabinoid 2 receptor, gabapentin, morphine, tramadol, memantine, synergistic effect, AM251, AM630, mechanical allodynia
MeSH terms: Acetaminophen, Analgesics, Opioid, Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Therapy, Combination, Male, Neuralgia, Pain, Pain Measurement, Spinal Cord Injuries, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Receptors, Cannabinoid, Rats, In Vitro Techniques

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Cannabinoid receptor-mediated antinociception with acetaminophen drug combinations in rats with neuropathic spinal cord injury pain

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