Acute and Chronic Pain Processing in the Thalamocortical System of Humans and Animal Models
Abstract
The transmission of noxious stimuli from peripheral receptors to the cortex involves multiple central ascending pathways. While projections to areas in the brainstem and diencephalon are likely involved in mediating the immediate behavioral responses to pain, the assessment of the sensory and emotional/motivational components of pain are likely processed in parallel ascending pathways that relay in the thalamus on their way to the cerebral cortex. In this review we discuss experimental animal and human findings that support the view that a lateral thalamocortical pathway is involved in coding the sensory discriminative aspects of pain, while a medial thalamocortical pathway codes the emotional qualities of pain. In addition, we outline experimental animal and human evidence of functional, anatomical and biochemical alterations in thalamocortical circuits that may be responsible for altered thalamocortical rhythms and the persistent presence of pain following nervous system damage. Finally, we discuss advances in clinical and preclinical development of chronic pain treatments aimed at altering neural and glial function.
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The thalamocortical loop network is composed of the thalamic ventroposterolateral nucleus, the primary somatosensory cortex, and the thalamic reticular nucleus.
“The network is part of brain pain processing and is composed of the thalamic ventroposterolateral nucleus (VPL), the primary somatosensory cortex (SSC), and the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) [22].”
From Fibromyalgia pathogenesis explained by a neuroendocrine multistable model (2024) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Groh, A., Krieger, P., Mease, R. A., & Henderson, L.
- Affiliations
- TUM Klinikum (DE)
- Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Groh, Alexander
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 387
- Pages
- 58-71
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2757556887
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 153
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Keywords
- thalamocortical system, pain processing, acute pain, chronic pain, sensory-discriminative pain, affective pain, ascending pain pathways, glial function, chronic pain management
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Pain, Thalamus, Chronic Pain, Pain Management
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