A systematic review on the relations between pasta consumption and cardio-metabolic risk factors
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Aims The traditional Italian dish pasta is a major food source of starch with low glycemic index (GI) and an important low-GI component of the Mediterranean diet. This systematic review aimed at assessing comprehensively and in-depth the potential benefit of pasta on cardio-metabolic disease risk factors. Data synthesis Following a standard protocol, we conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled dietary intervention trials that examined pasta and pasta-related fiber and grain intake in relation to cardio-metabolic risk factors of interest. Studies comparing postprandial glucose response to pasta with that to bread or potato were quantitatively summarized using meta-analysis of standardized mean difference. Evidence from studies with pasta as part of low-GI dietary intervention and studies investigating different types of pasta were qualitatively summarized. Conclusions Pasta meals have significantly lower postprandial glucose response than bread or potato meals, but evidence was lacking in terms of how the intake of pasta can influence cardio-metabolic disease risk. More long-term randomized controlled trials are needed where investigators directly contrast the cardio-metabolic effects of pasta and bread or potato. Long-term prospective cohort studies with required data available should also be analyzed regarding the effect of pasta intake on disease endpoints.
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Carbohydrate-rich foods that may be more effective in ameliorating postprandial hyperglycemia and IR include legumes/pulses, whole grains, and pasta.
“Carbohydrate-rich foods that may be more effective in ameliorating postprandial hyperglycemia and IR include legumes/pulses [85,86,87], whole grains [88,89,90,91], and pasta [92].”
From Effects of diet, lifestyle, Chrononutrition and alternative dietary interventions on postprandial Glycemia and insulin resistance (2022) · cites this paper as [92]
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- description of amount of pasta consumed during the intervention period 5. assessment of changes in surrogate markers for type 2 diabetes such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose levels, fasting plasma insulin levels, insulin resistance, cholesterol levels, blood pressures, or weight changes. For studies of postprandial responses, incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of glucose / insulin response, and observed glycemic index relative to white bread / potato were of interest. Studies will be excluded for meeting at least one of the following criteria: 1. non-human study 2. type 1 diabetes 3. gestational diabetes 4. review, letter, commentary or editorial 5. case reports 6. study proposals 7. not randomized controlled trials or prospective cohort studies 8. other dietary interventions than pasta, grain, or dietary fiber studied 9. multiple publications 10. no assessment of pasta, grain, or fiber intake 11. interventions as part of multiple intervention such as life style changes 12. intervention studies without control treatment 13. intervention studies with no assessment of relevant outcomes 14. supplementation of whole grain or fiber 15. unknown articles/no abstract/no full text
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- Authors
- Huang, M., Li, J., Ha, M.-A., Riccardi, G., & Liu, S.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Anglia Ruskin University (GB)
- Federico II University Hospital (IT)
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, S.
- Venue
- Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-11
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 939-948
- ISSN
- 0939-4753 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2736907231
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 0.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Brighton Repository (University of Brighton) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Anglia Ruskin Research Online (Anglia Ruskin University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- pasta consumption, cardiometabolic risk factors, glycemic index, postprandial glucose response, Mediterranean diet, dietary fiber, grain consumption, bread, potato, starch, dietary intervention
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Cardiovascular Diseases, Edible Grain, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dietary Fiber, Feeding Behavior, Food, Food, Fortified, Humans, Nutritional Status, Nutritive Value, Risk Factors, Starch, Metabolic Syndrome, Glycemic Index, Diet, Mediterranean, Protective Factors
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