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Cited by 47Ovarian function and disordersDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

Insulin Resistance Is Not Strictly Associated with Energy Intake or Dietary Macronutrient Composition in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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Toscani, Mariana K., Mario, Fernanda M., Radavelli-Bagatini, Simone, Spritzer, Poli Mara·2011·Nutrition Research
DOI 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.01.009
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Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation. Around 60% of PCOS patients are obese. Weight loss has consistently been shown to improve the clinical status of women with PCOS. We hypothesized that dietary factors are associated with the hormonal and metabolic abnormalities of PCOS. This case-control study included 43 women with PCOS and 37 ovulatory, nonhirsute controls matched to the study group by body mass index. Age ranged from 14 to 38 years. Both groups underwent anthropometric, laboratory, and nutritional assessment. End points included diet composition, body fat, and hormonal and metabolic variables related to insulin resistance. The groups had similar intake of energy, carbohydrate (53.51% ± 8.36% vs 51.83% ± 10.06%), protein (15% [12-18] vs 16% [13-19]), and total fat (30.51% ± 7.90% vs 30.80% ± 7.97%). Total body fat, sum of trunk skinfold measurements, and waist circumference were higher in the PCOS group (P < .05). Sex hormone-binding globulin was lower in PCOS patients than in controls, whereas total testosterone, free androgen index, postprandial glucose, fasting and postprandial insulin, homeostatic model assessment index, triglycerides, and total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .050) were higher. Homeostatic model assessment index was correlated with central obesity in PCOS patients and controls alike. No association was detected between androgen status and macronutrient intake. In conclusion, central obesity and insulin resistance were not strictly associated with energy intake or dietary macronutrient composition in women with PCOS.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.01.009

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  • PCOS is linked with increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, chronic inflammation, impaired glucose tolerance, and overweight and obesity.

    “PCOS is linked with increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, including dyslipidemia [10,11,12,13], hypertension [13,14,15], chronic inflammation, and impaired glucose tolerance [16,17], as well as overweight and obesity [18,19].”

    From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [10]

    The Introduction reports that obesity is common in women with PCOS, and the Results report higher triglycerides, total and LDL cholesterol, and postload glucose than in controls. The paper does not establish increased prevalence of hypertension, chronic inflammation, or impaired glucose tolerance; higher postload glucose alone does not establish the latter. Its BMI-matched groups also had similar overweight and obesity proportions. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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  • Individuals with PCOS have significantly higher glucose concentrations, post-load glucose, insulin concentrations, post-load insulin, and insulin resistance than individuals without PCOS.

    “Individuals with PCOS have presented with significantly higher glucose concentrations [21], post-load glucose [10,20,28], insulin concentrations [10,15,20,21,22,24,29,30], post-load insulin [10,25,31], and insulin resistance [10,14,20,21,29] than individuals without PCOS.”

    From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [10]

    The Results and Table 2 report significantly higher post-load glucose, fasting and post-load insulin, and HOMA index in the PCOS group. They do not support the claim of higher fasting glucose: the Results state that there was no between-group difference, and Table 2 gives P = .910. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Individuals with PCOS have higher body weight, fat mass, body fat percentage, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio compared to individuals without PCOS.

    “Individuals with PCOS have been shown to have higher body weight [20], fat mass [21], body fat percentage [10,22], body mass index (BMI) [14,20,23,24], waist circumference (WC) [10,20], and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) [10,11,15,20,23,24,25] compared to individuals without PCOS.”

    From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [10]

  • The correlation between BMI and insulin resistance has also been observed in controls without PCOS.

    “Yet the correlation between BMI and insulin resistance has also been observed in controls without PCOS [10,29]”

    From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [10]

  • Observational studies including individuals with PCOS with a healthy BMI still identified a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors between individuals with and without PCOS.

    “observational studies that have included individuals with PCOS with a healthy BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) still identified a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors between individuals with and without PCOS [10,11,21,22,23,25,28,30,31,33].”

    From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [10]

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Spritzer PM, Wiltgen D. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients of south of Brazil with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2007;51:146-7.
  2. Alves AL, Olinto MT, Costa JS, Bairros FS, Balbinotti MA. Dietary patterns of adult women living in an urban area of Southern Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2006;40:865-73.
  3. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 1995; 854:1-452.
  4. Fisberg RM, Colucci AC, Morimoto JM, Marchioni DM. Food frequency questionnaire for adults from a population-based study. Rev Saude Publica 2008;42:550-4.

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Authors
Toscani, M. K., Mario, F. M., Radavelli-Bagatini, S., & Spritzer, P. M.
Affiliations
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (BR)
Corresponding author
Spritzer, Poli Mara
ORCID
Spritzer, Poli Mara
Venue
Nutrition Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-02
Volume
31
Issue
2
Pages
97-103
ISSN
0271-5317 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.nutres.2011.01.009
OpenAlex
W2159397472
Cited by
47
References
63
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
FWCI
4.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrition Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
  • Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, macronutrient composition, energy intake, abdominal obesity, sex hormone-binding globulin, androgen status, HOMA-IR, postprandial insulin, triglycerides
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Adult, Androgens, Body Composition, Energy Intake, Diet, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Cholesterol, LDL, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Triglycerides, Nutrition Assessment, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Hyperandrogenism, Young Adult

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