The DOI matches its Crossref record; 81 of the 81 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Regulatory focus and anxiety: A self-regulatory model of GAD-depression comorbidity
Open accessAbstract
The etiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), including its high degree of comorbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD), remains a conceptual and clinical challenge. In this article, we discuss the relevance of regulatory focus theory, an influential theory of self-regulation, for understanding vulnerability to GAD as well as GAD/MDD comorbidity. The theory postulates two systems for pursuing desired end states: the promotion and prevention systems. Drawing upon studies documenting the affective and motivational consequences of failing to attain promotion versus prevention goals, as well as the literature linking promotion failure with depression, we propose how dysfunction within the prevention system could lead to GAD - with, as well as without, MDD.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“GAD, especially when comorbid with MDD, can be seen as characterized by subjective emotional intensity/distress20, reflecting greater temperamental negative affect25–26 and activation of motivational systems that prize obtaining safety (from perceived threat) over seeking reward27–29 [motivational mechanisms].”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The comorbidity between GAD and depression is more the rule than the exception (Klenk et al., 2011), with studies estimating it at up to 80% of the cases (Judd et al., 1998; Lamers et al., 2011).”
From A Multiple-Baseline Evaluation of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Focused on Repetitive Negative Thinking for Comorbid Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Depression (2020) · cites this paper as Klenk et al., 2011
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“emerging evidence that promotion/prevention goals may be supported by differential neural patterns (Eddington et al., 2009; Klenk, Strauman, & Higgins, 2011).”
From Extension of the Transdiagnostic Model to Focus on Intolerance of Uncertainty: A Review of the Literature and Implications for Treatment (2014) · cites this paper as Klenk, Strauman, & Higgins, 2011
In the citing paper
“In accounting for GAD, especially when it co-occurs with MDD, Klenk et al. (2011) postulate primary failure in the prevention system (i.e., hyperactivation) that in turn can lead to failure (e.g., hypoactivation) in the promotion system.”
From Emotion Regulation Therapy: A Mechanism-Targeted Treatment for Disorders of Distress (2017) · cites this paper as Klenk et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“Individuals with distress disorders frequently experience conflicting pulls from reward/loss and safety/threat systems and lack the means to effectively resolve these motivation conflicts.”
From Emotion Regulation Therapy: A Mechanism-Targeted Treatment for Disorders of Distress (2017) · cites this paper as Klenk et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“patients with distress disorders, especially GAD and MDD are characterized by intense emotional experiences resulting in an inordinately cautious manner that favors protection over promotion (Woody and Rachman, 1994; Chorpita et al., 1998; Klenk et al., 2011).”
From Emotion Regulation Therapy: A Mechanism-Targeted Treatment for Disorders of Distress (2017) · cites this paper as Klenk et al., 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective
Bandura, A. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1 · Cited by 15,510
The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit formation
Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908) · Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology · doi:10.1002/cne.920180503 · Cited by 6,911
Higgins, E. T. (1997) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.52.12.1280 · Cited by 6,775
Self-citationHopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype of depression.
Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. I., & Alloy, L. B. (1989) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037//0033-295x.96.2.358 · Cited by 3,722
Promotion and Prevention: Regulatory Focus as A Motivational Principle
Higgins, E. T. (1998) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60381-0 · Cited by 3,511
Self-citationOrigins and functions of positive and negative affect: A control-process view.
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1990) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.97.1.19 · Cited by 2,726
Watson, D., Wiese, D., Vaidya, J., & Tellegen, A. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.76.5.820 · Cited by 2,103
Handbook of Motivation and Cognition: Foundations of Social Behavior, Vol. 2.
Wagner, D. G., Higgins, E. T., & Sorrentino, R. M. (1991) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2072281 · Cited by 1,970
Self-citationComorbidity of anxiety and unipolar mood disorders
Mineka, S., Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1998) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.377 · Cited by 1,573
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2016) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206315624961 · Cited by 533
Shanahan, L., Copeland, W., Angold, A. C., Bondy, C. L., & Costello, E. J. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.12.029 · Cited by 306
Zbozinek, T. D., Rose, R. D., Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B., Sherbourne, C. D., Sullivan, G., Stein, M. B., Roy‐Byrne, P., & Craske, M. G. (2012) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22026 · Cited by 246
Einstein, D. A. (2014) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12077 · Cited by 223
Motivational Mechanisms Underlying Second Language Achievement: A Regulatory Focus Perspective
Papi, M., & Khajavy, G. H. (2021) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/lang.12443 · Cited by 191
Emotion Regulation Therapy: A Mechanism-Targeted Treatment for Disorders of Distress
Renna, M. E., Quintero, J. M., Fresco, D. M., & Mennin, D. S. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00098 · Cited by 152
Higgins, E. T., & Cornwell, J. F. M. (2016) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2016.04.005 · Cited by 162
Self-citationMennin, D. S., Fresco, D. M., Ritter, M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2015) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22377 · Cited by 162
Emotion regulation therapy for generalized anxiety disorder
Fresco, D. M., Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., & Ritter, M. (2013) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2013.02.001 · Cited by 120
Luber, B. M., Davis, S. W., Bernhardt, E. R., Neacsiu, A. D., Kwapil, L., Lisanby, S. H., & Strauman, T. J. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.083 · Cited by 117
Self-citationKoopmann, J. M., Lanaj, K., Bono, J. E., & Campana, K. L. (2016) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2105 · Cited by 117
Tunçdoğan, A., van den Bosch, F., & Volberda, H. (2015) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.06.004 · Cited by 98
Baker, C. N., & Hoerger, M. P. (2012) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.034 · Cited by 88
Outcome interdependence shapes the effects of prevention focus on team processes and performance
Beersma, B., Homan, A. C., Kleef, G. A. V., & Dreu, C. K. W. D. (2013) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2013.02.003 · Cited by 86
Too Much of a Good Thing? Trade-offs in Promotion and Prevention Focus
Scholer, A. A., & Higgins, E. T. (2012) · The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0005 · Cited by 78
Self-citationSah, A., Schmuckermair, C., Sartori, S. B., Gaburro, S., Kandasamy, M., Irschick, R., Klimaschewski, L. P., Landgraf, R., Aigner, L., & Singewald, N. (2012) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2012.94 · Cited by 67
The impact of bedtime procrastination on depression symptoms in Chinese medical students
Guo, J., Meng, D., Ma, X., Zhu, L., Yang, L., & Mu, L. (2020) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-020-02079-0 · Cited by 69
Changes in functional connectivity following treatment with emotion regulation therapy
Scult, M. A., Fresco, D. M., Gunning, F. M., Liston, C., Seeley, S. H., García, E., & Mennin, D. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00010 · Cited by 57
“This negative emotionality is characterized by under- and over-activation of reward and safety/threat systems respectively, as well as their co-occurrence (i.e., motivational conflict; Higgins, 1997; Klenk et al., 2011; Scult et al., 2016).”
BackgroundLlewellyn, N. M., Dolcos, S. M., Iordan, A. D., Rudolph, K. D., & Dolcos, F. (2013) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0032568 · Cited by 65
The motivation‐anxiety interface in language learning: A regulatory focus perspective
Jiang, C., & Papi, M. (2021) · International Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1111/ijal.12375 · Cited by 62
Strauman, T. J., & Eddington, K. M. (2016) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9801-1 · Cited by 64
Self-citationStrauman, T. J., Socolar, Y., Kwapil, L., Cornwell, J. F. M., Franks, B., Sehnert, S., & Higgins, E. T. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.06.003 · Cited by 58
Self-citationMagee, W. J., & Upenieks, L. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.05.016 · Cited by 60
Ruiz, F. J., Luciano, C., Flórez, C. L., Suárez-Falcón, J. C., & Cardona-Betancourt, V. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00356 · Cited by 59
“The comorbidity between GAD and depression is more the rule than the exception (Klenk et al., 2011), with studies estimating it at up to 80% of the cases (Judd et al., 1998; Lamers et al., 2011).”
BackgroundAdvancing emotion regulation perspectives on psychopathology: the challenge of distress disorders
Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M. (2015) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2015.969624 · Cited by 46
Patros, C. H. G., Hudec, K. L., Alderson, R. M., Kasper, L. J., Davidson, C. L., & Wingate, L. R. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.21994 · Cited by 46
Howe, G. W., Hornberger, A. P., Weihs, K. L., Moreno, F., & Neiderhiser, J. M. (2011) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026243 · Cited by 49
Flett, G. L., & Nepon, T. B. (2019) · Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment · doi:10.1177/0734282919890786 · Cited by 43
Yang, X., Zhao, J., Chen, Y., Zu, S., & Zhao, J. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.10.014 · Cited by 40
Dorsal Dentate Gyrus, a Key Regulator for Mood and Psychiatric Disorders
Sun, D., Mei, L., & Xiong, W. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.01.005 · Cited by 47
Fresson, M., Dardenne, B., Geurten, M., & Meulemans, T. (2017) · The Clinical Neuropsychologist · doi:10.1080/13854046.2017.1307456 · Cited by 46
Renna, M. E., Fresco, D. M., & Mennin, D. S. (2020) · Chronic Stress · doi:10.1177/2470547020905787 · Cited by 45
When fit matters more: The effect of regulatory fit on adaptation to change
Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., & Häfner, M. (2013) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2013.832209 · Cited by 39
Unique associations between anxiety, depression and motives for approach and avoidance goal pursuit
Winch, A., Moberly, N. J., & Dickson, J. M. (2014) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2014.976544 · Cited by 42
Mori, M., Murata, Y., Matsuo, A., Takemoto, T., & Mine, K. (2014) · Neurology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40120-013-0015-0 · Cited by 38
Baker, J. K., Seltzer, M. M., & Greenberg, J. S. (2012) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01580.x · Cited by 36
A Novel Therapeutic Frame for Treating Depression in Group Treating Depression Downhill
Krupnik, V. (2014) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244014523793 · Cited by 31
Differentiating everyday lies: A typology of lies based on beneficiary and motivation
Cantarero, K., van Tilburg, W. A. P., & Szarota, P. (2018) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.05.013 · Cited by 29
Busseri, M. A., & Peck, E. (2014) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614547265 · Cited by 29
Toffalini, E., Mirandola, C., Drabik, M. J., Melinder, A. M. D., & Cornoldi, C. (2014) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.042 · Cited by 27
Feeling the green? Value orientation as a moderator of emotional response to green electricity
Nilsson, A., Hansla, A., & Biel, A. (2014) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/jasp.12258 · Cited by 26
Fathi, J., Pawlak, M., Kruk, M., & Mohammaddokht, F. (2024) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/13621688241265546 · Cited by 30
Culture and Patterns of Reciprocity: The Role of Exchange Type, Regulatory Focus, and Emotions
Deng, Y., Wang, C. S., Aime, F., Wang, L., Sivanathan, N., & Kim, Y. C. (2020) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167220913694 · Cited by 29
Brinkmann, K., & Franzén, J. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1236-0_22 · Cited by 26
Wang, Y., Ge, F., Zhang, J., & Zhang, W. (2021) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13101 · Cited by 21
Oiknine, A. H., Pollard, K. A., Khooshabeh, P., & Files, B. T. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.606847 · Cited by 19
Regulatory Focus, Money Attitudes and Financial Literacy: Evidence from Portuguese Young Adults
Pereira, M. C., & Coelho, F. (2020) · Journal of Family and Economic Issues · doi:10.1007/s10834-020-09662-3 · Cited by 21
Petrou, P., van den Heuvel, M., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2017) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-12-2015-0309 · Cited by 18
Jurusan Psikologi Universitas Syiah Kuala, B. A., Azhari, T. R., Mirza, M., & Jurusan Psikologi Universitas Syiah Kuala, B. A. (2016) · Mediapsi · doi:10.21776/ub.mps.2016.002.02.4 · Cited by 17
Investigating the structure of regulatory focus: A bifactor analysis
Hodis, F. A. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.01.004 · Cited by 15
The impact of interdependence on behavioral engagement in online communities
Zhang, X., Gong, Y., & Peng, L. (2020) · Marketing Intelligence & Planning · doi:10.1108/mip-05-2019-0285 · Cited by 15
Sánchez-López, Á. (2021) · The Spanish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1017/sjp.2021.28 · Cited by 17
Microglial sex differences in innate high anxiety and modulatory effects of minocycline
Ugursu, B., Sah, A., Sartori, S. B., Popp, O., Mertins, P., Dunay, I. R., Kettenmann, H., Singewald, N., & Wolf, S. A. (2024) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.035 · Cited by 14
Is disgust in obsessive-compulsive disorder mediated by fear of pathogens?
Eyal, T., Dar, R., & Liberman, N. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102340 · Cited by 13
Riding the elephant in the room: Towards a revival of the optimal level of stimulation model
de Aldecoa, P. I., Burdett, E., & Gustafsson, E. (2022) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2022.101051 · Cited by 20
Gao, Q., Bian, R., Wan, X., Wei, H., & Qiu, H. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01569-y · Cited by 13
Zhao, L., Lyu, X., Jiang, H., & Gao, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.889510 · Cited by 12
Luber, B. M., Davis, S. W., Bernhardt, E. R., Neacsiu, A. D., Kwapil, L., Lisanby, S. H., & Strauman, T. J. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.03.049 · Cited by 11
Self-citationSumińska, S., & Rynkiewicz, A. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0322413 · Cited by 12
Jiang, C., & Papi, M. (2024) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/13621688241287999 · Cited by 9
Sapru, A. (2026) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103251 · Cited by 12
Reversing the Placebo: Performance‐Branded Experiences Can Undermine Consumer Performance
Banker, S., Gosline, R. R., & Lee, J. K. (2019) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcpy.1131 · Cited by 9
Modeling the onset of a depressive episode: A self-regulation perspective
Strauman, T. J. (2021) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.04.003 · Cited by 10
Self-citationStevens, E. N., Bardeen, J. R., Pittman, L. D., & Lovejoy, M. C. (2015) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2015.34.2.161 · Cited by 8
Lee, D., Park, J. J., Bae, B. H., & Lim, H.-W. (2018) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2017.1419159 · Cited by 8
Hartmann, M., & Müller, P. (2021) · doi:10.31124/advance.16644889.v1 · Cited by 8
Associations of Delay Discounting Rate with Anxiety Disorder Symptomatology and Diagnoses
Armstrong, C. H., & Hoge, E. A. (2024) · The Psychological Record · doi:10.1007/s40732-023-00582-w · Cited by 7
Reexamining the role of regulatory focus in second language achievement
Wang, L., & Sun, X. (2024) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263124000512 · Cited by 8
Wilson, E., Abbott, M. J., Norton, A. R., Berle, D., & Rapee, R. M. (2025) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2025.2478246 · Cited by 10
Shankar, U., Kaul, V., Gupta, V., & Mishra, N. K. (2024) · Journal of Management Development · doi:10.1108/jmd-02-2024-0069 · Cited by 6
Vranceanu, A., Reichman, M., Mace, R. A., Mohamadi, A., & Chen, N. C. (2020) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000001374 · Cited by 6
Liao, G., Feng, L., Zheng, X., & Zhou, J. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30565 · Cited by 8
Martín-García, Ó., Blanco, I., & Sánchez-López, Á. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1502130 · Cited by 4
Krupnik, V. (2018) · Journal of EMDR Practice and Research · doi:10.1891/1933-3196.12.2.46 · Cited by 4
Size Matters Stature Is Related to Diagnoses of Depression in Young Military Men
Krupnik, V., & Cherkasova, M. V. (2014) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244014542783 · Cited by 4
Pan, Y., Xie, C., Wang, P., Qian, J., Xu, L., Zhang, Y., & Wang, K. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105520 · Cited by 3
Quintero, J. M., Mayville, E. W., Heimberg, R. G., Fresco, D. M., & Mennin, D. S. (2021) · Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jbct.2021.05.005 · Cited by 3
Martín-García, Ó., Raedt, R. D., Godara, M., Ottaviani, C., & Sánchez-López, Á. (2022) · Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/j.lmot.2022.101869 · Cited by 3
Sapru, A. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5396410 · Cited by 3
The relationship between regulatory focus, perfectionism, and school burnout
Yasuda, Y., & Goegan, L. D. (2023) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-023-09776-0 · Cited by 3
Positioning Strategies in B2B Marketing: The Regulatory Focus Orientation
Kalafatis, S. P., Blankson, C., Boatswain, M., & Tsogas, M. H. (2024) · Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing · doi:10.1080/1051712x.2024.2411455 · Cited by 4
양경은, & Hwan, P. K. (2014) · Korean Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.17315/kjhp.2014.19.1.010 · Cited by 2
Kutz, A. M. (2016) · DigitalCommons (California Polytechnic State University) · Cited by 2
Schetter, E., & Schwinger, M. (2024) · Psychiatry International · doi:10.3390/psychiatryint5040048 · Cited by 2
Self-regulatory Theory and Weight-Loss Maintenance
Testa, R. J., & Brown, R. T. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-015-9421-z · Cited by 2
Hartmann, M., & Müller, P. (2021) · doi:10.31124/advance.16644889 · Cited by 2
Yang, P., & Jing, L. (2025) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-025-07967-w · Cited by 1
Efficacy of Coping with Negative Affect via Alcohol Use Pre- and Post Acute Stress
Willis, M. A., Ran, T., & Lane, S. P. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15121614 · Cited by 1
Gao, T., Zhang, W., & Su, Y. (2026) · MedComm · doi:10.1002/mco2.70620 · Cited by 1
Demanded Wants and Oughts: An Overlooked Distinction in REBT?
Trower, P., & Jones, J. (2015) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-014-0204-5 · Cited by 1
Park, J., Swift, J. K., & Penix, E. A. (2019) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-019-09419-6 · Cited by 2
The Relationship between Prevention Focus, Money Attitude and Financial Behavior
YİLDİRİM, D., & Özbek, A. (2022) · Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.18037/ausbd.1095237 · Cited by 1
A Longitudinal Examination of Regulatory Focus Theory's Application to Adolescent Psychopathology
Klenk, M. M. (2011) · DukeSpace (Duke University) · Cited by 1
Self-citation(2019) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2019.1578153 · Cited by 1
Lee, D. B. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/ah3y-sr54
Coussement, C., & Heeren, A. (2020) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/ynrkj · Cited by 1
Coussement, C., & Heeren, A. (2020) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/m8z6w
Kittichokwattana, P., Harun, A. B., & Zain, Z. M. (2022) · International Journal of Economics Business and Management Research · doi:10.51505/ijebmr.2022.6601
Nugroho, C. A., Saniatuzzulfa, R., & Scarvanovi, B. W. (2022) · Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Candrajiwa · doi:10.20961/jip.v7i1.57730
Hoo, C. S. (2023) · Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka (Figshare) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.24037101 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Klenk, M. M., Strauman, T. J., & Higgins, E. T.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Strauman, Timothy J.
- Venue
- Personality and Individual Differences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-05
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 935-943
- ISSN
- 0191-8869 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3079259
- OpenAlex
- W2036025989
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 9.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Personality and Individual Differences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DukeSpace (Duke University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R24MH067447, R21MH052281)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- regulatory focus, generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, self-regulation, promotion focus, prevention focus, anxiety, depression, motivation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
