Dietary fat intake, pesticide use, and Parkinson's disease
Open accessAbstract
Background Dietary fat intake may modify Parkinson's disease (PD) risk directly or by altering the response to environmental neurotoxicants including pesticides.Methods We conducted a case-control study of PD nested in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a cohort of pesticide applicators and spouses. We evaluated diet and pesticide use before diagnosis in 89 PD cases, confirmed by movement disorder specialists, or a corresponding date in 336 frequency-matched controls. Associations were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results In the AHS, PD was inversely associated with N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8 for highest vs. lowest tertile) and the N-3 precursor α-linolenic acid (0.4, 0.2-0.8). In a meta-analysis of nine studies, including the present one, PD was inversely associated with α-linolenic acid (0.81, 0.68-0.96). In the AHS, associations of PD with the pesticides paraquat and rotenone were modified by fat intake. The OR for paraquat was 4.2 (1.5-12) in individuals with PUFA intake below the median but 1.2 (0.4-3.4) in those with higher intake (p-interaction = 0.10). The OR for rotenone was 5.8 (2.3-15) in those with saturated fat intake above the median but 1.5 (0.5-4.2) in those with lower intake (p-interaction = 0.02).Conclusions PUFA intake was consistently associated with lower PD risk, and dietary fats modified the association of PD risk with pesticide exposure. If confirmed, these findings suggest that a diet high in PUFAs and low in saturated fats might reduce risk of PD.
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High levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids like docosahexaenoic acid decreased the association of Parkinson's disease with pesticides.
“A recent study demonstrated that dietary fat intake may modify the risk of developing PD directly or by altering the response to environmental neurotoxins; high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), like DHA decreased the association of PD with pesticides (Kamel et al., 2014).”
From The Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson’s Disease: Possibilities for Food-Based Therapies (2017) · cites this paper as Kamel et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Kamel, F., Goldman, S. M., Umbach, D. M., Chen, H., Richardson, G., Barber, M. R., Meng, C., Marras, C., Korell, M., Kasten, M., Hoppin, J. A., Comyns, K., Chade, A., Blair, A., Bhudhikanok, G. S., Webster Ross, G., William Langston, J., Sandler, D. P., & Tanner, C. M.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of Lübeck (DE)
- Favaloro University (AR)
- United States Department of Health and Human Services (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kamel, Freya
- ORCID
- Venue
- Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 82-87
- ISSN
- 1353-8020 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3936597
- OpenAlex
- W2058530978
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10
- FWCI
- 1.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Parkinsonism & Related Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- NIEHS (R01-ES10803)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES044007, Z01-ES049030)
- National Cancer Institute grant (Z01-CP010119)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, dietary fat intake
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Diet, Dietary Fats, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease, Pesticides, Risk Factors, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Case-Control Studies
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