Cited by 181Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchLanguage Development and DisordersChild Nutrition and Feeding Issues

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Language Disorders: Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Tager-Flusberg, Helen, Caronna, Elizabeth·2007·Pediatric Clinics of North America

DOI 10.1016/j.pcl.2007.02.011

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Abstract

This article summarizes current knowledge about language and communication impairments in children who have autism spectrum disorders. It reviews the language profiles that may be observed during the toddler and preschool years and in school-aged children and discusses receptive and expressive language skills that may be quite variable across the spectrum and the universal impairments in pragmatic aspects of language that are among the defining characteristics of the disorder. It concludes with clinical recommendations for pediatric screening of autism spectrum disorders and for continued monitoring of language difficulties in older children for whom interventions may be critical for enhancing effective communication in everyday life.

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Background
Evaluating atypical language in autism using automated language measures
Salem, A. C., MacFarlane, H., Adams, J. R., Lawley, G. O., Dolata, J. K., Bedrick, S. D., & Fombonne, E. J. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-90304-5 · Cited by 27
Characteristics of auditory brainstem response latencies in children with autism spectrum disorders
Dabbous, A. O. (2012) · Hearing Balance and Communication · doi:10.3109/1651386x.2012.708986 · Cited by 27
Understanding speech, language and communication needs: Profiles of need and provision (2012)
Dockrell, J. E., Ricketts, J., & Lindsay, G. (2012) · doi:10.13140/2.1.3064.9609 · Cited by 26
Désordres de la constellation autistique : un monde trop rapide pour un cerveau disconnecté ?
Gepner, B., Lainé, F., & Tardif, C. (2010) · PSN · doi:10.1007/s11836-010-0126-y · Cited by 34
“supra) et de l’imitation verbale et in fine des anomalies de développement du langage [29] ;”
Background
Communication and Language Skills of Autistic Spectrum Disorders in Children and Their Parents' Emotions
Ibrahimagić, A., Patković, N., Radic, B., & Hadžić, S. (2021) · Materia Socio Medica · doi:10.5455/msm.2021.33.250-256 · Cited by 23
“Receptive and expressive language skills may be quite variable across the ASD spectrum, but universal impairments in pragmatic aspects of language are among the defining characteristics of the disorder (9).”
Background
Social‐Emotional Correlates of Early Stage Social Information Processing Skills in Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
Russo‐Ponsaran, N. M., McKown, C., Johnson, J. K., Allen, A., Evans‐Smith, B., & Fogg, L. (2015) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1463 · Cited by 20
“In particular, many children with ASD have impairment in pragmatic language ability [Kelley, Paul, Fein, & Naighes, 2006; Tager-Flusberg & Caronna, 2007].”
Background
Predictive sentence comprehension during story-listening in autism spectrum disorder
Brennan, J. R., Lajiness-O'Neill, R., Bowyer, S., Kovelman, I., & Hale, J. T. (2019) · Language, Cognition and Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/23273798.2018.1560483 · Cited by 19
“These difficulties are compounded by co-morbid social deficits that affect behavioural compliance (Tager-Flusberg & Caronna, 2007, p. 472).”
Background
Particular polyglots: multilingual students with autism
Baker, D. (2012) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2012.717883 · Cited by 20
Do reciprocal associations exist between social and language pathways in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders?
Bennett, T. A., Szatmári, P., Georgiades, K., Hanna, S., Janus, M., Georgiades, S., Duku, E., Bryson, S. E., Fombonne, E. J., Smith, I. M., et al. (2014) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12356 · Cited by 20
Improving Emotion Perception in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder with Computer-Based Training and Hearing Amplification
Leung, J., Purdy, S. C., & Corballis, P. M. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11040469 · Cited by 18
Developmental differences in neural connectivity for semantic processing in youths with autism
Fan, L., Booth, J. R., Liu, M., Chou, T., & Gau, S. S. (2021) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13373 · Cited by 17
Developmental delays in cortical auditory temporal processing in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome
Croom, K., Rumschlag, J. A., Erickson, M. A., Binder, D. K., & Razak, K. A. (2023) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/s11689-023-09496-8 · Cited by 19
Endophenotype trait domains for advancing gene discovery in autism spectrum disorder
Mosconi, M. W., Stevens, C. J., Unruh, K. E., Shafer, R. L., & Elison, J. T. (2023) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/s11689-023-09511-y · Cited by 16
“Autistic individuals show a range of language and communication challenges including reduced receptive and expressive language abilities as well as difficulties in pragmatic forms of communication [168].”
Background
Hand, Limb, and Other Motor Preferences
Forrester, G. S. (2017) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6725-4_5 · Cited by 17
Profile of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders in an institution in Bogotá, Colombia
Talero‐Gutiérrez, C., Rodríguez, M., Rosa, D. D. L., Morales, G., & Vélez-van-Meerbeke, A. (2012) · Neurología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.nrleng.2012.03.001 · Cited by 17
“Similarly, sound production patterns are often abnormal even before the start of spoken language.(27) In general, motor development has not represented a compromised aspect in children with ASD from the point of view of gross skill acquisition, such as sitting, crawling or walking.”
Background
Language Development and Communication Disorders
Simms, M. D., & Schum, R. L. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0755-7.00032-4 · Cited by 17
Electrophysiological response during auditory gap detection: Biomarker for sensory and communication alterations in autism spectrum disorder?
Foss-Feig, J. H., Stavropoulos, K. K. M., McPartland, J. C., Wallace, M. T., Stone, W. L., & Key, A. P. (2018) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/87565641.2017.1365869 · Cited by 16
“…suggests atypical auditory processing in ASD (Kellerman, Fan, & Gorman, 2005), affecting both processing of speech sounds and more complex language (Rapin & Dunn, 2003; Tager-Flusberg & Caronna, 2007), as well as more basic, nonspeech sounds (see Foss-Feig, Stone, & Wallace, 2012 for review).”
Background
Slowness Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Blind Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Study
Gepner, B., Charrier, A., Arciszewski, T., & Tardif, C. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05183-6 · Cited by 17
A novel method for assessing the development of speech motor function in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders
Sullivan, K. A., Sharda, M., Greenson, J., Dawson, G., & Singh, N. C. (2013) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2013.00017 · Cited by 16
“Young children with ASD, who begin to use and experiment with speech, produce babbles and vocalizations that are often unusual in tone and include repetitive screeching, groaning, humming, or echolalia (Tager-Flusberg and Caronna, 2007).”
Background
Caracterización de niños y adolescentes con trastornos del espectro autista en una institución de Bogotá, Colombia
Talero‐Gutiérrez, C., Rodríguez, M., Rosa, D. D. L., Morales, G., & Vélez-van-Meerbeke, A. (2012) · Neurología · doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2011.03.005 · Cited by 15
Requirements of a Supportive Environment for People on the Autism Spectrum: A Human-Centered Design Story
Wohofsky, L., Marzi, A., Bettarello, F., Zaniboni, L., Lattacher, S. L., Limoncin, P., Dordolin, A., Dugaria, S., Caniato, M., Scavuzzo, G., et al. (2023) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app13031899 · Cited by 13
Female-specific dysfunction of sensory neocortical circuits in a mouse model of autism mediated by mGluR5 and estrogen receptor α
Molinaro, G., Bowles, J. E., Croom, K., Gonzalez, D., Mirjafary, S., Birnbaum, S. G., Razak, K. A., Gibson, J. R., & Huber, K. M. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114056 · Cited by 14
Bilingualism in children with a dual diagnosis of Down syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Ward, R. A., & Sanoudaki, E. (2020) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699206.2020.1818288 · Cited by 12
“A specific language phenotype is also apparent for this population (Tager-Flusberg & Caronna, 2007) which includes pragmatic language impairments, echolalia and the use of neologisms (Neely et al., 2016; Parsons et al., 2017).”
Background
Non-participatory user-centered design of accessible teacher-teleoperated robot and tablets for minimally verbal autistic children
Li, J. J., Davison, D. P., Alcorn, A. M., Williams, A., Dimitrijević, S. B., Petrović, S., Chevalier, P., Schadenberg, B. R., Ainger, E., Pellicano, E., et al. (2020) · International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA) · doi:10.1145/3389189.3393738 · Cited by 14
An eye-tracking study on autistic children’s visual attention: The use of spatial-progression, time-sequence, colours and shape-patterns in picture book designs
Lian, X., Hong, W. C. H., & Yu, J. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03091-1 · Cited by 12
Research on pragmatic impairment in autistic children during the past two decades (2001–2022): hot spots and frontiers—based on CiteSpace bibliometric analysis
Liu, Y., Tian, X., Mao, H., Cheng, L. L., Wang, P., & Gao, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1276001 · Cited by 16
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Myers, S. M., & Challman, T. D. (2018) · American Academy of PediatricsItasca, IL eBooks · doi:10.1542/9781610021357-19 · Cited by 12
Early Lateralization of Gestures in Autism: Right-Handed Points Predict Expressive Language
Dimitrova, N., Möhr, C., Özçalışkan, Ş., & Adamson, L. B. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04347-9 · Cited by 12
“However, we do not yet know whether a similar predictive relation holds for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who show early weaknesses in both speech and gesture production, particularly in their use of deictic gestures (e.g., Özçalışkan et al. 2016a; Tager-Flusberg and Caronna 2007).”
Background
The Management of Toe Walking in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: “Cast and Go”
Manfredi, F., Riefoli, F., Coviello, M., & Dibello, D. (2022) · Children · doi:10.3390/children9101477 · Cited by 10
“Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disease that involves communication, social interaction and language in different ways [1].”
Background
Formal Characteristics of Thematic Apperception Test Narratives of Adult Patients with an Autism Spectrum Disorder. A Preliminary Study
Eurelings-Bontekoe, E. H. M., Zwinkels, K., Schaap‐Jonker, H., & Edrisi, M. (2011) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2011.27105 · Cited by 10
“Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by a triad of symptoms: limited reciprocal social interactions, disordered verbal and nonverbal communication, and restricted, repetitive behaviors or circumscribed interests (Tager-Flusberg & Caronna, 2007).”
Background
Sex differences during development in cortical temporal processing and event related potentials in wild-type and fragile X syndrome model mice
Croom, K., Rumschlag, J. A., Erickson, M. A., Binder, D. K., & Razak, K. A. (2024) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/s11689-024-09539-8 · Cited by 11
“Um” and “Uh” Usage Patterns in Children with Autism: Associations with Measures of Structural and Pragmatic Language Ability
Lawley, G. O., Bedrick, S. D., MacFarlane, H., Dolata, J. K., Salem, A. C., & Fombonne, E. J. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05565-4 · Cited by 10
“For those who fall between these two extremes, difficulties with structural language (i.e., vocabulary, phonology, and syntax) are common (Tager-Flusberg & Caronna, 2007; Wittke et al., 2017).”
Background
Can cerebral lateralisation explain heterogeneity in language and increased non-right handedness in autism? A literature review
Pearson, A., & Hodgetts, S. (2020) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103738 · Cited by 9
Using Telehealth-Delivered Procedures to Collect a Parent-Implemented Expressive Language Sampling Narrative Task in Monolingual and Bilingual Families With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study
Soriano, L. D. H., Bullard, L., Álvarez, C. E. H., Thurman, A. J., & Abbeduto, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences · doi:10.3389/fresc.2021.716550 · Cited by 8
Developmental trajectory and sex differences in auditory processing in a PTEN-deletion model of autism spectrum disorders
Croom, K., Rumschlag, J. A., Molinaro, G., Erickson, M. A., Binder, D. K., Huber, K. M., & Razak, K. A. (2024) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106628 · Cited by 7
Hand, Limb, and Other Motor Preferences
Malatesta, G., & Forrester, G. S. (2024) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4240-5_6 · Cited by 7
Identité et spécificité du « pédantisme » dans le syndrome d’Asperger
Beaud, L., & Guibert, C. D. (2011) · Neuropsychiatrie de l Enfance et de l Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.neurenf.2011.09.004 · Cited by 10
Structural language in neurodevelopmental disorders: comparison between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental language disorder (DLD)
Ανδρέου, Γ., Lymperopoulou, V., & Aslanoglou, V. (2025) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2025.1641303 · Cited by 6
Sex/Gender Differences in the Language Profiles of Italian Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Study
Barsotti, J., Mangani, G., Nencioli, R., Narzisi, A., Pfanner, L., Chilosi, A. M., Cipriani, P., Mancini, A., Cosenza, A., Tancredi, R., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12154923 · Cited by 5
Different hemispheric lateralization for periodicity and formant structure of vowels in the auditory cortex and its changes between childhood and adulthood
Orekhova, E. V., Fadeev, K. A., Goiaeva, D. E., Obukhova, T. S., Ovsiannikova, T. M., Prokofyev, A. O., & Stroganova, T. A. (2023) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2023.10.020 · Cited by 4
Vers une théorie clinique intégrée des désordres de la constellation autisitique
Gepner, B. (2012) · Développements · doi:10.3917/devel.010.0005 · Cited by 9
The Early Start Denver Model: Outcomes and Moderators of an Intervention for Toddlers with Autism
Sullivan, K. A. (2013) · ResearchWorks at the University of Washington (University of Washington) · Cited by 6

Authors: Tager-Flusberg, H., & Caronna, E.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
Boston Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Tager-Flusberg, Helen
ORCID: Tager-Flusberg, Helen
Venue: Pediatric Clinics of North America
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2007-06
Volume: 54
Issue: 3
Pages: 469-481
ISSN: 0031-3955 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2007.02.011
OpenAlex: W2005003902
Cited by: 181
References: 70
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 0.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Pediatric Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, pervasive developmental disorders, language disorders, communication disorders, pragmatic language, receptive language, expressive language, language profiles, autism screening, language intervention, toddlers and preschool children, school-aged children
MeSH terms: Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Language Development Disorders, Language Tests, Asperger Syndrome, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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Language Disorders: Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders

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