Cited by 99Cholesterol and Lipid MetabolismLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthParaoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms

Determinants of cholesterol efflux capacity in humans

Talbot, Charlotte P.J., Plat, Jogchum, Ritsch, Andreas, Mensink, Ronald P.·2018·Progress in Lipid Research

Abstract

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) play an important role in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway, contributing to the efflux of excess cellular cholesterol. However, the classic hypothesis that raising HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has been challenged by recent intervention studies. Nowadays, improving cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL particles is considered to be a better target for the prevention of CVD. We will first briefly summarize assays that have been developed in order to quantify HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages. However, the main purpose of this review is to discuss factors and ABC-transporters that are associated with HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux, such as HDL particle characteristics (i.e. HDL size and composition), subjects' characteristics (i.e. gender, BMI and age), HDL-C raising drugs, lifestyle, genetic background, as well as acute and low-grade systemic inflammation. Results suggested that factors associated with small HDL particles efficiently promote cholesterol efflux via the ABCA1 transporter. This appears to contradict findings from epidemiological studies suggesting that in particular large HDL 2 particles are related to a reduced CVD risk. It is therefore essential not only to understand targets to increase cholesterol efflux capacity, but also to prove causality between cholesterol efflux capacity and the prevention of CVD risk.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.12.001

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  • Cholesterol can leave atherosclerotic plaque by three routes: efflux to HDL for blood return, emigration of foam cells carrying cholesterol, and efferocytosis of old foam cells by efflux-competent macrophages that may then leave the lesion.

    “Three mechanisms are available for cholesterol removal from the atherosclerotic plaque (FIG. 3).”

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Authors
Talbot, C. P. J., Plat, J., Ritsch, A., & Mensink, R. P.
Affiliations
  • Maastricht University (NL)
  • Innsbruck Medical University (AT)
Corresponding author
Mensink, Ronald P.
Venue
Progress in Lipid Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-01
Volume
69
Pages
21-32
ISSN
0163-7827 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2780738847
Cited by
99
References
157
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 11 · 2014: 1
FWCI
2.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Progress in Lipid Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
Keywords
cholesterol efflux capacity, HDL cholesterol, reverse cholesterol transport, HDL particle size, ABC transporters, macrophages, cardiovascular risk, lifestyle factors, genetic background, low-grade inflammation
MeSH terms
Hypolipidemic Agents, Biological Transport, Cholesterol, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL

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