Delivery of peptide and protein drugs over the blood–brain barrier
Abstract
Peptide and protein (P/P) drugs have been identified as showing great promises for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases. A major challenge in this regard, however, is the delivery of P/P drugs over the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Intense research over the last 25 years has enabled a better understanding of the cellular and molecular transport mechanisms at the BBB, and several strategies for enhanced P/P drug delivery over the BBB have been developed and tested in preclinical and clinical-experimental research. Among them, technology-based approaches (comprising functionalized nanocarriers and liposomes) and pharmacological strategies (such as the use of carrier systems and chimeric peptide technology) appear to be the most promising ones. This review combines a comprehensive overview on the current understanding of the transport mechanisms at the BBB with promising selected strategies published so far that can be applied to facilitate enhanced P/P drug delivery over the BBB.
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Tight junctions are not perfect; small and soluble substances can sufficiently cross through the paracellular pathway.
“But the tight junctions are not perfect, small and soluble substances could sufficiently cross through the paracellular pathway.149”
From The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery (2023) · cites this paper as [149]
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- Authors
- Brasnjevic, I., Steinbusch, H. W. M., Schmitz, C., & Martinez-Martinez, P.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Venue
- Progress in Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-04
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 212-251
- ISSN
- 0301-0082 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2009244092
- Cited by
- 279
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 1.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Progress in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Keywords
- blood-brain barrier, peptide therapeutics, protein drugs, neurodegenerative diseases, liposomes, carrier systems
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Transport, Blood-Brain Barrier, Drug Carriers, Humans, Peptides, Proteins, Drug Delivery Systems
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