Strategy for effective brain drug delivery
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) together with enzymes restricts the entry of substances for maintaining the internal milieu of the brain. Because of the presence of multiple endogenous transporters, BBB allows a selective entry of nutrients and minerals across it and limits the entry of foreign substances like drugs as well as neuropharmaceutical agents. This makes the CNS treatment ineffective. The conventional drug delivery systems which release drug into general circulation fail to deliver drugs effectively to brain and is therefore not very useful in treating certain diseases that affect CNS including Alzheimer's disease, dementia, Parkinson's disease, mood disorder, AIDS, viral and bacterial meningitis. Therefore there is a need to develop and design approaches which specifically target to brain in a better and effective way. The present review enlightens about several novel approaches including nanotechnology based approach like nanoparticles, liposomes, antibody mediated delivery approach and application of genomics in brain drug targeting that would give an insight to the researchers, academia and industrialists.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Nasal administration of drugs using the nose-to-brain pathway allows direct drug targeting into the brain, avoiding the first-pass effect and bypassing the BBB.
“The nasal administration of drugs using the nose-to-brain pathway allows direct drug targeting into the brain, avoiding the first-pass effect and bypassing the BBB.”
From Nanoemulsions for “Nose-to-Brain” Drug Delivery (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
Nose-to-brain drug delivery is a painless, non-invasive administration route that can deliver therapeutic agents into the brain by bypassing the blood-brain barrier.
“Nose-to-brain drug delivery is a painless, non-invasive administration route that can be used to deliver therapeutic agents into the brain by bypassing the BBB [10,14,15,16,17].”
From Nanoemulsions for “Nose-to-Brain” Drug Delivery (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
Because of the direct connection provided by the olfactory and trigeminal nerves between the olfactory epithelium and the brain, drug targeting can be achieved by administering formulations onto the nasal mucosa.
“Thanks to the direct connection provided by the olfactory and trigeminal nerves present between the olfactory epithelium and the brain, drug targeting can be achieved with the administration of formulations onto nasal mucosa [10,11,12].”
From Nanoemulsions for “Nose-to-Brain” Drug Delivery (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
Cites
Prusiner, S. B. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.23.13363 · Cited by 5,373 · see citing works
Immunization with amyloid-β attenuates Alzheimer-disease-like pathology in the PDAPP mouse
Schenk, D., Barbour, R., Dunn, W., Gordon, G., Grajeda, H., Guido, T., Hu, K., Huang, J., Johnson-Wood, K., Khan, K., et al. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/22124 · Cited by 3,160 · see citing works
Diatchenko, L. B., Lau, Y. C., Campbell, A. P., Chenchik, A. A., Moqadam, F., Huang, B. C. B., Lukyanov, S., Lukyanov, K. A., Gurskaya, N. G., Sverdlov, E. D., et al. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.12.6025 · Cited by 3,009 · see citing works
The blood-brain barrier/neurovascular unit in health and disease
Hawkins, B. T., & Davis, T. P. (2005) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.57.2.4 · Cited by 2,661 · see citing works
In Vivo Protein Transduction: Delivery of a Biologically Active Protein into the Mouse
Schwarze, S. R., Ho, A. L., Vocero-Akbani, A. M., & Dowdy, S. F. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.285.5433.1569 · Cited by 2,418 · see citing works
Brem, H., Piantadosi, S., Burger, P. C., Walker, M., Selker, R. G., Vick, N. A., Black, K. L., Sisti, M. B., Brem, S. S., Mohr, G., et al. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90755-6 · Cited by 1,390 · see citing works
Pardridge, W. M. (2007) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2006.10.013 · Cited by 1,191 · see citing works
Extracellular space structure revealed by diffusion analysis
Nicholson, C., & Syková, E. (1998) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(98)01261-2 · Cited by 914 · see citing works
Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems: An Update Review
Samad, A., Sultana, Y., & Aqil, M. (2007) · Current Drug Delivery · doi:10.2174/156720107782151269 · Cited by 909 · see citing works
Self-citationTransport of drugs from the nasal cavity to the central nervous system
Illum, L. (2000) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0928-0987(00)00087-7 · Cited by 907 · see citing works
Blood-brain barrier active efflux transporters: ATP-binding cassette gene family
Löscher, W., & Potschka, H. (2004) · NeuroRx · doi:10.1602/neurorx.2.1.86 · Cited by 873 · see citing works
Randomized, double-blind trial of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in PD
Nutt, J. G., Burchiel, K. J., Comella, C., Jankovic, J. J., Lang, A. E., Laws, E. R., Lozano, A. M., Penn, R. D., Simpson, R. K., Stacy, M. A., et al. (2003) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.60.1.69 · Cited by 816 · see citing works
The blood–brain and the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers: function and dysfunction
Engelhardt, B., & Sorokin, L. M. (2009) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-009-0177-0 · Cited by 792 · see citing works
Nanoparticle Surface Charges Alter Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Permeability
Lockman, P. R., Koziara, J. M., Mumper, R. J., & Allen, D. D. (2004) · Journal of drug targeting · doi:10.1080/10611860400015936 · Cited by 742 · see citing works
Nanoparticles for direct nose-to-brain delivery of drugs
Mistry, A., Stolnik, S., & Illum, L. (2009) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.06.019 · Cited by 734 · see citing works
Role of nanotechnology in targeted drug delivery and imaging: a concise review
Koo, O. M. Y., Rubinstein, I., & Önyüksel, H. (2005) · Nanomedicine Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.nano.2005.06.004 · Cited by 718 · see citing works
BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER DRUG TARGETING: THE FUTURE OF BRAIN DRUG DEVELOPMENT
Pardridge, W. M. (2003) · Molecular Interventions · doi:10.1124/mi.3.2.90 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Delivery of therapeutic agents to the central nervous system: the problems and the possibilities
Begley, D. J. (2004) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.08.001 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
Differentiation of endothelium
Risau, W. (1995) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.9.10.7615161 · Cited by 612 · see citing works
Intranasal delivery: Physicochemical and therapeutic aspects
Costantino, H. R., Illum, L., Brandt, G., Johnson, P. H., & Quay, S. C. (2007) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.03.025 · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Therapeutic applications of lipid-coated microbubbles
Unger, E. C., Porter, T. R., Culp, W. C., LaBell, R., Matsunaga, T. O., & Zutshi, R. (2004) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2003.12.006 · Cited by 591 · see citing works
Significant Transport of Doxorubicin into the Brain with Polysorbate 80-Coated Nanoparticles
Gulyaev, A. E., Gelperina, S. E., Skidan, I. N., Antropov, A. S., Kivman, G. Y., & Kreuter, J. (1999) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1018983904537 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Electrical resistance of brain microvascular endothelium
Crone, C., & Olesen, S. P. (1982) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)91227-6 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Delivery of peptides and proteins through the blood–brain barrier
Bickel, U., Yoshikawa, T., & Pardridge, W. M. (2001) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(00)00139-3 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Yang, S. C., Lu, L. F., Cai, Y., Zhu, J. B., Liang, B. W., & Yang, C. Z. (1999) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00007-3 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Restoration of neural output from a paralyzed patient by a direct brain connection
Kennedy, P. R., & Bakay, R. A. E. (1998) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199806010-00007 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Pericytes: Cell Biology and Pathology
Allt, G., & Lawrenson, J. G. (2001) · Cells Tissues Organs · doi:10.1159/000047855 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Intranasal nanoemulsion based brain targeting drug delivery system of risperidone
Kumar, M., Misra, A., Babbar, A. K., Mishra, A. K., Mishra, P., & Pathak, K. (2008) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.03.029 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Chemotherapy of glioblastoma in rats using doxorubicin‐loaded nanoparticles
Steiniger, S. C. J., Kreuter, J., Khalansky, A. S., Skidan, I. N., Bobruskin, A. I., Smirnova, Z. S., Severin, E. S., Uhl, R., Kock, M., Geiger, K. D., et al. (2004) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.20048 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Osmotic Opening of the Blood–Brain Barrier: Principles, Mechanism, and Therapeutic Applications
Rapoport, S. I. (2000) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1023/a:1007049806660 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Uchino, H., Kanai, Y., Kim, D. K., Wempe, M. F., Chairoungdua, A., Morimoto, E., Anders, M. W., & Endou, H. (2002) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.61.4.729 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Drug and Gene Delivery to the Brain
Pardridge, W. M. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)01054-1 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Nanogels for Oligonucleotide Delivery to the Brain
Vinogradov, S. V., Batrakova, E. V., & Kabanov, A. V. (2003) · Bioconjugate Chemistry · doi:10.1021/bc034164r · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Hocking, G., & Wildsmith, J. A. W. (2004) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aeh204 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Alyautdin, R. N., Petrov, V. E., Langer, K., Berthold, A., Kharkevich, D. A., & Kreuter, J. (1997) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1012098005098 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Pardridge, W. M., Kang, Y., Buciak, J. L., & Yang, J. (1995) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1016244500596 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Preparation of estradiol chitosan nanoparticles for improving nasal absorption and brain targeting
Wang, X., Chi, N., & Tang, X. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.07.005 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Pharmacokinetics of long-circulating liposomes
Allen, T. M., Hansen, C. B., & de Menezes, D. E. L. (1995) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/0169-409x(95)00029-7 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Pharmacokinetics of the Carmustine Implant
Fleming, A. B., & Saltzman, W. M. (2002) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200241060-00002 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Delivery of peptide and protein drugs over the blood–brain barrier
Brasnjevic, I., Steinbusch, H. W. M., Schmitz, C., & Martinez-Martinez, P. (2009) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2008.12.002 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
WILSON, B., Samanta, M. K., Santhi, K., KUMAR, K., Paramakrishnan, N., & Suresh, B. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.03.009 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Nanoparticle Technology for Delivery of Drugs Across the Blood–Brain Barrier
Schröeder, U., Sommerfeld, P., Ulrich, S., & Sabel, B. A. (1998) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1021/js980084y · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Brain-specific expression of an exogenous gene after i.v. administration
Shi, N., Zhang, Y., Zhu, C., Boado, R. J., & Pardridge, W. M. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.221450098 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Illum, L., & Davis, S. S. (1984) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(84)80836-4 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Vyas, T. K., Shahiwala, A., & Amiji, M. M. (2008) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.06.016 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Nasal Drug Administration: Potential for Targeted Central Nervous System Delivery
Graff, C. L., & Pollack, G. M. (2005) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1002/jps.20318 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Ultrasound for drug and gene delivery to the brain
Hynynen, K. (2008) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2008.03.010 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Attenello, F. J., Mukherjee, D. R., Datoo, G., McGirt, M. J., Bohan, E. M., WEINGART, J. D., Olivi, A., Quiñones‐Hinojosa, A., & Brem, H. (2008) · Annals of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1245/s10434-008-0048-2 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Molecular and cellular permeability control at the blood-brain barrier
Gloor, S. M., Wachtel, M., Bolliger, M. F., Ishihara, H., Landmann, R., & Frei, K. (2001) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(01)00102-3 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Dou, H., Grotepas, C. B., McMillan, J., Destache, C. J., Chaubal, M. V., Werling, J. O., Kipp, J., Rabinow, B. E., & Gendelman, H. E. (2009) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0900274 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Physiology and pharmacological role of the blood-brain barrier.
Bernacki, J., Dobrowolska, A., Nierwińska, K., & Małecki, A. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Brigger, I., Morizet, J., Aubert, G., Chacun, H., Terrier‐Lacombe, M., Couvreur, P., & Vassal, G. (2002) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.102.039669 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Tosi, G., Costantino, L., Rivasi, F., Ruozi, B., Leo, E., Vergoni, A. V., Tacchi, R., Bertolini, A., Vandelli, M. A., & Forni, F. (2007) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.05.022 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Vykhodtseva, N. I., Hynynen, K., & Damianou, C. (1995) · Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology · doi:10.1016/0301-5629(95)00038-s · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Alyautdin, R. N., Tezikov, E. B., Ramge, P., Kharkevich, D. A., Begley, D. J., & Kreuter, J. (1998) · Journal of Microencapsulation · doi:10.3109/02652049809006836 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
The potential for nanoparticle-based drug delivery to the brain: overcoming the blood–brain barrier
Barbu, E., Molnar, E. M., Tsibouklis, J., & Górecki, D. C. (2009) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1517/17425240902939143 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Folate-Mediated Targeting of Therapeutic and Imaging Agents to Cancers
Reddy, J. A., & Low, P. S. (1998) · Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems · doi:10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.v15.i6.20 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Gabizón, A., Goren, D., Horowitz, A. T., Tzemach, D., Lossos, A., & Siegal, T. (1997) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(96)00476-0 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Positioning of follicular dendritic cells within the spleen controls prion neuroinvasion
Prinz, M., Heikenwälder, M. F., Junt, T., Schwarz, P., Glatzel, M., Heppner, F. L., Fu, Y., Lipp, M., & Aguzzi, A. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02072 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Fung, L. K., Shin, M., Tyler, B., Brem, H., & Saltzman, W. M. (1996) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1016083113123 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Reddy, L. H., Sharma, R. K., Chuttani, K., Mishra, A. K., & Murthy, R. S. R. (2005) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.02.028 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Selvi, B. R., Jagadeesan, D., Suma, B. S., Nagashankar, G., Arif, M., Balasubramanyam, K., Eswaramoorthy, M., & Kundu, T. K. (2008) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl801503m · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Sensory circumventricular organs: central roles in integrated autonomic regulation
Cottrell, G. T., & Ferguson, A. V. (2003) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2003.09.004 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Drug transport to brain with targeted liposomes
Schnyder, A., & Huwyler, J. (2004) · NeuroRx · doi:10.1602/neurorx.2.1.99 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Biodegradable polymer implants to treat brain tumors
Brem, H., & Gabikian, P. (2001) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(01)00311-x · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Prevents Thalamic Degeneration after Cortical Infarction
Yamada, K., Kinoshita, A., Kohmura, E., Sakaguchi, T., Taguchi, J., Kataoka, K., & Hayakawa, T. (1991) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1991.90 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
From nose to brain: understanding transport capacity and transport rate of drugs
Wu, H., Hu, K., & Jiang, X. (2008) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1517/17425247.5.10.1159 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Targeted delivery of paclitaxel using folate-decorated poly(lactide)-vitamin E TPGS nanoparticles
Pan, J., & Feng, S.-S. (2008) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.02.020 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
McDannold, N. J., Vykhodtseva, N. I., Jolesz, F. A., & Hynynen, K. (2004) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.20060 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Drug delivery to brain via the blood–brain barrier
Scherrmann, J. M. (2002) · Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s1537-1891(02)00202-1 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Wang, J.-X., Sun, X., & Zhang, Z.-R. (2002) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/s0939-6411(02)00083-8 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Global non-viral gene transfer to the primate brain following intravenous administration
Zhang, Y., Schlachetzki, F., & Pardridge, W. M. (2003) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/s1525-0016(02)00018-7 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Mucoadhesive nanoemulsion-based intranasal drug delivery system of olanzapine for brain targeting
Kumar, M., Misra, A., Mishra, A. K., Mishra, P., & Pathak, K. (2008) · Journal of Drug Targeting · doi:10.1080/10611860802476504 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Blood−brain barrier transporters and response to CNS-active drugs
Urquhart, B. L., & Kim, R. B. (2009) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-009-0714-8 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
MacKay, J. A., Deen, D. F., & Szoka, F. C. (2005) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2004.12.007 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., & Pardridge, W. M. (2001) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03108-5 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Development of microspheres for neurological disorders: From basics to clinical applications
Benoît, J., Faisant, N., Venier‐Julienne, M., & Meneï, P. (2000) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00250-3 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Li, J. Y., Boado, R. J., & Pardridge, W. M. (2001) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/00004647-200101000-00008 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
A Direct In Vitro Demonstration of Insulin Binding to Isolated Brain Microvessels
Frank, H. J. L., & Pardridge, W. M. (1981) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.30.9.757 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Local drug delivery to the brain
Wang, P. P., Frazier, J., & Brem, H. (2002) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(02)00054-6 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Recent advances in the brain targeting of neuropharmaceuticals by chemical delivery systems
Bodor, N. S., & Buchwald, P. (1999) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00090-8 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Human blood-brain barrier insulin-like growth factor receptor
Duffy, K. R., Pardridge, W. M., & Rosenfeld, R. G. (1988) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90007-5 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Electrical resistance of a capillary endothelium.
Crone, C. G., & Christensen, O. (1981) · The Journal of General Physiology · doi:10.1085/jgp.77.4.349 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Sarafian, T. A., Montes, C., Imura, T., Qi, J., Coppola, G., Geschwind, D. H., & Sofroniew, M. V. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009532 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
The Role of the Choroid Plexus in Neutrophil Invasion after Traumatic Brain Injury
Szmydynger‐Chodobska, J., Strazielle, N., Zink, B. J., Ghersi‐Egea, J., & Chodobski, A. (2009) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.71 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Development of neuropeptide drugs that cross the blood-brain barrier
Egleton, R. D., & Davis, T. P. (2004) · NeuroRx · doi:10.1602/neurorx.2.1.44 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Temozolomide in Non-human Primates
Patel, M. C., McCully, C. L., Godwin, K., et al. (2003) · Journal of Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1023/a:1022592913323 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
McDannold, N. J., Vykhodtseva, N. I., & Hynynen, K. (2007) · Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.10.004 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Bioavailability and Transport of Peptides and Peptide Drugs into the Brain
Egleton, R. D., & Davis, T. P. (1997) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/s0196-9781(97)00242-8 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Alyautdin, R. N., Gothier, D., Петров, Kharkevich, D. A., & Kreuter, J. (1995) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Nanoparticles as drug delivery agents specific for CNS: in vivo biodistribution
Vergoni, A. V., Tosi, G., Tacchi, R., Vandelli, M. A., Bertolini, A., & Costantino, L. (2009) · Nanomedicine Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.nano.2009.02.005 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Progress in Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System by the Prodrug Approach
Pavan, B., Dalpiaz, A., Ciliberti, N., Biondi, C., Manfredini, S., & Vertuani, S. (2008) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules13051035 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Borlongan, C. V., & Emerich, D. F. (2003) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(03)00043-1 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Drug delivery to damaged brain
Lo, E. H. (2001) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(01)00083-2 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Cornford, E. M., Hyman, S., & Swartz, B. E. (1994) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1994.15 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Fritze, K., Sommer, C., Schmitz, B., et al. (1997) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s004010050734 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Potential of Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems by Intranasal Administration
Ali, J., Ali, M., Baboota, S., Sahni, J. K., Ramassamy, C., Dao, L. H., & Bhavna (2010) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/138161210791164108 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Self-citationDesai, A. R., Vyas, T. K., & Amiji, M. M. (2007) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1002/jps.21182 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Enhanced Prospects for Drug Delivery and Brain Targeting by the Choroid Plexus–CSF Route
Johanson, C. E., Duncan, J. A., Stopa, E. G., & Baird, A. (2005) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-005-6039-0 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Zhang, L., Yu, F., Cole, A. J., Chertok, B., David, A. E., Wang, J., & Yang, V. C.-M. (2009) · The AAPS Journal · doi:10.1208/s12248-009-9151-y · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy: efficacy and mechanism of action in colorectal carcinoma.
Napier, M. P., Sharma, S., Springer, C. J., et al. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Pulkkinen, M., Pikkarainen, J. T., Wirth, T., TARVAINEN, T., Haapa‐aho, V., KORHONEN, H., Seppälä, J. V., & Järvinen, K. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.04.018 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Ying, W. (2006) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/2267 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Membrane transporter proteins: a challenge for CNS drug development
Girardin, F. R. (2006) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2006.8.3/fgirardin · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Zloković, B. V., Mačkić, J. B., Wang, L., McComb, J. G., & McDonough, A. A. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53058-1 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Preliminary brain-targeting studies on intranasal mucoadhesive microemulsions of sumatriptan
Vyas, T. K., Babbar, A. K., Sharma, R. K., Singh, S. S., & Misra, A. R. (2006) · AAPS PharmSciTech · doi:10.1208/pt070108 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Modulation of Brain Tumor Capillaries for Enhanced Drug Delivery Selectively to Brain Tumor
Black, K. L., & Ningaraj, N. S. (2004) · Cancer Control · doi:10.1177/107327480401100304 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Delivery of Galanin-Like Peptide to the Brain: Targeting with Intranasal Delivery and Cyclodextrins
Nonaka, N., Farr, S. A., Kageyama, H., Shioda, S., & Banks, W. A. (2008) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.107.132381 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Emerich, D. F., Dean, R. L., Osborn, C., & Bartus, R. T. (2001) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200140020-00003 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Solid lipid nanoparticles of temozolomide: Potential reduction of cardial and nephric toxicity
Huang, G., Zhang, N., Bi, X., & Dou, M. (2007) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.12.013 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Barriers to carrier mediated drug and gene delivery to brain tumors
Huynh, G. H., Deen, D. F., & Szoka, F. C. (2005) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.09.053 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Activation of prodrugs by antibody‐enzyme conjugates: a new approach to cancer therapy
Senter, P. D. (1990) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.4.2.2404820 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Local Chemotherapy with Cisplatin-depot for Glioblastoma Multiforme
Sheleg, S. V., Korotkevich, E. A., Zhavrid, E. A., et al. (2002) · Journal of Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1023/a:1020288015457 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
The blood-brain barrier and neurotherapeutics
Pardridge, W. M. (2004) · NeuroRx · doi:10.1602/neurorx.2.1.1 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Antibody-Enzyme Conjugates for Cancer Therapy
Melton, R., & Sherwood, R. F. (1996) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/88.3-4.153 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Rabchevsky, A. G., Degos, J., & Dreyfus, P. A. (1999) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01479-1 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Transfer of Dopamine in the Olfactory Pathway Following Nasal Administration in Mice
Dahlin, M., Bergman, U., Jansson, B., Björk, E., & Brittebo, E. B. (2000) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1007542618378 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Garzon-Aburbeh, A., Poupaert, J. H., Claesen, M. H., et al. (1986) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm00155a018 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Clinical Pharmacology of Encapsulated Sustained-Release Cytarabine
Murry, D. J., & Blaney, S. M. (2000) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.19347 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Westin, U., Piras, E., Jansson, B., Bergström, U., Dahlin, M., Brittebo, E. B., & Björk, E. (2005) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2005.01.009 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Peptide-based drug design, controlling transport and metabolism
Vollmar, A. M. (1996) · Toxicon · doi:10.1016/0041-0101(96)83842-6 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
The brain targeting efficiency following nasally applied MPEG-PLA nanoparticles in rats
Zhang, Q., Zha, L., Zhang, Y., Jiang, W.-M., Lü, W., Shi, Z., Jiang, X., & Fu, S. (2006) · Journal of drug targeting · doi:10.1080/10611860600721051 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Structural changes in the rat brain after carotid infusions of hyperosmolar solutions
Salahuddin, T. S., Johansson, B. B., Kalimo, H., & Olsson, Y. (1988) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00688236 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Groothuis, D. R., Benalcazar, H., Allen, C. V., Wise, R. M., Dills, C. V., Dobrescu, C., Rothholtz, V. S., & Levy, R. M. (2000) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02089-2 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Kizelsztein, P., Ovadia, H., Garbuzenko, O. B., et al. (2009) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.05.019 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Direct Nose-to-Brain Transfer of Morphine After Nasal Administration to Rats
Westin, U. E., Boström, E., Gråsjö, J., Hammarlund‐Udenaes, M., & Björk, E. (2006) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-006-9534-z · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Preparation and Therapeutic Efficacy of Polysorbate-80-Coated Amphotericin B/PLA-b-PEG Nanoparticles
Ren, T., Xu, N., Cao, C., Yuan, W., Xiao, Y., Chen, J., & Ren, J. (2009) · Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition · doi:10.1163/092050609x12457418779185 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Soni, S., Babbar, A. K., Sharma, R. K., & Maitra, A. (2006) · Journal of drug targeting · doi:10.1080/10611860600635608 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Salahuddin, T. S., Kalimo, H., Johansson, B. B., & Olsson, Y. (1988) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00687674 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Manninger, S., Muldoon, L. L., Nesbit, G. M., Murillo, T. P., Jacobs, P. M., & Neuwelt, E. A. (2005) · PubMed Central · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Kerr, J. Z., Berg, S. L., & Blaney, S. M. (2001) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/s1040-8428(00)00115-3 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The in vivo delivery of heterologous proteins by microencapsulated recombinant cells
Chang, P. L. (1999) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/s0167-7799(98)01250-5 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Kawakami, K., Kawakami, M., Kioi, M., et al. (2004) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.2004.101.6.1004 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Lossinsky, A. S., VORBRODT, A. W., & Wı́sniewski, H. M. (1995) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01191215 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Kurihara, A., Deguchi, Y., & Pardridge, W. M. (1999) · Bioconjugate Chemistry · doi:10.1021/bc980123x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Peptide-based drug design : controlling transport and metabolism
Taylor, M. D., & Amidon, G. L. (1995) · Toxicon · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Zylber‐Katz, E. (2000) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1067/mcp.2000.106932 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Genetic delivery of enzymes for cancer therapy.
Deonarain, M., Spooner, R. A., & Aa, E. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Erdlenbruch, B., Schinkhof, C., Kugler, W., Heinemann, D. E. H., Herms, J. W., Eibl, H., & Lakomek, M. (2003) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705302 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Suzuki, T., Wu, D., Schlachetzki, F., Li, J. Y., Boado, R. J., & Pardridge, W. M. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Imaging brain tumors by targeting peptide radiopharmaceuticals through the blood-brain barrier.
Kurihara, A., & Pardridge, W. M. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Brain Drug Targeting and Gene Technologies
Pardridge, W. M. (2001) · The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1254/jjp.87.97 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Mahoney, M. J., & Saltzman, W. M. (1996) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1021/js9601602 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Wang, M., Etu, J. J., & Joshi, S. (2007) · Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/ana.0b013e3181453851 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
A direct in vitro demonstration of insulin binding to isolated brain microvessels
Frank, H. J., & Pardridge, W. M. (1981) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.30.9.757 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Vector-mediated peptide drug delivery to the brain
Pardridge, W. M. (1995) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/0169-409x(95)00007-t · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Boucher, B. A., Feler, C. A., Dean, J. C., et al. (1996) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1996.tb03646.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Khan, M. S., Patil, K., Yeole, P. G., & Gaikwad, R. V. (2009) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1211/jpp.61.05.0017 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Rainov, N. G., Ikeda, K., Nh, Q., Grover, S., Herrlinger, U., Pechan, P. A., Chiocca, E. A., Breakefield, X. O., & Barnett, F. H. (1999) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/10430349950019093 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Drug Delivery Systems for Brain Tumor Therapy
Rautioa, J., & Chikhale, P. J. (2004) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612043384916 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
A new application for liposomes in cancer therapy
Vingerhoeds, M. H., Haisma, H. J., van Muijen, M., et al. (1993) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)80861-n · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Assembly and Dissociation of Human Insulin and LysB28ProB29-Insulin Hexamers: A Comparison Study
Birnbaum, D. T., Kilcomons, M. A., DeFelippis, M. R., et al. (1997) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1012095115151 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Implantable Devices for Chronic Access and Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System
Ommaya, A. K. (1984) · Cancer Drug Delivery · doi:10.1089/cdd.1984.1.169 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Haisma, H. J., Sernee, M. F., Hooijberg, E., et al. (1998) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v92.1.184.413k26_184_190 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Extended-Duration Analgesia: Update on Microspheres and Liposomes
Rose, J. B., Neal, J. M., & Kopacz, D. J. (2005) · Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rapm.2005.01.004 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Interfacing the body’s own sensing receptors into neural prosthesis devices
Haugland, M. K., & Sinkjær, T. (1999) · Technology and Health Care · doi:10.3233/thc-1999-7603 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Kobiler, D., Lustig, S., Gozes, Y., Ben‐Nathan, D., & Akov, Y. (1989) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)91079-2 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Brewster, M. E., & Loftsson, Þ. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Intra-arterial delivery of p53-containing adenoviral vector into experimental brain tumors
Abé, T., Wakimoto, H., Bookstein, R., et al. (2002) · Cancer Gene Therapy · doi:10.1038/sj.cgt.7700437 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Neuro-oncology: the growing role of chemotherapy in glioma
Carpentier, A. F. (2004) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(04)00944-5 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Targeting of antiviral drugs to T4-lymphocytes
Molema, G., Jansen, R. W., Pauwels, R., et al. (1990) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(90)90577-8 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
PPAR agonists as direct modulators of the vessel wall in cardiovascular disease
Buchan, K. W., & Hassall, D. G. (2000) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/1098-1128(200009)20:5 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Shubar, H. M., Dunay, I. R., Lachenmaier, S., Dathe, M., Bushrab, F. N., Mauludın, R., Müller, R. H., Fitzner, R., Borner, K., & Liesenfeld, O. (2009) · Journal of drug targeting · doi:10.1080/10611860902718680 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Intranasal administration of a PARG inhibitor profoundly decreases ischemic brain injury
Wei, G. (2007) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/2443 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Erdlenbruch, B., Jendrossek, V., Kugler, W., et al. (2002) · Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00280-002-0497-4 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
A two-step targeting approach for delivery of doxorubicin-loaded liposomes to tumour cells in vivo
Longman, S. A., Cullis, P. R., Choi, L. S. L., et al. (1995) · Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00689191 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The effect of polysorbate 80 on brain uptake and analgesic effect of D-kyotorphin
Sakane, T., Tanaka, C., Yamamoto, A., et al. (1989) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/0378-5173(89)90266-4 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Advances in antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy.
Sharma, S. K., Bagshawe, K. D., & Beǵent, R. H. J. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Simian immunodeficiency virus disrupts extended lengths of the blood–brain barrier
MacLean, A. G., Belenchia, G., Bieniemy, D. N., Moroney‐Rasmussen, T., & Lackner, A. A. (2005) · Journal of Medical Primatology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0684.2005.00121.x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Drug delivery to the brain utilizing blood-brain barrier transport systems
Terasaki, T., & Tsuji, A. (1994) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(94)90132-5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Kurihara, J., Nishigaki, M., Suzuki, S., et al. (2001) · The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1254/jjp.87.93 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Transport across the blood-brain barrier using albumin nanoparticles
Park, K. (2009) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.05.004 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Controlled release formulations in neurology practice
Pandit, J., Singh, S. K., & Muthu, M. (2006) · Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · doi:10.4103/0972-2327.29202 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Pharmacology of intrathecal VP-16-213 in dogs
Savaraj, N., Feun, L., Lu, K., et al. (1992) · Journal of Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1007/bf00172472 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Facile, One-Step Preparation of Trigonellinate Esters
Brewster, M. E., Venkatraghavan, V., Shek, E., et al. (1987) · Synthetic Communications · doi:10.1080/00397918708063923 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Influx transporters and drug targeting: Application of peptide and cation transporters
Tsuji, A. (2005) · International Congress Series · doi:10.1016/j.ics.2005.02.013 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Аляутдин, Р. Н., Petrov, V. E., Aa, I., Kreuter, J., & Kharkevich, D. A. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier
(1986) · Inpharma Weekly · doi:10.1007/bf03291533 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pardeshi, C. V., & Belgamwar, V. S. (2013) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1517/17425247.2013.790887 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Evolving Drug Delivery Strategies to Overcome the Blood Brain Barrier
S. Hersh, D., S. Wadajkar, A., B. Roberts, N., G. Perez, J., P. Connolly, N., Frenkel, V., A. Winkles, J., F. Woodworth, G., & J. Kim, A. (2016) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612822666151221150733 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Surface-Modified Nanocarriers for Nose-To-Brain Delivery: From Bioadhesion to Targeting
Sonvico, F., Clementino, A. R., Buttini, F., Colombo, G., Pescina, S., Stanisçuaski Guterres, S., Raffin Pohlmann, A., & Nicoli, S. (2018) · doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0077.v1 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Nanoemulsions for “Nose-to-Brain” Drug Delivery
Bonferoni, M. C., Rossi, S., Sandri, G., Ferrari, F., Gavini, E., Rassu, G., & Giunchedi, P. (2019) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics11020084 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Colombo, M., Figueiró, F., de Fraga Dias, A., Teixeira, H. F., Battastini, A. M. O., & Koester, L. S. (2018) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.055 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Shah, B., Khunt, D., Misra, M., & Padh, H. (2016) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.076 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Pandey, Y. R., Kumar, S., Gupta, B. K., Ali, J., & Baboota, S. (2016) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/0957-4484/27/2/025102 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, H., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., Tong, L., Wang, F., Song, S., Xu, L., Liu, B., Yan, H., & Sun, Z. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.717192 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Srinageshwar, B., Peruzzaro, S., Andrews, M., Johnson, K., Hietpas, A., Clark, B., McGuire, C., Petersen, E., Kippe, J., Stewart, A., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18030628 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Opportunities and challenges for the nasal administration of nanoemulsions
Comfort, C., Garrastazu, G., Pozzoli, M., & Sonvico, F. (2015) · Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/1568026615666150108144655 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Drug Delivery Systems as a Strategy to Improve the Efficacy of FDA-Approved Alzheimer’s Drugs
Nunes, D., Loureiro, J. A., & Pereira, M. C. (2022) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14112296 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Yalcin, A., Soddu, E., Turunc Bayrakdar, E., Uyanikgil, Y., Kanit, L., Armagan, G., Rassu, G., Gavini, E., & Giunchedi, P. (2016) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2016.05.017 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Elhabak, M., Salama, A. A. A., & Salama, A. H. (2023) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122588 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
- Authors
- Alam, M. I., Beg, S., Samad, A., Baboota, S., Kohli, K., Ali, J., Ahuja, A., & Akbar, M.
- Affiliations
- Jamia Hamdard (IN)
- Oman Medical College (OM)
- Corresponding author
- Baboota, Sanjula
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 385-403
- ISSN
- 0928-0987 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2016864853
- Cited by
- 415
- References
- 178
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 1.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Keywords
- blood-brain barrier, brain drug delivery, central nervous system disorders, nanoparticles, liposomes, neuropharmaceuticals, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, meningitis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Transport, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain, Central Nervous System Diseases, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Humans, Proteins, Technology, Pharmaceutical, Drug Design, Drug Delivery Systems, Mice, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review