The DOI matches its Crossref record; 88 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy of GABA: A methodological review
Open accessAbstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a powerful methodology that allows the direct detection of endogenous metabolites in the human body non-invasively in vivo. Although historically most often applied within a clinical context, there is increasing uptake (as there is with structural and functional MR imaging) of MRS to study the healthy brain. Although the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human brain GABA, or γ-aminobutyric acid (H3N+CH2CH2CH2COO−), is only present in the human brain at millimolar levels, it is possible to measure GABA concentration with MRS, usually by tailoring the MRS experiment specifically to isolate GABA signals from the spectrum. This review will summarize the MRS methods proposed for detecting GABA, and address their various applications to date. Although the majority of cortical neurons are glutamatergic, approximately one sixth of cortical neurons are GABAergic inter-neurons [1]. There is wide interest within the clinical and basic neuroscience community in studying the role of inhibitory processes in normal brain function and the pathophysiology of disease. Both GABA receptors and transporters have been well characterized, and associated genes have been implicated by genetic studies of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Two main sub-types of GABA receptor, GABAA and GABAB, mediate the synaptic effects of GABA, and synaptic GABA is rapidly removed by high-affinity GABA transporters (GAT). GABA is produced from glutamate by glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) within GABAergic neurons and is metabolised to succinic acid semialdehyde by GABA transaminase (GABA-T) and thence to succinate, primarily within astrocytic mitochondria [2]. Among a wide variety of methods for studying GABA and GABAergic processes, the only technique that allows the direct, non-invasive detection of endogenous GABA in vivo in the brain is magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The purpose of this review is to introduce MRS methods that detect GABA in vivo, and to summarize the existing published literature applying these methods.
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Cites
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“[84] JE 2.”
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Self-citationIncreased Cortical GABA Concentrations in Depressed Patients Receiving ECT
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Cited by
Current practice in the use of MEGA-PRESS spectroscopy for the detection of GABA
Mullins, P. G., McGonigle, D. J., O'Gorman, R. L., Puts, N. A. J., Vidyasagar, R., Evans, C. J., & Edden, R. A. E. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.12.004 · Cited by 553
Self-citationHarris, A. D., Puts, N. A. J., & Edden, R. A. E. (2015) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.24903 · Cited by 306
Self-citationGaetz, W., Bloy, L., Wang, D. J., Port, R. G., Blaskey, L., Levy, S. E., & Roberts, T. P. L. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.068 · Cited by 267
Reduced GABA and altered somatosensory function in children with autism spectrum disorder
Puts, N. A. J., Wodka, E. L., Harris, A. D., Crocetti, D., Tommerdahl, M., Mostofsky, S. H., & Edden, R. A. E. (2017) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1691 · Cited by 265
Self-citationMason, N. L., Kuypers, K. P. C., Müller, F., Reckweg, J., Tse, D. H. Y., Toennes, S. W., Hutten, N. R. P. W., Jansen, J. F. A., Stiers, P., Feilding, A., et al. (2020) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-020-0718-8 · Cited by 258
Metadata
- Authors
- Puts, N. A. J., & Edden, R. A. E.
- Venue
- Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 60
- Pages
- 29-41
- ISSN
- 0079-6565 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2002081170
- Cited by
- 393
- References
- 88
- FWCI
- 13.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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