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Cited by 541Animal health and immunologyMicrobial infections and disease researchAnimal Disease Management and Epidemiology

Factors associated with morbidity, mortality, and growth of dairy heifer calves up to 3 months of age

Windeyer, M.C., Leslie, K.E., Godden, S.M., Hodgins, D.C., Lissemore, K.D., LeBlanc, S.J.·2014·Preventive Veterinary Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.10.019
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Abstract

Calfhood disease is an important problem on many dairy operations that can have substantial effects on heifer survival and productivity, and has economic and welfare impacts. Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) and bovine respiratory disease (BRD) are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in young dairy cattle. The objective of this observational study was to investigate factors associated with the risks of morbidity and mortality, and with growth, in commercial dairy heifers calves. A total of 2874 heifer calves from 19 commercial dairy farms in Minnesota and Ontario were enrolled at 1-7 days of age and followed for approximately 3 months. Using cut-points of serum total protein of 5.2 and 5.7 g/dl, the incidences of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) were 11 and 32%, respectively. A cut-point of 5.7 g/dl was the most predictive of BRD before 5 weeks of age (sensitivity=40%, specificity=69%). The positive predictive value was poor (PPV=18%), but the negative predictive value was good (NPV=87%). A cut-point of 5.2g/dl was most predictive of death before 5 weeks of age (sensitivity=27%, specificity=89%, PPV=5%, NPV=98%). Serum total protein during the first week of life was a poor predictor of NCD. Over 23% of calves were treated for diarrhea. Risk factors were weight at enrollment, other diseases before 2 weeks of age, and an interaction between season of birth and herd-level incidence of NCD. Almost 22% of calves were treated at least once for BRD. Factors a…

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Authors
Windeyer, M. C., Leslie, K. E., Godden, S. M., Hodgins, D. C., Lissemore, K. D., & LeBlanc, S. J.
Affiliations
  • Ontario Veterinary College (CA)
  • University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author
Windeyer, M.C.
ORCID
Venue
Preventive Veterinary Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-02
Volume
113
Issue
2
Pages
231-240
ISSN
0167-5877 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.10.019
OpenAlex
W2040380385
Cited by
541
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 39 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 77 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 49 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 9
FWCI
21.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Preventive Veterinary Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Pfizer Animal Health
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal health and immunology
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
Keywords
dairy heifer calves, neonatal calf diarrhea, bovine respiratory disease, calf mortality, calf growth, serum total protein, colostrum, season of birth, risk factors, weight gain, twinning, calf health management
MeSH terms
Animals, Animal Husbandry, Animals, Newborn, Blood Proteins, Cattle, Cattle Diseases, Diarrhea, Female, Immunization, Passive, Minnesota, Ontario, Predictive Value of Tests, Respiratory Tract Diseases, Risk Factors, Seasons, Sensitivity and Specificity, Incidence, Prevalence, Logistic Models

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