Cognitive deficits are associated with functional impairment in severely depressed patients
Abstract
Cognitive deficits have been associated with poorer function and quality of life (QOL) in schizophrenia, but no similar findings have been confirmed in persons with major depressive episode (MDE). We investigated whether cognitive deficits were associated with detrimental effects on the QOL of persons with primary MDE. Seventy-seven non-demented adults with MDE underwent evaluations of mood, cognition and QOL. Cognition was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Exam, and delayed recall on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task and the Rey Figure. QOL assessments included instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), activities of daily living (ADL), and satisfaction in role functioning and relationships. Univariate correlation and regression models were used to find those mood and cognitive variables most closely related to each QOL dimension. ADL function and satisfaction with role functioning and relationships were most closely related to depression severity and age. IADL functioning, however, was most closely associated with global cognition. This study did not take into account the physical health of the participants, and all the participants were seriously ill with depression. Thus, the results may not apply to persons with less severe MDE. Antidepressant treatments that preserve or enhance global cognition in addition to relieving core depressive symptoms may lead to the best functional outcomes.
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Poorer memory, attention, and executive function have been associated with impairment in activities of daily living.
“Poorer memory [15,16], attention, and executive function [17] have been associated with impairment in activities of daily living.”
From Wearable technology for high-frequency cognitive and mood assessment in major depressive disorder: longitudinal observational study (2019) · cites this paper as [16]
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McCall, W. V. (2011) · Journal of Ect · doi:10.1097/yct.0b013e31821f9acf · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Memory differences by sex, but not by previous diagnosis of major depressive disorder
Hymen, E. A., Rao, J. A., Peters, A. T., Jenkins, L. M., Weisenbach, S. L., Kassel, M. T., Farah, L. B., Skerrett, K. A., Haywood, J. T., Angers, K., et al. (2019) · Applied Neuropsychology Adult · doi:10.1080/23279095.2018.1496334 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Biringer, E. (2006) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives · doi:10.13140/2.1.3073.0563
Quality of life outcomes of ECT
Rosenquist, P. B., & McCall, W. V. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5779-3_17
Cognitive performance in old-age depression
Pantzar, A. (2015) · Figshare
Characterization, treatment, and prevention of stress-induced psychopathology
Brachman, R. A. (2014) · doi:10.7916/d84b2zwq
Parlar, M. E. (2015) · MacSphere (McMaster University) · doi:10.71548/13583
Murdock, C. D. (2011) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
Der Beitrag der Neuropsychologie für die Psychiatrie
Münzel, K., & Zihl, J. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-72340-0_3
Epigenetics, resilience and brain stimulation
Adel, N. (2020) · doi:10.26481/dis.20200123ny
- Authors
- Vaughn McCall, W., & Dunn, A. G.
- Affiliations
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-12
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 179-184
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2135771115
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 1.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH61594, MH 01090, R01MH061594)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- cognitive impairment, major depressive episode, quality of life, functional disability, instrumental activities of daily living, activities of daily living, role functioning, relationship satisfaction, depression severity, global cognition, delayed recall, antidepressant treatment
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Affect, Cognition Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Personal Satisfaction, Quality of Life, Severity of Illness Index
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