Cited by 243Schizophrenia research and treatmentPsychometric Methodologies and TestingPsychological Testing and Assessment

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Reliability, validity and ability to detect change of the Personal and Social Performance scale in patients with stable schizophrenia

Nasrallah, Henry, Morosini, PierLuigi, Gagnon, Dennis D.·2008·Psychiatry Research

DOI 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.11.012

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Abstract

This report describes the measurement properties of the Personal and Social Performance scale (PSP), a clinician-reported measure of severity of personal and social dysfunction, in an outpatient population with stabilized schizophrenia. Pooled data from two similar antipsychotic clinical studies were analyzed (n=411). The PSP showed good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.79). The PSP was more highly correlated with the Strauss-Carpenter Level of Function, an instrument measuring a similar construct, than the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, an instrument measuring a different construct. There was a statistically significant difference between mean PSP scores in subjects grouped by their severity rating on the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) (mild or less versus at least moderate), indicating the ability to discriminate between known groups. Effect sizes for mean change in the PSP based on 1-category improvement (0.72) or worsening (-0.88) versus no change in the CGI-S were moderate to large, demonstrating the ability to detect change. Estimates of between-group minimum important difference suggest that a 7-point improvement in the PSP may be clinically meaningful in a clinical trial setting. Initial reliability and validity assessments suggest the PSP may be a useful measure of social functioning in patients with stable schizophrenia.

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BackgroundMethod
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Background
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MethodResult
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Background
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Result
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Background
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“26 The PSP is a reliable and validated tool and is recommended for measuring social functioning in psychosis.”
Method
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“, clinicians, family members, friends, caregivers) as well as patient self-assessment [20-23].”
Background
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“Scores between 1 and 50 reflect marked to very severe difficulties in two or more domains, whereas scores ≤30 demonstrate such poor social function as to require intensive support or supervision (34).”
Background
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“The validity and reliability of the PSP have already been evaluated [44,45].”
Background
A systematic review of social functioning outcome measures in schizophrenia with a focus on suitability for intervention research
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“Abbreviations RCT : Randomized clinical trial; VR: Virtual reality; CBT: Cognitive behavioral therapy; VR-CBT: Virtual reality-based cognitive behavioral therapy; TAU : Treatment as usual; GPTS: Green Paranoid Thought Scale; SIAS: Social Interaction Anxiety Scale; PSP: Personal and Social Performance scale; SBQ: Safet…”
Method
Measuring social functioning with the personal and social performance scale in patients with acute symptoms of schizophrenia: Interpretation of results of a pooled analysis of three Phase III trials of paliperidone extended-release tablets
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Self-citation
The CHALLENGE trial: the effects of a virtual reality-assisted exposure therapy for persistent auditory hallucinations versus supportive counselling in people with psychosis: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial
Smith, L. C., Mariegaard, L. S., Vernal, D. L., Christensen, A. G., Albert, N., Thomas, N., Hjorthøj, C. R., Glenthøj, L. B., & Nordentoft, M. (2022) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06683-1 · Cited by 36
“The Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) [32] is included as a secondary measure assessing patients’ social and daily functioning.”
Background
A double-blind randomized study assessing safety and efficacy following one-year adjunctive treatment with bitopertin, a glycine reuptake inhibitor, in Japanese patients with schizophrenia
Hirayasu, Y., Sato, S., Takahashi, H., Iida, S., Shuto, N., Yoshida, S., Funatogawa, T., Yamada, T., & Higuchi, T. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0778-9 · Cited by 32
A Smartphone App to Promote Patient Activation and Support Shared Decision-making in People With a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia in Outpatient Treatment Settings (Momentum Trial): Randomized Controlled Assessor-Blinded Trial
Vitger, T., Hjorthøj, C. R., Austin, S. F., Petersen, L., Tønder, E. S., Nordentoft, M., & Korsbek, L. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/40292 · Cited by 31
“We used the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) [23], Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) [23], Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) [24] and Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) [25].”
Clozapine users in Australia: their characteristics and experiences of care based on data from the 2010 National Survey of High Impact Psychosis
Siskind, D. J., Harris, M., Phillipou, A., Morgan, V. A., Waterreus, A. J., Galletly, C. A., Carr, V. J., Harvey, C. A., & Castle, D. J. (2016) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796016000305 · Cited by 31
“The PSP has good internal consistency and construct validity (Nasrallah et al. 2008; Patrick et al. 2009).”
Background
A systematic review of clinician-rated instruments to assess adults’ levels of functioning in specialised public sector mental health services
Burgess, P. M., Harris, M., Coombs, T., & Pirkis, J. (2017) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867416688098 · Cited by 31
“Sensitivity to change The PSP has been shown to detect change alongside established instruments like the PANSS and the CGI-S (Garcia-Portilla et al., 2011; Jelastopulu et al., 2014; Nafees et al., 2012; Nasrallah et al., 2008; Patrick et al., 2009; Tianmei et al., 2011).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Personal and social functioning in schizophrenia: defining a clinically meaningful measure of maintenance in relapse prevention
Nicholl, D., Nasrallah, H. A., Nuamah, I. F., Akhras, K. S., Gagnon, D. D., & Gopal, S. (2010) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007991003798927 · Cited by 29
Self-citation
Psychometric properties of three measures assessing advanced theory of mind: Evidence from people with schizophrenia
Chen, K., Lee, S., Chiang, H.-Y. A., Syu, Y.-C., Yu, X.-X., & Hsieh, C. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.026 · Cited by 32
“…Clinical Global Impression – Severity scale, CGI-S), who had fluctuations in symptom severity during the study (i.e., any variation in CGI-S scores between the 2 visits), and who had substance abuse or other neurological deficits, such as dementia and mental retardation (Nasrallah et al., 2008).”
Background
An Asian study on clinical and psychological factors associated with personal recovery in people with psychosis
Lim, M., Li, Z., Xie, H., Tan, B. L., & Lee, J. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2238-9 · Cited by 28
TAILOR – tapered discontinuation versus maintenance therapy of antipsychotic medication in patients with newly diagnosed schizophrenia or persistent delusional disorder in remission of psychotic symptoms: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Stürup, A. E., Jensen, H., Dolmer, S., Birk, M., Albert, N., Nielsen, M., Hjorthøj, C. R., Eplov, L. F., Ebdrup, B. H., Mors, O. N., et al. (2017) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2172-4 · Cited by 31
“Social functioning measured with the PSP (Personal and Social Performance Scale [37]) and the GAF (Global Assessment of Function [38]) at 1-, 2- and 5-year follow-up 8.”
Method
Beyond symptom improvement: transdiagnostic and disorder‐specific ways to assess functional and quality of life outcomes across mental disorders in adults
Correll, C. U., Cortese, S., Solmi, M., Boldrini, T., Demyttenaere, K., Domschke, K., Fusar‐Poli, P., Gorwood, P. A. P. M., Harvey, P. D., Keefe, R. S. E., et al. (2025) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21338 · Cited by 33
“It has shown good reliability and validity 77 .”
Influential
Effects of Long-Acting Injectable Paliperidone Palmitate on Clinical and Functional Outcomes in Patients With Schizophrenia Based on Illness Duration
Kim, S., Kim, S., Koh, M., Choi, G., Kim, J.-J., Paik, I., Kim, S., Choi, Y. S., Lee, Y. H., Suh, J., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.20m13446 · Cited by 27
Overlap and Mutual Distinctions Between Clinical Recovery and Personal Recovery in People With Schizophrenia in a One-Year Study
Dubreucq, J., Gabayet, F., Godin, O., André, M., Aouizerate, B., Capdevielle, D., Chéreau, I., Clauss, J. M. E., Coulon, N., d’Amato, T., et al. (2021) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbab114 · Cited by 27
Self‐reported reasons for discontinuation or continuation of antipsychotic medication in individuals with first‐episode schizophrenia
Stürup, A. E., Hjorthøj, C. R., Jensen, H., Melau, M., Davy, J. W., Nordentoft, M., & Albert, N. (2023) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13389 · Cited by 27
“Furthermore, information was collected on the following psychiatric variables: Diagnoses of schizophrenia (F20) and alcohol or substance misuse (F1x.1 or F1x.2) (assessed with SCAN), duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) (measured with an adjusted version of the interview for the retrospective assessment of the onset…”
Comparison of Self- and Clinician’s Ratings of Personal and Social Performance in Patients with Schizophrenia: The Role of Insight
Schaub, D., Brüne, M., Bierhoff, H., & Juckel, G. (2012) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000330260 · Cited by 26
Paliperidone extended-release for schizophrenia: Effects on symptoms and functioning in acutely ill patients with negative symptoms
Canuso, C. M., Bossie, C. A., Turkoz, I., & Alphs, L. D. (2009) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.05.021 · Cited by 25
Efficacy and Safety of Brexpiprazole (OPC-34712) as Maintenance Treatment in Adults with Schizophrenia: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Fleischhacker, W. W., Hobart, M., Ouyang, J., Forbes, A., Pfister, S., McQuade, R. D., Carson, W. H., Sanchez, R., Nyilas, M., & Weiller, E. (2016) · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyw076 · Cited by 88
“PSP scores (changes measured in the maintenance phase only) showed improvements with brexpiprazole that were above the threshold for clinically meaningful response in stabilized patients with schizophrenia (an increase of 4–7 points) (Nasrallah et al., 2008).”
Background
Immersive virtual reality in the treatment of auditory hallucinations: A PRISMA scoping review
Smith, L. C., Mateos, A. C., Due, A. S., Bergström, J., Nordentoft, M., Clemmensen, L., & Glenthøj, L. B. (2024) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115834 · Cited by 24
“Future larger-scale studies need to address these aspects when reporting on outcomes to enable quality assessment of studies and inform implementation.”
Background
Immersive virtual reality-assisted therapy targeting persistent auditory verbal hallucinations in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in Denmark: the Challenge assessor-masked, randomised clinical trial
Smith, L. C., Vernal, D. L., Mariegaard, L. S., Christensen, A. G., Jansen, J. E., Schytte, G., Stokbro, L. A., Albert, N., Christensen, M. J., Thomas, N., et al. (2025) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(25)00161-0 · Cited by 26
Relapse in clinically stable adult patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: evidence-based criteria derived by equipercentile linking and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis
Siafis, S., Brandt, L., McCutcheon, R. A., Gutwinski, S., Schneider‐Thoma, J., Bighelli, I., Kane, J. M., Arango, C., Kahn, R. S., Fleischhacker, W. W., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(23)00364-4 · Cited by 29
Prescription Patterns for Patients with Schizophrenia in Korea: A Focus on Antipsychotic Polypharmacy
Kim, H.-Y., Lee, H. W., Jung, S.-H., Kang, M.-H., Bae, J. N., Lee, J.-S., & Kim, C. E. (2014) · Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience · doi:10.9758/cpn.2014.12.2.128 · Cited by 24
Themes of unfulfilled agency and communion in life stories of patients with schizophrenia
Holm, T., Thomsen, D. K., & Bliksted, V. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.116 · Cited by 26
Towards a framework for treatment effectiveness in schizophrenia
Juckel, G., de Bartolomeis, A., Gorwood, P. A. P. M., Mosolov, S. N., Pani, L., Rossi, A., & Sanjuán, J. (2014) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s61672 · Cited by 23
Evaluation of paliperidone palmitate long‐acting injectable antipsychotic therapy as an early treatment option in patients with schizophrenia
Brown, B., Turkoz, I., Mancevski, B., & Mathews, M. (2019) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12868 · Cited by 23
“A mean PSP change of ≥7 points is considered clinically meaningful (Nasrallah et al., 2008).”
Background
Intercorrelations Between the Personal and Social Performance Scale, Cognitive Function, and Activities of Daily Living
Hsieh, P. C., Huang, H. Y., Wang, H. C., Liu, Y. C., Bai, Y. M., Chen, K. C., & Yang, Y. K. (2011) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e318221447e · Cited by 23
“The reliability and validity of this scale have been approved in several studies in which the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was administered (Morosini et al., 2000; Nasrallah et al., 2008; Patrick et al., 2009).”
Method
The relationship of cognitive improvement after cognitive remediation with social functioning in patients with schizophrenia and severe cognitive deficits
Lindenmayer, J., Fregenti, S., Kang, G., Ozog, V., Ljuri, I., Khan, A., Goldring, A., & McGurk, S. R. (2017) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.01.007 · Cited by 22
A bottom-up model of functional outcome in schizophrenia
Luo, H., Zhao, Y., Fan, F., Fan, H., Wang, Y., Qu, W., Wang, Z., Tan, Y., Zhang, X., & Tan, S. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-87172-4 · Cited by 21
Responsiveness of the Personal and Social Performance scale in patients with schizophrenia
Chiu, E., Hung, T.-M., Huang, C.-M., Lee, S., & Hsieh, C. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.053 · Cited by 21
“The PSP has shown sufficient convergent validity (Pearson’ r = 0.95 among the PSP and the SOFAS), and discriminative validity (e.g., discriminating different levels of severity) in patients with schizophrenia (Garcia-Portilla et al., 2011; Nasrallah et al., 2008).””
BackgroundInfluential
Paliperidone extended‐release tablets in patients with recently diagnosed schizophrenia
Canuso, C. M., Bossie, C. A., Amatniek, J. C., Turkoz, I., Pandina, G., & Cornblatt, B. A. (2010) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1751-7893.2010.00165.x · Cited by 21
Improving social function with real-world social-cognitive remediation in schizophrenia: Results from the RemedRugby quasi-experimental trial
Dubreucq, J., Gabayet, F., Ycart, B., Faraldo, M., Melis, F., Lucas, T., Arnaud, B., Bacconnier, M., Bakri, M., Cambier, G., et al. (2020) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.42 · Cited by 20
“PSP showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach ’ s alpha [CA]=0.76) [27], excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.97) [28], and a satisfactory ability to detect changes [26].”
Influential
Effects of olanzapine long-acting injection on levels of functioning among acutely ill patients with schizophrenia
Witte, M. M., Case, M. G., Schuh, K. J., & Ascher‐Svanum, H. (2012) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007995.2012.657300 · Cited by 20
The Momentum trial: the efficacy of using a smartphone application to promote patient activation and support shared decision making in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia in outpatient treatment settings: a randomized controlled single-blind trial
Vitger, T., Austin, S. F., Petersen, L., Tønder, E. S., Nordentoft, M., & Korsbek, L. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2143-2 · Cited by 18
The combination of oxytocin and mindfulness-based group therapy for empathy and negative symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders – A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study
Zierhut, M. M., Bergmann, N., Hahne, I., Wohlthan, J., Kraft, J., Braun, A., Ta, T. M. T., Hellmann‐Regen, J., Ripke, S., Bajbouj, M., et al. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.014 · Cited by 21
Satisfaction of immediate or delayed switch to paliperidone palmitate in patients unsatisfied with current oral atypical antipsychotics
Kwon, J. S., Kim, S. N., Han, J., Lee, S.-I., Chang, J. S., Choi, J., Lee, H., Cho, S. J., Jun, T., Lee, S., et al. (2015) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/yic.0000000000000093 · Cited by 19
“The following were assessed at the same time points as the MSQ: Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) (Atkinson et al., 2004), PANSS, and Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale (Nasrallah et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMethod
Metacognitive Therapy Focused on Psychosocial Function in Psychosis
Dubreucq, J., Delorme, C., & Roure, R. (2016) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-016-9334-7 · Cited by 18
The development of a self-reported scale for measuring functionality in patients with schizophrenia—Self-reported version of the graphic Personal and Social Performance (SRG-PSP) scale
Bai, Y. M., Hsiao, C. Y., Chen, K. C., Huang, K., Lee, I. H., Hsu, J.-W., Chen, P. S., & Yang, Y. K. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.08.024 · Cited by 19
“The PSP scale offers an efficientmethod ofmonitoring both psychosocial functioning in the acute phase and continuing treatment of schizophrenia (Kawata and Revicki, 2008; Nasrallah et al., 2008; Patrick et al., 2009), and has been translated into different languages, including German (Juckel et al.”
Influential
Relationship between disability self-awareness and cognitive and daily living function in schizophrenia
Kim, S.-J., Jung, D.-U., Moon, J., Jeon, D.-W., Seo, Y.-S., Jung, S. S., Lee, Y.-C., Kim, J.-E., & Kim, Y.-S. (2020) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2020.100192 · Cited by 18
“The PSP has demonstrated high validity and reliability for patients with schizophrenia (Nasrallah et al., 2008).”
Background
Efficacy and safety of paliperidone extended-release in schizophrenia patients with prominent affective symptoms
Canuso, C. M., Turkoz, I., Sheehan, J. J., & Bossie, C. A. (2009) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.05.025 · Cited by 18
“A population analysis of the PSP scale has suggested that a mean increase of ≥7 points indicates clinically meaningful functional improvement (Patrick et al., 2009; Nasrallah et al., 2008).”
Paliperidone Palmitate for Schizoaffective Disorder: A Review of the Clinical Evidence
Greenberg, W. M., & Citrome, L. (2015) · Neurological Therapeutics · doi:10.1007/s40120-015-0030-4 · Cited by 14
“Overall, paliperidone palmitate was superior to placebo in maintaining functioning measured by the PSP scale (P = 0.014, mixed-model repeated measures).”
Influential
The reliability of the Personal and Social Performance scale – informing its training and use
White, S. J., Dominise, C., Naik, D., & Killaspy, H. T. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.06.047 · Cited by 20
“Obtaining access to relevant information can therefore pose a difficulty in its use (Nasrallah et al , 2008).”
Background
Group cognitive behavioural therapy with virtual reality exposure versus group cognitive behavioural therapy with in vivo exposure for social anxiety disorder and agoraphobia: a protocol for a randomised clinical trial
Arnfred, B. T., Bang, P., Hjorthøj, C. R., Winding, C., Moeller, K. S., Hvenegaard, M., Agerskov, L., Gausbøl, U. K., Soe, D., Wiborg, P., et al. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051147 · Cited by 21
Sex and gender differences in clinical and functional indices in subjects with schizophrenia and healthy controls: Data from the baseline and 4-year follow-up studies of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses
Bucci, P., Giordano, G. M., Mucci, A., Rocca, P., Rossi, A., Bertolino, A., Aguglia, E., Altamura, C. A., Amore, M., Bellomo, A., et al. (2023) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2022.12.021 · Cited by 19
“…Level of Functioning Scale, SLOF (Mucci et al., 2014), a preliminary ROC analysis was carried out on the sample ( N = 921) of the baseline study (Galderisi et al., 2014) using a Personal and Social Performance (PSP) score ≥ 71 as the gold standard for functional recovery (Nasrallah et al., 2008).”
Paliperidone palmitate once-monthly maintains improvement in functioning domains of the Personal and Social Performance scale compared with placebo in subjects with schizoaffective disorder
Fu, D., Turkoz, I., Walling, D. P., Lindenmayer, J., Schooler, N. R., & Alphs, L. D. (2017) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.04.004 · Cited by 17
“…bathing/showering, washing hair, brushing teeth, changing clothes, taking medication, or eating), and (D) disturbing/aggressive behavior (i.e., speaking too loudly, cursing, verbal threats, breaking or throwing objects, fighting, and threatening to harm self or others) (Nasrallah et al., 2008).”
Influential
Assessing the impact on caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: psychometric validation of the Schizophrenia Caregiver Questionnaire (SCQ)
Rofail, D., Regnault, A., Scouiller, S. L., Lambert, J., & Zarit, S. H. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0951-1 · Cited by 17
“The PSP is a single-item clinician-rated 100-point scale enabling the determination of small changes in levels of functioning [18].”
Background
Exposing therapists to trauma-focused treatment in psychosis: effects on credibility, expected burden, and harm expectancies
van den Berg, D. P. G., van der Vleugel, B. M., de Bont, P. A. J. M., Thijssen, G., de Roos, C., de Kleine, R. A., Kraan, T. C., Ising, H. K., de Jongh, A., van Minnen, A., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.3402/ejpt.v7.31712 · Cited by 17
Individual Placement and Support supplemented with cognitive remediation and work-related social skills training in Denmark: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Christensen, T. N., Nielsen, I. G., Stenager, E. N., Morthorst, B. R., Lindschou, J., Nordentoft, M., & Eplov, L. F. (2015) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0792-0 · Cited by 20
“[46] (2008) (No IPS studies use PSP scale.”
Add-on of aripiprazole improves outcome in clozapine-resistant schizophrenia
Risio, A. D., Pancheri, A., Simonetti, G., Giannarelli, D., Stefanutto, L., & Gentile, B. (2011) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.03.011 · Cited by 15
“…underscored how the addition of an antipsychotic combination with an integrated non-pharmacological rehabilitation treatment resulted in enhancement of social competences by detecting subtle, but clinically meaningful changes even better than QLS (Nasrallah et al., 2008; Juckel and Morosini, 2008).”
Aberrant effective connectivity is associated with positive symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia
Dietz, M. J., Zhou, Y., Veddum, L., Frith, C., & Bliksted, V. (2020) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102444 · Cited by 15
“Visual fixation periods were not modelled and hence constituted an implicit SANS: Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms SAPS: Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms PSP: Personal and Social Performance scale GAF-F: Global Assessment of Functioning – level of social functioning WAIS-III: Wechsler Adult Intellige…”
The Disease Recovery Evaluation and Modification (DREaM) study: Effectiveness of paliperidone palmitate versus oral antipsychotics in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder
Alphs, L. D., Brown, B., Turkoz, I., Baker, P. C., Fu, D., & Nuechterlein, K. H. (2022) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2022.02.019 · Cited by 16
“Personal and social functioning and overall illness severity were assessed via the PSP scale (Morosini et al., 2000; Nasrallah et al., 2008) and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scale (Guy, 1976), respectively.”
Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale for patients with schizophrenia: translation to Portuguese, cross-cultural adaptation and interrater reliability
Menezes, A. K. P. M., Macedo, G., Mattos, P., Júnior, A. R. D. S., & Louzã, M. R. (2012) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/s0047-20852012000300009 · Cited by 15

Authors: Nasrallah, H., Morosini, P., & Gagnon, D. D.
Affiliations: University of Cincinnati (US)
Istituto Superiore di Sanità (IT)
Corresponding author: Nasrallah, Henry
ORCID: Nasrallah, Henry
Venue: Psychiatry Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-11
Volume: 161
Issue: 2
Pages: 213-224
ISSN: 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.11.012
OpenAlex: W2100441519
Cited by: 243
References: 37
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 3.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Johnson and Johnson
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Keywords: Personal and Social Performance Scale, schizophrenia, social functioning, personal functioning, functional outcome assessment, test-retest reliability, construct validity, minimal clinically important difference, Clinical Global Impression Scale, antipsychotic drugs
MeSH terms: Adult, Ambulatory Care, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Adjustment, Antipsychotic Agents, Reproducibility of Results, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Risperidone, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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Reliability, validity and ability to detect change of the Personal and Social Performance scale in patients with stable schizophrenia

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