The prevalence and moderators of clinical pain in people with schizophrenia: a systematic review and large scale meta-analysis
Abstract
Background People with schizophrenia frequently have physical comorbidities that can cause pain. Experimental studies report reduced pain sensitivity among schizophrenia patients, but it remains unclear if clinically relevant pain is less prevalent in schizophrenia.Method We systematically searched major electronic databases from inception till 03/2014. Articles were included that reported the prevalence of clinical pain in people with schizophrenia. Two independent authors conducted searches, completed methodological quality assessment and extracted data. A random effects relative risks (RR) meta-analysis was conducted to determine the prevalence of all-cause and specific pain in schizophrenia, and the relative prevalence compared to the general population, and to assess moderators.Results Altogether, 14 studies were included encompassing 242,703 individuals with schizophrenia (30.2-55.8 years) and 4,259,221 controls. Different types of pain were considered. The overall pooled prevalence of clinical pain in people with schizophrenia was 34.7% (95% CI=23.6-46.6). In the comparative analysis involving 7 studies with controls, the RR was 0.99 (95% CI=0.83-1.19). The pooled prevalence of headache among 94,043 individuals with schizophrenia was 29.9% (95% CI=3-69%) and the RR compared to 4,248,284 controls was 1.32 (95% CI=0.85-2.07). In moderator analyses, neither age, sex, study quality or pain assessment method influenced pain prevalence.Conclusion Clinical pain affects a third of people with schizophrenia and levels are similar with age- and sex-comparable controls. Future research is needed to determine if similar clinical pain prevalences in schizophrenia occur despite having more painful conditions, resulting from under-reporting, higher pain thresholds or lower help seeking behaviours.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Pain affects about 33% of people with serious mental illness (SMI), such as bipolar disorders and schizophrenia.
“Pain has been found to affect about 33% of people with serious MI (SMI), for example, bipolar disorders and schizophrenia, 4”
From The Effectiveness of Interventions for Improving Chronic Pain Symptoms Among People With Mental Illness: A Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [4]
Chronic pain (CP) and mental illness (MI) commonly co-occur.
“Chronic pain (CP) and mental illness (MI) are leading causes of years lived with disability and commonly co-occur.”
From The Effectiveness of Interventions for Improving Chronic Pain Symptoms Among People With Mental Illness: A Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [4]
People with SMI tend to have a high prevalence of pain, a greater number of painful conditions, but low help-seeking behaviour for their pain.
“despite people with SMI tend to have a high prevalence of pain, 14 a greater number of painful conditions, but low help-seeking behaviour for their pain. 4”
From The Effectiveness of Interventions for Improving Chronic Pain Symptoms Among People With Mental Illness: A Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [4]
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823 · see citing works
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 · Cited by 64,042 · see citing works
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · Cited by 63,139 · see citing works
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859 · see citing works
Meta-analysis in clinical trials
DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 · Cited by 39,552 · see citing works
Stroup, D. F. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.15.2008 · Cited by 20,623 · see citing works
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.06.005 · Cited by 19,575 · see citing works
(2014) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 17,633 · see citing works
Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias
Begg, C. B., & Mazumdar, M. (1994) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2533446 · Cited by 16,955 · see citing works
Murray, C. J. L., Vos, T., Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Flaxman, A. D., Michaud, C., Ezzati, M., Shibuya, K., Salomon, J. A., Abdalla, S., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61689-4 · Cited by 8,888 · see citing works
Vos, T., Flaxman, A. D., Naghavi, M., Lozano, R., Michaud, C., Ezzati, M., Shibuya, K., Salomon, J. A., Abdalla, S., Aboyans, V., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61729-2 · Cited by 8,291 · see citing works
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM ‐ IV ‐ TR )
Segal, D. L. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0271 · Cited by 4,683 · see citing works
DE HERT, M., CORRELL, C. U., BOBES, J., CETKOVICH‐BAKMAS, M., COHEN, D., ASAI, I., DETRAUX, J., GAUTAM, S., MÖLLER, H., NDETEI, D. M., et al. (2011) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00014.x · Cited by 2,488 · see citing works
Self-citationA modified test for small‐study effects in meta‐analyses of controlled trials with binary endpoints
Harbord, R. M., Egger, M., & Sterne, J. A. C. (2006) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.2380 · Cited by 2,267 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Finally, we assessed risk of bias with a visual inspection of funnel plots and the Begg–Mazumdar Kendall's tau (Begg and Mazumdar, 1994) and Harbord bias test (Harbord et al., 2006).”
MethodPharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons
American Geriatrics Society Panel on the Pharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons (2009) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02376.x · Cited by 1,028 · see citing works
Katon, W., Lin, E. H. B., & Kroenke, K. (2007) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2006.11.005 · Cited by 965 · see citing works
Pharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons
American Geriatrics Society Panel on the Pharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons, R. W. P. F. T. A. G. S. O. A. A. I. J. A. G. S. 2. (2009) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00699.x · Cited by 916 · see citing works
DE HERT, M., COHEN, D., BOBES, J., CETKOVICH‐BAKMAS, M., LEUCHT, S., NDETEI, D. M., NEWCOMER, J. W., UWAKWE, R., ASAI, I., MÖLLER, H., et al. (2011) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00036.x · Cited by 870 · see citing works
Self-citationPhysical illness and schizophrenia: a review of the literature
Leucht, S., Burkard, T., Henderson, J., Maj, M., & Sartorius, N. (2007) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01095.x · Cited by 633 · see citing works
Mitchell, A. J., Malone, D., & Carney, C. P. (2009) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.045732 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Self-citationThe perception of pain in others: how gender, race, and age influence pain expectations
Wandner, L. D., Scipio, C. D., Hirsh, A. T., Torres, C. A., & Robinson, M. E. (2012) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2011.10.014 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Relationships among pain, anxiety, and depression in primary care
Means‐Christensen, A. J., Roy‐Byrne, P., Sherbourne, C. D., Craske, M. G., & Stein, M. B. (2007) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20342 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
The American Geriatrics Society
(1982) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1982.tb01309.x · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Pain processing in dementia and its relation to neuropathology
Scherder, E., Sergeant, J. A., & Swaab, D. F. (2003) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00556-8 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Hert, M. A. F. D., Vancampfort, D., Correll, C. U., Mercken, V., Peuskens, J., Sweers, K., van Winkel, R., & Mitchell, A. J. (2011) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.110.084665 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citationPain, affective symptoms, and cognitive deficits in patients with cerebral dopamine dysfunction
Jarcho, J. M., Mayer, E. A., Jiang, Z. K., Feier, N. A., & London, E. D. (2012) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.01.002 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Probst, M., Sweers, K., Maurissen, K., Knapen, J., & Hert, M. A. F. D. (2011) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01666.x · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Self-citationLord, O., Malone, D., & Mitchell, A. J. (2010) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2010.04.004 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationBody mass index and quality of life in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia
Strassnig, M., Brar, J. S., & Ganguli, R. (2003) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00441-3 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Pain Insensitivity in Schizophrenia: Trait or State Marker?
Singh, M. K., Giles, L. L., & Nasrallah, H. A. (2006) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/00131746-200603000-00004 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
The prevalence of pain in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and large-scale meta-analysis
Stubbs, B., Eggermont, L., Mitchell, A. J., De Hert, M., Correll, C. U., Soundy, A., Rosenbaum, S., & Vancampfort, D. (2015) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12325 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationAre Patients With Schizophrenia Insensitive to Pain? A Reconsideration of the Question
Bonnot, O., Anderson, G., Cohen, D., Willer, J., & Tordjman, S. (2009) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e318192be97 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Antipsychotics for acute and chronic pain in adults
Seidel, S., Aigner, M., Ossege, M. A., Pernicka, E., Wildner, B., & Sycha, T. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004844.pub3 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
The Missing P in Psychiatric Training
Elman, I., Zubieta, J.-K., & Borsook, D. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.174 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Potvin, S., & Marchand, S. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.11.007 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Clinical pain in schizophrenia: a systematic review.
Engels, G., Francke, A., van Meijel, B., Douma, J. G., de Kam, H., Wesselink, W., Houtjes, W., & Scherder, E. (2014) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2013.11.005 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
König, H., Roick, C., & Angermeyer, M. C. (2006) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.08.004 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Pain insensitivity in the relatives of schizophrenia patients
Hooley, J. M., & Delgado, M. L. (2001) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00064-5 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The Prevalence of Menstrual Disorders in Psychiatric Patients
Coppen, A. J. (1965) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.111.471.155 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Pain conditions among veterans with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Birgenheir, D. G., Ilgen, M., Bohnert, A., Abraham, K. M., Bowersox, N. W., Austin, K. L., & Kilbourne, A. (2013) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2013.03.019 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Significance of pain in psychiatric hospital patients
Delaplaine, R. P., Ifabumuyi, O. I., Merskey, H., & Zarfas, J. (1977) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(77)90146-4 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Pain perception in schizophrenia: evidence of a specific pain response profile.
Lévesque, M., Potvin, S., Marchand, S., Stip, E., Grignon, S., Pierre, L., Lipp, O., & Goffaux, P. (2012) · Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01505.x · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Hadjistavropoulos, T., Fitzgerald, T. D., & Marchildon, G. P. (2010) · Physiotherapy Canada · doi:10.3138/physio.62.2.104 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Relationships Between Pain and Schizophrenia
Watson, G. D., Chandarana, P. C., & Merskey, H. (1981) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.138.1.33 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Headache in Schizophrenic Patients: A Controlled Study
Kuritzky, A., Mazeh, D., & Levi, A. (1999) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1046/j.1468-2982.1999.019008725.x · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Wandner, Stutts, L. A., Alqudah, A. F., Craggs, J. G., Scipio, C. D., Hirsh, A. T., & Robinson, M. E. (2010) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s14708 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Alteration of pain recognition in schizophrenia
Wojakiewicz, A., Januel, D., Braha, S., Prkachin, K., Danziger, N., & Bouhassira, D. (2013) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00310.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Prevalence of chronic pain in psychiatric patients
Chaturvedi, S. K. (1987) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(87)91039-6 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder signs in patients with schizophrenia
Gürbüz, Ö., Alataş, G., & Kurt, E. (2009) · Journal of Oral Rehabilitation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2009.02008.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Chronic pain and quality of life in schizophrenic patients.
de Almeida, J. G., Braga, P. E., Lotufo, F., & Pimenta, C. A. D. M. (2013) · Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1016/j.rbp.2011.11.003 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Pain in nursing home residents and correlation with neuropsychiatric disorders.
Walid, M. S., & Zaytseva, N. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Pain in Nursing Home Residents and Correlation with Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Walid, M. S. (2009) · Pain Physician · doi:10.36076/ppj.2009/12/877 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Sweers, K., Probst, M., Mitchell, A. J., Knapen, J., & Binder, M. D. (2011) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-011-9431-8 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationLuo, N., Seng, B., Thumboo, J., Feeny, D. F., & Li, S. (2006) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-005-5745-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Antipsychotics for acute and chronic pain in adults.
Seidel, S., Aigner, M., Ossege, M., Pernicka, E., Wildner, B., & Sycha, T. (2010) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.09.008 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Study of cenesthesias and body image aberration in schizophrenia
Rajender, G., Kanwal, K., Rathore, D., & Chaudhary, D. (2009) · Indian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/0019-5545.55086 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Health-related quality of life and metabolic risk in patients with psychosis
Foldemo, A., Wärdig, R. E., Bachrach‐Lindström, M., Edman, G., Holmberg, T., Lindström, T., Valter, L., & Ösby, U. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.11.029 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 59 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Vancampfort, D., Rosenbaum, S., Schuch, F. B., Ward, P. B., Probst, M., & Stubbs, B. (2016) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2015.11.008 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-citationStubbs, B., Koyanagi, A., Veronese, N., Vancampfort, D., Solmi, M., Gaughran, F., Carvalho, A. F., Lally, J., Mitchell, A. J., Mugisha, J., et al. (2016) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0734-z · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Self-citationStubbs, B., Thompson, T., Acaster, S., Vancampfort, D., Gaughran, F., & Correll, C. U. (2015) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000304 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationPromotion of cardiorespiratory fitness in schizophrenia: a clinical overview and meta‐analysis
Vancampfort, D., Rosenbaum, S., Probst, M., Soundy, A., Mitchell, A. J., Hert, M. A. F. D., & Stubbs, B. (2015) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12407 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Self-citationVancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., Venigalla, S. K., & Probst, M. (2015) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.09.006 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationMoore, S., Shiers, D., Daly, B., Mitchell, A. J., & Gaughran, F. (2015) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12431 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationSchizophrenia and the risk of fractures: a systematic review and comparative meta-analysis
Stubbs, B., Gaughran, F., Mitchell, A. J., Binder, M. D., Farmer, R., Soundy, A., Rosenbaum, S., & Vancampfort, D. (2015) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2015.01.004 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationStubbs, B., Koyanagi, A., Schuch, F. B., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Gaughran, F., Mugisha, J., & Vancampfort, D. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw111 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationYao, B., & Thakkar, K. N. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.016 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Conditions
Johnston, K. J. A., & Huckins, L. M. (2022) · Complex Psychiatry · doi:10.1159/000527041 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Vera-Garcia, E., Mayoral, F., Vancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., & Cuesta‐Vargas, A. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.07.083 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationChronic pain diagnoses and opioid dispensings among insured individuals with serious mental illness
Owen-Smith, A., Stewart, C., Sesay, M. M., Strasser, S. M., Yarborough, B. J., Ahmedani, B., Miller-Matero, L. R., Waring, S. C., Haller, I. V., Waitzfelder, B. E., et al. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-2456-1 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Stubbs, B., Mueller, C., Gaughran, F., Lally, J., Vancampfort, D., Lamb, S. E., Koyanagi, A., Sharma, S., Stewart, R. J., & Perera, G. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.05.010 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationAltered physical pain processing in different psychiatric conditions
Kim, D. J., Mirmina, J., Narine, S., Wachtel, J., Carbajal, J. M., Fox, H. C., & Cáceda, R. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.033 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Pain management in people with severe mental illness: an agenda for progress
Onwumere, J., Stubbs, B., Stirling, M., Shiers, D., Gaughran, F., Rice, A. S. C., C de C Williams, A., & Scott, W. (2022) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002633 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationWhat are the top 10 physical activity research questions in schizophrenia?
Vancampfort, D., Rosenbaum, S., Probst, M., Connaughton, J., du Plessis, C., Yamamoto, T., & Stubbs, B. (2016) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.3109/09638288.2015.1116622 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationMinichino, A., Ando, A. M. C., Francesconi, M., Salatino, A., Chiaie, R. D., & Cadenhead, K. S. (2017) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.03.020 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., Binder, M. D., du Plessis, C., Gbiri, C. A., Kibet, J. J., Wanyonyi, N. E. N., & Mugisha, J. (2017) · Pan African Medical Journal · doi:10.11604/pamj.2017.26.104.10051 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationKoyanagi, A., & Stickley, A. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.07.020 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Dyspepsia and constipation in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Virtanen, T., Eskelinen, S., Sailas, E. S., & Suvisaari, J. (2016) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2016.1217044 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Brain‐based ranking of cognitive domains to predict schizophrenia
Karrer, T. M., Bassett, D. S., Derntl, B., Gruber, O., Aleman, A., Jardri, R., Laird, A. R., Fox, P. T., Eickhoff, S. B., Grisel, O., et al. (2019) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.24716 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Minichino, A., Chiaie, R. D., Cruccu, G., Piroso, S., Stefano, G. D., Francesconi, M., Bersani, F. S., Biondi, M., & Truini, A. (2016) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.12439 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Korman, N., Fox, H., Skinner, T., Dodd, C., Suetani, S., Chapman, J., Parker, S., Dark, F., Collins, C., Rosenbaum, S., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00319 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Brooks, J., Polenick, C. A., Bryson, W. C., Naslund, J. A., Renn, B. N., Orzechowski, N. M., Almeida, M., & Bartels, S. J. (2018) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2017.1423025 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Stubbs, B., Gardner-Sood, P., Smith, S. M., Ismail, K., Greenwood, K., Patel, A. K., Farmer, R., & Gaughran, F. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.008 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationVancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., Probst, M., & Mugisha, J. (2018) · Archives of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1186/s40945-018-0043-2 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationWhat Physical Health Means to Me: Perspectives of People with Mental Illness
Happell, B., Ewart, S. B., Platania‐Phung, C., Bocking, J., Scholz, B., & Stanton, R. (2016) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840.2016.1226999 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Costa, R., Probst, M., Bastos, T. C. L., Vilhena, E., Seabra, A., & Corredeira, R. (2017) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1342277 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Fond, G. B., Boyer, L., Andrianarisoa, M., Godin, O., Bulzacka, E., Berna, F. S., Brunel, L., Coulon, N., Aouizerate, B., Capdevielle, D., et al. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.007 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Pain and sleep problems predict quality of life for veterans with serious mental illness.
Travaglini, L. E., Cosgrave, J., & Klingaman, E. A. (2019) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/prj0000358 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Ma, R., Romano, E., Ashworth, M., Smith, T. O., Vancampfort, D., Scott, W., Gaughran, F., Stewart, R., & Stubbs, B. (2024) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2023.11.004 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationLeone, C. M., Galosi, S., Mollica, C., Fortunato, M., Possidente, C., Milone, V., Misuraca, S., Berillo, L., Truini, A., Cruccu, G., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1793 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Stubbs, B., Veronese, N., Vancampfort, D., Thompson, T., Köhler, C. A., Schofield, P., Solmi, M., Mugisha, J., Kahl, K. G., Pillinger, T., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07688-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationVancampfort, D., Probst, M., Basangwa, D., Binder, M. D., Myin‐Germeys, I., van Winkel, R., Ward, P. B., Rosenbaum, S., & Mugisha, J. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.067 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuropathic Pain Prevalence of Older Adults in an Urban Area of Iran: A Population-Based Study
Roghani, R. S., Delbari, A., Asadi‐Lari, M., Rashedi, V., & Lökk, J. (2019) · Pain Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2019/9015695 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Antioch, I., Ciobica, A. S., Paulet, M., Bild, V., Lefter, R. M., & Timofte, D. V. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Progress in the mechanisms of pain associated with neurodegenerative diseases
Tian, Z., Zhang, Q., Wang, L., Li, M., Li, T., Wang, Y., Cao, Z., Jiang, X., & Luo, P. (2024) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2024.102579 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Subclinical psychosis and pain in an English national sample: The role of common mental disorders
Koyanagi, A., Stickley, A., & Haro, J. M. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.04.031 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Hedlund, L., Gyllensten, A. L., Waldegren, T., & Hansson, L. I. (2016) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.3109/09593985.2015.1138008 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Stanton, R., Probst, M., Binder, M. D., van Winkel, R., Myin‐Germeys, I., Kinyanda, E., & Mugisha, J. (2019) · African Health Sciences · doi:10.4314/ahs.v19i2.42 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationEfficacy of Facial Exercises in Facial Expression Categorization in Schizophrenia
Pancotti, F., Mele, S., Callegari, V., Bivi, R., Saracino, F., & Craighero, L. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11070825 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Islam, M. A., Khan, M., Quee, P. J., Snieder, H., van den Heuvel, E. R., Bruggeman, R., Alizadeh, B. Z., GROUP Investigators, van Beveren, N. J. M., Cahn, W., et al. (2017) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.05.001 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Exercise self-efficacy correlates in people with psychosis
Vancampfort, D., Gorczynski, P. F., Binder, M. D., Probst, M., Naisiga, A., Basangwa, D., & Mugisha, J. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.095 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationFond, G. B., Tinland, A., Boucékine, M., Girard, V., Loubière, S., Boyer, L., & Auquier, P. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.07.021 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The role of physical pain in global functioning of people with serious mental illness
Abplanalp, S. J., Mueser, K. T., & Fulford, D. (2020) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.03.062 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Ma, R., Romano, E., Ashworth, M., Yadegarfar, M. E., Dregan, A., Ronaldson, A., de Oliveira, C., Jacobs, R., Stewart, R. J., & Stubbs, B. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329172200109x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationPain Sensitivity in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Narrative Review of Recent Work
González-Rodríguez, A., Labad, J., & Seeman, M. V. (2021) · Psychiatry International · doi:10.3390/psychiatryint2010004 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Teh, W. L., Liu, J., Satghare, P., Samari, E., Mok, Y. M., & Subramaniam, M. (2021) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03470-1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Pain perception in people diagnosed with schizophrenia: where we are and where we are going
Sakson-Obada, O. (2017) · Psychosis · doi:10.1080/17522439.2017.1344294 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Kimbowa, S., Basangwa, D., Smith, L., Stubbs, B., Damme, T. V., Binder, M. D., & Mugisha, J. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112619 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationDistributions of recorded pain in mental health records: a natural language processing based study
Chaturvedi, J., Stewart, R. J., Ashworth, M. J., & Roberts, A. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079923 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Brooks, J., Umucu, E., Huck, G. E., Fortuna, K. L., Sánchez, J., Chiu, C., & Bartels, S. J. (2018) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/prj0000316 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Pain sensitivity in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Carrasco, J. P., González‐Teruel, A., Gálvez-Llompart, A. M., Carbonell‐Asins, J. A., & Hernández-Viadel, M. (2023) · Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Güneri, S., Scheel‐Krüger, J., & Luo, F. (2021) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fbp.0000000000000651 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Hodgson, P., Hemmings, L., Stubbs, B., Vancampfort, D., & Byrd, E. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13030279 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationPhysical activity of patients with schizophrenia in Nigeria: Distribution and correlates
Esan, O., & Ephraim‐Oluwanuga, O. T. (2022) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100445 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
van der Heijden, H. C., Goldman, M., Ray, A., Golden, E., Petty, C. R., Deaso, E. A., Hojlo, M. A., Sethna, N. F., Glahn, D. C., Gonzalez–Heydrich, J., et al. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.09.006 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Prescription opioid dispensing patterns among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
Roy, B. D., Li, J., Lally, C. A., Akerman, S. C., Sullivan, M. A., Fratantonio, J. L., Flanders, W. D., & Wenten, M. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-05676-5 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Clinical Pain in Schizophrenia: A Forgotten Area
Engels, G., & Scherder, E. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12033-1_14 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Happell, B., Stanton, R., Hodgetts, D., & Scott, D. S. (2016) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2015.1119223 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Gibt es einen psychogenen Kopfschmerz?
Henkel, K. (2018) · Nervenheilkunde · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1631170 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Fornaro, M., Lorenzo, C. D., Steardo, L., Stubbs, B., Miola, A., Kishi, T., Raduà, J., & Solmi, M. (2026) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112820 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationKim, S., Saad, B., & Kelada, A. (2026) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.05.014 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Severe Burns and Amputation of Both Arms in the First Psychotic Episode of a Schizophrenic Patient
Cruzado, L., Villafane-Alva, R., Caballero-Atencio, K., Cortez-Vergara, C. P., & Núñez-Moscoso, P. (2015) · Case Reports in Psychiatry · doi:10.1155/2015/405713 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Physical effort exertion and pain: Links with trait-based risk for psychopathology
Abplanalp, S. J., & Fulford, D. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.010 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Pain and Psychotic-like Experiences in Young People Using Cannabis
Wilson, J., Constable, T., Mason, K., Ferris, L. J., Quinn, C. A., Hides, L. M., Leung, J., & Carlyle, M. (2021) · International Electronic Conference on Environmental Research and Public Health (ECERPH) · doi:10.3390/ecerph-3-09056 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sepúlveda-Torres, M., Carvajal, C., & Álvaro Cavieres, F. (2021) · Revista médica de Chile · doi:10.4067/s0034-98872021000701023 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Patterns of Shared Genetic Risk Between Chronic Pain, Psychopathologies, and Neuroticism
Zorina-Lichtenwalter, K., Bango, C. I., Čeko, M., Ashar, Y. K., Keller, M. C., Wager, T. D., & Friedman, N. P. (2025) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026251317431 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Pain Is Not a Predictor of Cannabis Use in People With Psychotic Disorders
M. Smid, & Bruins, J. (2025) · Journal of dual diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504263.2025.2517176
Ayub, M., Arsalan, A., Khan, S.-U.-D. A., Bajwa, S., Hussain, F., Umar, M., Khizar, B., Sibtain, M., Butt, A., Mukhtar-Ul-Haq, M., et al. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042331 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Shafi, D. E. S., Jørgensen, K. N., Bjella, T. D., Nesvåg, R., Dieset, I., Melle, I. S., Andreassen, O. A., & Jönsson, E. G. (2024) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2024.2305806 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cohen, M., & Mira, T. (2024) · Soins · doi:10.1016/j.soin.2024.03.011 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ma, R., Romano, E., Perera, G., Thompson, T., Vancampfort, D., Stewart, R. J., Böge, K., Mossaheb, N., Ashworth, M. J., & Stubbs, B. (2025) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.05.013 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationGenetic relationships between chronic pain, psychopathologies, and neuroticism.Preprint
Zorina-Lichtenwalter, K., Bango, C. I., ˇCeko, M., Ashar, Y., Keller, M. C., Wager, T., & Friedman, N. P. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.06.20.23291689 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Connaughton, J. (2015) · ResearchOnline@ND (The University of Notre Dame)
Insensibilité à la douleur dans la schizophrénie : mythe ou réalité ?
Llorca, P. (2018) · French Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2590-2415(19)30037-6
Myo-inositol’s Role in Understanding the Pain Perception in Patients with Schizophrenia
Krzyściak, W., Szwajca, M., Karcz, P., Turek, A., Śmierciak, N., Bryll, A., Mazur, P., Chrzan, R. M., Furman, K., Pilecki, M. W., et al. (2024) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1005244
Pain in Seriously Mental Ill Populations
Owen‐Smith, A. A., & Scherrer, J. F. (2024) · doi:10.1093/med/9780197649176.003.0022
Clinical Characteristics associated with functional seizures in individuals with psychosis
Lake, A. M., Reddy, I. A., Havranek, R., Davis, L. K., & Fox, J. (2025) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2025.05.011
Grabowski, J., Bidzan, L., & Brzozowska, A. (2025) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph18091366
Roy, B. D., Li, J., Lally, C. A., Akerman, S. C., Sullivan, M. A., Fratantonio, J. L., Flanders, W. D., & Wenten, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26700565
Roy, B. D., Li, J., Lally, C. A., Akerman, S. C., Sullivan, M. A., Fratantonio, J. L., Flanders, W. D., & Wenten, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26700562
Roy, B. D., Li, J., Lally, C. A., Akerman, S. C., Sullivan, M. A., Fratantonio, J. L., Flanders, W. D., & Wenten, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26700568
Roy, B. D., Li, J., Lally, C. A., Akerman, S. C., Sullivan, M. A., Fratantonio, J. L., Flanders, W. D., & Wenten, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26700556
Roy, B. D., Li, J., Lally, C. A., Akerman, S. C., Sullivan, M. A., Fratantonio, J. L., Flanders, W. D., & Wenten, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26700559
Roy, B. D., Li, J., Lally, C. A., Akerman, S. C., Sullivan, M. A., Fratantonio, J. L., Flanders, W. D., & Wenten, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26700553
Ma, R., Romano, E., Ashworth, M. J., Mossaheb, N., Böge, K., Vancampfort, D., Stewart, R. J., & Stubbs, B. (2026) · British Journal of Pain · doi:10.1177/20494637261451733
Self-citationPoveda-López, J. L., Delgado, J. F. R., Marco-Gómez, B., Villagrasa-Cantín, A., Pérez-Mansilla, S., Lafuente-Ureta, R., & Jiménez‐Sánchez, C. (2026) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare14131848
The prevalence of pain and receipt of pain management in inpatient psychiatric settings in Ontario
Bryson, M., Martin, L., & Bédard, M. (2026) · Health Psychology Open · doi:10.1177/20551029261458472
Serra, E. (2025) · Dunod eBooks · doi:10.3917/dunod.poisb.2025.01.2770
Esfahani, S. S., Mahdinia, E., Dehkhodaei, S., Oumali, N. A., Taherkhani, S., & Rafaiee, R. (2026) · Pain Management · doi:10.1080/17581869.2026.2713532
Cimmino, M., Zechner, M., Fluet, G. G., Rothpletz‐Puglia, P., & Nonoyama, S. (2026) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2026.2749514
- Authors
- Stubbs, B., Mitchell, A. J., De Hert, M., Correll, C. U., Soundy, A., Stroobants, M., & Vancampfort, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Greenwich (GB)
- University of Leicester (GB)
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center (US)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Stubbs, Brendon
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-12
- Volume
- 160
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 1-8
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2109237468
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13
- FWCI
- 1.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (University of Greenwich) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
- Sunovion
- Genentech
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, clinical pain
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Pain, Schizophrenia, Comorbidity, Prevalence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
