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Monitoring autophagy in cancer: From bench to bedside
Abstract
Autophagy refers to an essential mechanism that evolved to sustain eukaryotic homeostasis and metabolism during instances of nutrient deprivation. During autophagy, intracellular cargo is encapsulated and delivered to the lysosome for elimination. Loss of basal autophagy in vivo negatively impacts cellular proteostasis, metabolism and tissue integrity. Accordingly, many drug development strategies are focused on modulating autophagic capacity in various pathophysiological states, from cancer to neurodegenerative disease. The role of autophagy in cancer is particularly complicated, as either augmenting or attenuating this process can have variable outcomes on cellular survival, proliferation and transformation. This complexity is compounded by the emergence of several selective autophagy pathways, which act to eliminate damaged or superfluous cellular components in a targeted fashion. The advent of sensitive tools to monitor autophagy pathways in vivo holds promise to clarify their importance in cancer pathophysiology. In this review, we provide an overview of autophagy in cancer biology and outline how the development of tools to study autophagy in vivo could enhance our understanding of its function for translational benefit.
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“Unfortunately, the reported changes often reflect overall diffuse staining intensity rather than appropriately compartmentalized puncta.”
From Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition) 1 (2021) · cites this paper as [527]
In the citing paper
“Therefore, the observation of increased levels of diffuse LC3 staining (which may reflect a decrease in autophagy) should not be used to draw conclusions that autophagy is increased in cancer or other tissue samples [527].”
From Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition) 1 (2021) · cites this paper as [527]
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Klionsky, D. J., Abdelmohsen, K., Abe, A., Abedin, M. J., Abeliovich, H., Acevedo Arozena, A., Adachi, H., Adams, C. M., Adams, P. D., Adeli, K., et al. (2016) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356 · Cited by 5,894
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Chloroquine inhibits autophagic flux by decreasing autophagosome-lysosome fusion
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Oncogene ablation-resistant pancreatic cancer cells depend on mitochondrial function
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition) 1
Klionsky, D. J., Abdel-Aziz, A. K., Abdelfatah, S., Abdellatif, M., Abdoli, A., Abel, S., Abeliovich, H., Abildgaard, M. H., Abudu, Y. P., Acevedo-Arozena, A., et al. (2021) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2020.1797280 · Cited by 2,897
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Long, M., & McWilliams, T. G.
- Venue
- Seminars in Cancer Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-11
- Volume
- 66
- Pages
- 12-21
- ISSN
- 1044-579X
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 26
- Language
- en
- Funders
- Sigrid Juséliuksen Säätiö
- Novo Nordisk Fonden
- Helsingin Yliopisto
- Academy of Finland
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