Cited by 48Planarian Biology and ElectrostimulationDNA Repair MechanismsGenetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms

DNA damage and tissue repair: What we can learn from planaria

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Barghouth, Paul G., Thiruvalluvan, Manish, LeGro, Melanie, Oviedo, Néstor J.·2019·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

Abstract

Faithful renewal of aging and damaged tissues is central to organismal lifespan. Stem cells (SCs) generate the cellular progeny that replenish adult tissues across the body but this task becomes increasingly compromised over time. The age related decline in SC-mediated tissue maintenance is a multifactorial event that commonly affects genome integrity. The presence of DNA damage in SCs that are under continuous demand to divide poses a great risk for age-related disorders such as cancer. However, performing analysis of SCs with genomic instability and the DNA damage response during tissue renewal present significant challenges. Here we introduce an alternative experimental system based on the planaria flatworm Schmidtea mediterranea to address at the organismal level studies intersecting SC-mediated tissue renewal in the presence of genomic instability. Planaria have abundant SCs (neoblasts) that maintain high rates of cellular turnover and a variety of molecular tools have been developed to induce DNA damage and dissect how neoblasts respond to this stressor. S. mediterranea displays high evolutionary conservation of DNA repair mechanisms and signaling pathways regulating adult SCs. We describe genetically induced-DNA damage models and highlight body-wide signals affecting cellular decisions such as survival, proliferation, and death in the presence of genomic instability. We also discuss transcriptomic changes in the DNA damage response during injury repair and propose DNA repair as key component of tissue regeneration. Additional studies using planaria will provide insights about mechanisms regulating survival and growth of cells with DNA damage during tissue renewal and regeneration.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.04.013

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Authors
Barghouth, P. G., Thiruvalluvan, M., LeGro, M., & Oviedo, N. J.
Affiliations
University of California, Merced (US)
Corresponding author
Oviedo, Néstor J.
Venue
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-03
Volume
87
Pages
145-159
ISSN
1084-9521 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2799832928
Cited by
48
References
146
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1
FWCI
0.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • University of California Cancer Research Coordinating Committee (CRR-18-525108)
  • National Cancer Institute and National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institute of Health (CA176114, GM109372)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Keywords
DNA damage response, tissue regeneration, planaria, Schmidtea mediterranea, neoblasts, stem cells, genomic instability, aging, DNA repair, tissue renewal, injury repair, transcriptomics
MeSH terms
Animals, DNA Damage, Planarians, Regeneration, Stem Cells

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