Effects of caffeine on daytime recovery sleep: A double challenge to the sleep–wake cycle in aging
Abstract
Background and objective Caffeine is the most widely used stimulant to counteract the effects of sleepiness, but it also produces important detrimental effects on subsequent sleep, especially when sleep is initiated at a time when the biological clock sends a strong waking signal such as during daytime. This study compares the effects of caffeine on daytime recovery sleep in young (20-30 y.) and middle-aged subjects (45-60 y.).Methods Subjects participated in both caffeine (200mg) and placebo conditions (double-blind cross-over design), spaced one month apart. For each condition, subjects initially came to the laboratory for a nocturnal sleep episode. Daytime recovery sleep started in the morning after 25h of wakefulness. Subjects were administered either one caffeine (100mg) or placebo capsule three hours before daytime recovery sleep and the remaining dose one hour before daytime recovery sleep.Results Middle-aged subjects showed greater decrements of sleep duration and sleep efficiency than young subjects during daytime recovery under placebo compared to nocturnal sleep. Caffeine decreased sleep efficiency, sleep duration, slow-wave sleep (SWS) and REM sleep during daytime recovery sleep similarly in both age groups. Caffeine also reduced N-REM sleep EEG synchronization during daytime recovery sleep (reduced delta, theta, and alpha power, and greater beta power).Conclusions The combined influence of age and caffeine made the sleep of middle-aged subjects particularly vulnerable to the circadian waking signal. We propose that lower brain synchronization due to age and caffeine produces greater difficulty in overriding the circadian waking signal during daytime sleep and leads to fragmented sleep. These results have implications for the high proportion of the population using caffeine to cope with night work and jet lag, particularly the middle-aged.
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Middle-aged participants were more susceptible to increased caffeine doses compared to young adults in terms of sleep volume and efficiency.
“A double-blind cross-design study of 22 young participants (10 men, 12 women; 20–30 years old) and 25 middle-aged participants (12 men, 13 women; 40–60 years old) showed that in terms of sleep volume and efficiency, middle-aged participants in good health were more susceptible to increased caffeine doses compared to young adults [97].”
From Effect of Caffeine Consumption on the Risk for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders: Sex Differences in Human (2020) · cites this paper as [97]
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- Authors
- Carrier, J., Paquet, J., Fernandez-Bolanos, M., Girouard, L., Roy, J., Selmaoui, B., & Filipini, D.
- Affiliations
- Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal (CA)
- Université de Montréal (CA)
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1016-1024
- ISSN
- 1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1968179218
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- caffeine, aging, sleep efficiency, slow-wave sleep, REM sleep, circadian rhythm, sleep fragmentation, EEG synchronization, middle-aged adults, sleep duration, jet lag, night work
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Caffeine, Circadian Rhythm, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Wakefulness, Polysomnography, Cross-Over Studies, Recovery of Function, Young Adult
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