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Cited by 233Healthcare Decision-Making and RestraintsMental Health Treatment and AccessPsychiatric care and mental health services

Stigma and coercion in the context of outpatient treatment for people with mental illnesses

Link, Bruce, Castille, Dorothy M., Stuber, Jennifer·2008·Social Science & Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.015
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Abstract

The policies and institutional practices developed to care for people with mental illnesses have critical relevance to the production of stigma as they can induce it, minimize it or even block it. This manuscript addresses two prominent and competing perspectives on the consequences for stigma of using coercion to insure compliance with outpatient mental health services. The Coercion to Beneficial Treatment perspective (Torrey, E. F., & Zdanowicz, M. (2001). Outpatient commitment: what, why, and for whom. Psychiatric Services, 52(3), 337-341) holds that the judicious use of coercion facilitates treatment engagement, aides in symptom reduction, and, in the long run, reduces stigma. The Coercion to Detrimental Stigma perspective (Pollack, D. A. (2004). Moving from Coercion to Collaboration in Mental Health Sevices DHHS (SMA) 04-3869. In Rockville, MD: Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration) claims that coercion increases stigmatization resulting in low self-esteem, a compromised quality of life, and increased symptoms. We examine these differing perspectives in a longitudinal study of 184 people with serious mental illness, 76 of whom were court ordered to outpatient treatment and 108 who were not. They were recruited from treatment facilities in the New York boroughs of the Bronx and Queens. We measure coercion in two ways: by assignment to mandated outpatient treatment and with a measure of self-reported coercion. The longitudinal analysis allows stringent tests of predictions derived from each perspective and finds evidence to support certain aspects of each. Consistent with the Coercion to Beneficial Treatment perspective, we found that improvements in symptoms lead to improvements in social functioning. Also consistent with this perspective, assignment to mandated outpatient treatment is associated with better functioning and, at a trend level, to improvements in quality of life. At the same time the Coercion to Detrimental Stigma perspective is supported by findings showing that self-reported coercion increases felt stigma (perceived devaluation-discrimination), erodes quality of life and through stigma leads to lower self-esteem. Future policy needs not only to find ways to insure that people who need treatment receive it, but to achieve such an outcome in a manner that minimizes circumstances that induce perceptions of coercion.

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Authors
Link, B., Castille, D. M., & Stuber, J.
Affiliations
  • Columbia University (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author
Link, Bruce
ORCID
Venue
Social Science & Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-08
Volume
67
Issue
3
Pages
409-419
ISSN
0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.015
OpenAlex
W2003140740
Cited by
233
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
FWCI
18.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
Keywords
mental health stigma, coercion, outpatient mental health services, court-ordered treatment, involuntary treatment, severe mental illness, treatment engagement, social functioning, quality of life, self-esteem, perceived discrimination, currency devaluation
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Attitude of Health Personnel, Mental Disorders, Coercion, Community Mental Health Services, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Prejudice, Self Concept, Sociology, Medical

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