The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stabilizing the Retromer Complex in a Human Stem Cell Model of Alzheimer’s Disease Reduces TAU Phosphorylation Independently of Amyloid Precursor Protein
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Stabilisation of Retromer expression is neuroprotective.
“with stabilisation of Retromer expression being neuroprotective [49][50][51][52].”
From Global identification of neuronal and astrocytic integral membrane proteins that require Retromer for their endosomal recycling (2026) · cites this paper as [51]
The Results report that stabilizing the retromer complex with R33 reduced Aβ and phosphorylated TAU in human stem-cell-derived neurons; the Discussion calls these effects potentially beneficial. The paper does not establish neuroprotection directly, and it tests stabilization of the complex rather than stabilization of retromer expression. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSimilar co-regulation of Aβ and Tau through independent pathways has been shown for ApoE and the retromer complex.
“Similar co-regulation of Aβ and Tau through independent pathways have recently been shown for ApoE (Wang et al., 2018) and the retromer complex (Young et al., 2018).”
From Cholesterol Metabolism Is a Druggable Axis that Independently Regulates Tau and Amyloid-β in iPSC-Derived Alzheimer’s Disease Neurons (2019) · cites this paper as Young et al., 2018
Studies have provided proof-of-concept that retromer can be pharmacologically targeted.
“Notably, studies have already provided the proof-of-concept that retromer can be pharmacologically targeted (Young et al., 2018; Mecozzi et al., 2014)”
From The neuronal retromer can regulate both neuronal and microglial phenotypes of Alzheimer's disease (2022) · cites this paper as Young et al., 2018
Retromer stabilization has been suggested as a promising therapeutic approach to treat Alzheimer's disease, another retromer dysfunction-related disorder.
“Retromer stabilization has been suggested as a promising therapeutic approach to treat Alzheimer’s disease, another retromer dysfunction–related disorder;56,100”
From EHBP1 suppresses liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (2025) · cites this paper as [56]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Neurofibrillary tangles but not senile plaques parallel duration and severity of Alzheimer's disease
Arriagada, P. V., Growdon, J. H., Hedley-Whyte, E. T., & Hyman, B. T. (1992) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.42.3.631 · Cited by 2,668
Somatic coding mutations in human induced pluripotent stem cells
Gore, A., Li, Z., Fung, H.-L., Young, J. E., Agarwal, S., Antosiewicz-Bourget, J., Canto, I., Giorgetti, A., Israel, M. A., Kiskinis, E., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09805 · Cited by 1,273
Self-citationProbing sporadic and familial Alzheimer’s disease using induced pluripotent stem cells
Israel, M. A., Yuan, S. H., Bardy, C., Reyna, S. M., Mu, Y., Herrera, C., Hefferan, M. P., Van Gorp, S., Nazor, K. L., Boscolo, F. S., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10821 · Cited by 1,253
Self-citationKondo, T., Asai, M., Tsukita, K., Kutoku, Y., Ohsawa, Y., Sunada, Y., Imamura, K., Egawa, N., Yahata, N., Okita, K., et al. (2013) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2013.01.009 · Cited by 741
Modeling familial Alzheimer's disease with induced pluripotent stem cells
Yagi, T., Ito, D., Okada, Y., Akamatsu, W., Nihei, Y., Yoshizaki, T., Yamanaka, S., Okano, H., & Suzuki, N. (2011) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddr394 · Cited by 599
Raja, W. K., Mungenast, A. E., Lin, Y.-T., Ko, T., Abdurrob, F., Seo, J., & Tsai, L.-H. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161969 · Cited by 569
Retromer: A Master Conductor of Endosome Sorting
Burd, C., & Cullen, P. J. (2014) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016774 · Cited by 435
VPS35 haploinsufficiency increases Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology
Wen, L., Tang, F.-L., Hong, Y., Luo, S.-W., Wang, C.-L., He, W., Shen, C., Jung, J.-U., Xiong, F., Lee, D.-H., et al. (2011) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201105109 · Cited by 270
Muhammad, A., Flores, I., Zhang, H., Yu, R., Staniszewski, A., Planel, E., Herman, M., Ho, L., Kreber, R., Honig, L. S., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0802545105 · Cited by 248
Self-citationBellenguez, C., Charbonnier, C., Grenier-Boley, B., Quenez, O., Le Guennec, K., Nicolas, G., Chauhan, G., Wallon, D., Rousseau, S., Richard, A. C., et al. (2017) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.07.001 · Cited by 166
Extracellular Monomeric Tau Protein Is Sufficient to Initiate the Spread of Tau Protein Pathology
Michel, C. H., Kumar, S., Pinotsi, D., Tunnacliffe, A., St. George-Hyslop, P., Mandelkow, E., Mandelkow, E.-M., Kaminski, C. F., & Kaminski Schierle, G. S. (2014) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.515445 · Cited by 165
Genetics of Alzheimer's disease: recent advances
Avramopoulos, D. (2009) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/gm34 · Cited by 136
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 36
- Asai, 2015, Depletion of microglia and inhibition of exosome synthesis halt tau propagation, Nat. Neurosci., 18, 1584, 10.1038/nn.4132 · DOI · Paper page
- Berman, 2015, The use of pharmacological retromer chaperones in Alzheimer's disease and other endosomal-related disorders, Neurotherapeutics, 12, 12, 10.1007/s13311-014-0321-y · DOI · Paper page
- Bhalla, 2012, The location and trafficking routes of the neuronal retromer and its role in amyloid precursor protein transport, Neurobiol. Dis., 47, 126, 10.1016/j.nbd.2012.03.030 · DOI · Paper page
- Brownjohn, 2017, Phenotypic screening identifies modulators of amyloid precursor protein processing in human stem cell models of Alzheimer's disease, Stem Cell Rep., 8, 870, 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.02.006 · DOI
- Cataldo, 2008, Down syndrome fibroblast model of Alzheimer-related endosome pathology: accelerated endocytosis promotes late endocytic defects, Am. J. Pathol., 173, 370, 10.2353/ajpath.2008.071053 · DOI
- Cataldo, 2000, Endocytic pathway abnormalities precede amyloid beta deposition in sporadic Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome: differential effects of APOE genotype and presenilin mutations, Am. J. Pathol., 157, 277, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64538-5 · DOI · Paper page
- Chen, 2014, The cellular distribution and Ser262 phosphorylation of tau protein are regulated by BDNF in vitro, PLoS One, 9, e91793, 10.1371/journal.pone.0091793 · DOI
- Chu, 2017, The retromer complex system in a transgenic mouse model of AD: influence of age, Neurobiol. Aging, 52, 32, 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.12.025 · DOI
- Fjorback, 2012, Retromer binds the FANSHY sorting motif in SorLA to regulate amyloid precursor protein sorting and processing, J. Neurosci., 32, 1467, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2272-11.2012 · DOI · Paper page
- Gatz, 2006, Role of genes and environments for explaining Alzheimer disease, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 63, 168, 10.1001/archpsyc.63.2.168 · DOI · Paper page
- Hardy, 1992, Alzheimer's disease: the amyloid cascade hypothesis, Science, 256, 184, 10.1126/science.1566067 · DOI · Paper page
- Hu, 2015, The endosomal-lysosomal system: from acidification and cargo sorting to neurodegeneration, Transl. Neurodegener., 4, 18, 10.1186/s40035-015-0041-1 · DOI
- Karch, 2015, Alzheimer's disease risk genes and mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, Biol. Psychiatry, 77, 43, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.05.006 · DOI · Paper page
- Khurana, 2010, Lysosomal dysfunction promotes cleavage and neurotoxicity of tau in vivo, PLoS Genet., 6, e1001026, 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001026 · DOI
- Kunkle, 2017, Early-onset Alzheimer disease and candidate risk genes involved in endolysosomal transport, JAMA Neurol., 74, 1113, 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.1518 · DOI · Paper page
- Li, 2016, Role of the retromer complex in neurodegenerative diseases, Front. Aging Neurosci., 8, 42, 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00042 · DOI · Paper page
- Liu, 2014, Effect of potent gamma-secretase modulator in human neurons derived from multiple presenilin 1-induced pluripotent stem cell mutant carriers, JAMA Neurol., 71, 1481, 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.2482 · DOI · Paper page
- Mecozzi, 2014, Pharmacological chaperones stabilize retromer to limit APP processing, Nat. Chem. Biol., 10, 443, 10.1038/nchembio.1508 · DOI · Paper page
- Medda, 2016, Development of a scalable, high-throughput-compatible assay to detect tau aggregates using iPSC-derived cortical neurons maintained in a three-dimensional culture format, J. Biomol. Screen., 21, 804, 10.1177/1087057116638029 · DOI
- Muratore, 2014, The familial Alzheimer's disease APPV717I mutation alters APP processing and Tau expression in iPSC-derived neurons, Hum. Mol. Genet., 23, 3523, 10.1093/hmg/ddu064 · DOI · Paper page
- Nixon, 2005, Extensive involvement of autophagy in Alzheimer disease: an immuno-electron microscopy study, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 64, 113, 10.1093/jnen/64.2.113 · DOI · Paper page
- Posner, 2017, Outcomes assessment in clinical trials of Alzheimer's disease and its precursors: readying for short-term and long-term clinical trial needs, Innov. Clin. Neurosci., 14, 22
- Reitz, 2011, Meta-analysis of the association between variants in SORL1 and Alzheimer disease, Arch. Neurol., 68, 99, 10.1001/archneurol.2010.346 · DOI · Paper page
- Reitz, 2013, Independent and epistatic effects of variants in VPS10-d receptors on Alzheimer disease risk and processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), Transl. Psychiatry, 3, e256, 10.1038/tp.2013.13 · DOI
- Rogaeva, 2007, The neuronal sortilin-related receptor SORL1 is genetically associated with Alzheimer disease, Nat. Genet., 39, 168, 10.1038/ng1943 · DOI · Paper page
- Rosenthal, 2014, Late-onset Alzheimer's disease genes and the potentially implicated pathways, Curr. Genet. Med. Rep., 2, 85, 10.1007/s40142-014-0034-x · DOI
- Rovelet-Lecrux, 2006, APP locus duplication causes autosomal dominant early-onset Alzheimer disease with cerebral amyloid angiopathy, Nat. Genet., 38, 24, 10.1038/ng1718 · DOI
- Schreij, 2016, Endocytic membrane trafficking and neurodegenerative disease, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 73, 1529, 10.1007/s00018-015-2105-x · DOI
- Small, 2008, Linking Abeta and tau in late-onset Alzheimer's disease: a dual pathway hypothesis, Neuron, 60, 534, 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.11.007 · DOI · Paper page
- Small, 2005, Model-guided microarray implicates the retromer complex in Alzheimer's disease, Ann. Neurol., 58, 909, 10.1002/ana.20667 · DOI · Paper page
- Small, 2017, Endosomal traffic jams represent a pathogenic Hub and therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease, Trends Neurosci., 40, 592, 10.1016/j.tins.2017.08.003 · DOI · Paper page
- Woodruff, 2016, Defective transcytosis of APP and lipoproteins in human iPSC-derived neurons with familial Alzheimer's disease mutations, Cell Rep., 17, 759, 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.034 · DOI · Paper page
- Woodruff, 2013, The presenilin-1 DeltaE9 mutation results in reduced gamma-secretase activity, but not total loss of PS1 function, in isogenic human stem cells, Cell Rep., 5, 974, 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.10.018 · DOI · Paper page
- Yin, 2016, Vps35-dependent recycling of Trem2 regulates microglial function, Traffic, 17, 1286, 10.1111/tra.12451 · DOI · Paper page
- Young, 2015, Elucidating molecular phenotypes caused by the SORL1 Alzheimer's disease genetic risk factor using human induced pluripotent stem cells, Cell Stem Cell, 16, 373, 10.1016/j.stem.2015.02.004 · DOI
- Yuan, 2011, Cell-surface marker signatures for the isolation of neural stem cells, glia and neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells, PLoS One, 6, e17540, 10.1371/journal.pone.0017540 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Amyloid-β-independent regulators of tau pathology in Alzheimer disease
van der Kant, R., Goldstein, L. S. B., & Ossenkoppele, R. (2020) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-019-0240-3 · Cited by 580
Self-citationModeling Alzheimer’s disease with iPSC-derived brain cells
Penney, J., Ralvenius, W. T., & Tsai, L.-H. (2020) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0468-3 · Cited by 471
van der Kant, R., Langness, V. F., Herrera, C. M., Williams, D. A., Fong, L. K., Leestemaker, Y., Steenvoorden, E., Rynearson, K. D., Brouwers, J. F., Helms, J. B., et al. (2019) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2018.12.013 · Cited by 350
Self-citationTau Protein Interaction Partners and Their Roles in Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Tauopathies
Sinsky, J., Pichlerova, K., & Hanes, J. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22179207 · Cited by 220
The Retromer Complex: From Genesis to Revelations
Seaman, M. N. J. (2021) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2020.12.009 · Cited by 104
RAB10: an Alzheimer’s disease resilience locus and potential drug target
Tavana, J., Rosene, M., Jensen, N., Ridge, P. G., Kauwe, J. S. K., & Karch, C. M. (2018) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s159148 · Cited by 62
Receptor Recycling by Retromer
Carosi, J. M., Denton, D., Kumar, S., & Sargeant, T. J. (2023) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1080/10985549.2023.2222053 · Cited by 36
The neuronal retromer can regulate both neuronal and microglial phenotypes of Alzheimer's disease
Qureshi, Y. H., Berman, D. E., Marsh, S. E., Klein, R. L., Patel, V. M., Simoes, S., Kannan, S., Petsko, G. A., Stevens, B., & Small, S. A. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110262 · Cited by 31
Self-citationThe Alzheimer's Disease Gene SORL1 Regulates Lysosome Function in Human Microglia
Mishra, S., Morshed, N., Sidhu, S. B., Kinoshita, C., Stevens, B., Jayadev, S., & Young, J. E. (2025) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.70009 · Cited by 31
Self-citationEHBP1 suppresses liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
Ma, F., Longo, M., Meroni, M., Bhattacharya, D., Paolini, E., Mughal, S., Hussain, S., Anand, S. K., Gupta, N., Zhu, Y., et al. (2025) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2025.01.020 · Cited by 29
Retromer dysfunction at the nexus of tauopathies
Carosi, J. M., Denton, D., Kumar, S., & Sargeant, T. J. (2021) · Cell Death & Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-020-00727-2 · Cited by 16
Jones, E., Adams, H., Chen, K.-E., Maroof, F., Ibbotson, T. M., Nakamura, Y., Banks, P. J., Healy, M. D., Lewis, P. A., Heesom, K. J., et al. (2026) · doi:10.64898/2026.05.14.724903
Metadata
- Authors
- Young, J. E., Fong, L. K., Frankowski, H., Petsko, G. A., Small, S. A., & Goldstein, L. S. B.
- Venue
- Stem Cell Reports
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-03
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1046-1058
- ISSN
- 2213-6711
- PMC
- PMC5919412
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 12
- Language
- en
- Licence
- Funders
- BrightFocus Foundation
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University
- University of Washington
- John H. Tietze Foundation Trust
- Ellison Medical Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (AG005136)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review