How non-nutritive sweeteners influence hormones and health
Abstract
Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) elicit a multitude of endocrine effects in vitro, in animal models, and in humans. The best-characterized consequences of NNS exposure are metabolic changes, which may be mediated by activation of sweet taste receptors in oral and extraoral tissues (e.g., intestine, pancreatic β cells, and brain), and alterations of the gut microbiome. These mechanisms are likely synergistic and may differ across species and chemically distinct NNSs. However, the extent to which these hormonal effects are clinically relevant in the context of human consumption is unclear. Further investigation following prolonged exposure is required to better understand the role of NNSs in human health, with careful consideration of genetic, dietary, anthropometric, and other interindividual differences.
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STRs are documented widely in metabolic tissues that sense and respond to carbohydrates, including pancreatic β-cells, hepatocytes, adipocytes, and hypothalamic neurons.
“STRs are also documented widely in metabolic tissues that sense and respond to carbohydrates, such as pancreatic β-cells, hepatocytes, adipocytes, and hypothalamic neurons [for review, see (23,24)].”
From Gut mechanisms linking intestinal sweet sensing to glycemic control (2018) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Rother, K. I., Conway, E. M., & Sylvetsky, A. C.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rother, Kristina I.
- Venue
- Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-07
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 455-467
- ISSN
- 1043-2760 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2806711970
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 1.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- artificial sweeteners, endocrine effects, sweet taste receptor, gut microbiota, pancreatic beta cells, metabolic changes, hormonal regulation, interindividual variability
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Endocrine System, Humans, Non-Nutritive Sweeteners
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