Engineered Liver Platforms for Different Phases of Drug Development
Open accessAbstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a leading cause of drug withdrawal from human clinical trials or the marketplace. Owing to species-specific differences in liver pathways, predicting human-relevant DILI using in vitro human liver models is crucial. Microfabrication tools allow precise control over the cellular microenvironment towards stabilizing liver functions for weeks. These tools are used to engineer human liver models with different complexities and throughput using cell lines, primary cells, and stem cell-derived hepatocytes. Including multiple human liver cell types can mimic cell-cell interactions in specific types of DILI. Finally, organ-on-a-chip models demonstrate how drug metabolism in the liver affects multi-organ toxicities. In this review we survey engineered human liver platforms within the needs of different phases of drug development.
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The predictive accuracy of hepatotoxicity in animal studies is only 50%.
“However, the predictive accuracy of hepatotoxicity in animal studies is only 50%.1,5)”
From Cryopreservation of Hepatocyte Organoid-Derived Cells Generated from Human iPS Cells (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
In “The Drug Development Pipeline” (page not provided), the paper says animal models are not always good predictors of human drug-induced liver injury. It does not give animal studies a 50% predictive accuracy; its <50% figure refers to the sensitivity of primary human hepatocytes in conventional culture. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Ware, B. R., & Khetani, S. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Khetani, Salman R.
- Venue
- Trends in Biotechnology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-02
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 172-183
- ISSN
- 0167-7799 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5253249
- OpenAlex
- W2515587277
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Trends in biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R03EB019184)
- Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Keywords
- drug-induced liver injury, organ-on-a-chip, microfabrication, stem cell-derived hepatocytes, primary hepatocytes, cell-cell interactions, drug metabolism, multi-organ toxicity, drug development phases
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Equipment Design, Humans, Liver, Organ Culture Techniques, Liver, Artificial, Tissue Engineering, Tissue Scaffolds
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